Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Background
Epidemiology
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
Clinical History
Physical Examination
Age group
Associated comorbidity
Associated activity
Acuity of presentation
Differential Diagnoses
Laboratory Studies
Imaging Studies
Procedures
Histologic Findings
Staging
Treatment Paradigm
by Stage
by Modality
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Surgical Interventions
Hormone Therapy
Immunotherapy
Hyperthermia
Photodynamic Therapy
Stem Cell Transplant
Targeted Therapy
Palliative Care
Medication
Ca: 1000-1300 mg daily
Vit D:200-800 IU daily
Indicated for nutritional supplement:
>30 years:
The current recommendations for daily magnesium intake are:
Adult men (31 years and older): 420 mg/day
Adult women (31 years and older): 320 mg/day
Pregnant women: 350-400 mg/day
Breastfeeding women: 310-360 mg/day
<30 years:
The NIH recommends the following daily magnesium intake for individuals aged 19-30:
Adult men (19-30 years): 400 mg/day
Adult women (19-30 years): 310 mg/day
Pregnant women: 350-400 mg/day
Breastfeeding women: 310-360 mg/day
General dose range:50-100 mcg every day.
10 mg vanadyl sulfate produces 2 mg of vanadium.
Human body contains nearly 20-25 mg and by the diet provides 2 mg every day.
Sources: pepper, dill, eggs, vegetable oils, oats and buckwheat.
Consuming vanadium has the potential to enhance insulin sensitivity for individuals with type-1 and type-2 diabetes, as well as to diminish both cholesterol levels and bp.
Recommended Dietary Allowances:
Lactation: 35mcg/day
Administer 30mcg/day for adequate intake
Mainly used for diabetes, biotin deficiency, brittle fingers, and alopecia
5 to 10mg orally every day
Recommended daily intake
If taken orally, take it with meals
Lactating women-Administer 7 mg/day
Men and women above 14 years- Administer 5mg/day
Pregnant women- Administer 6 mg/day.
Recommended Daily Allowance is:
For males- 1.2 mg/day
For females- 1.1 mg/day
During pregnancy and lactation- 1.4mg/day
5 to 20 mg/day, the maximum of 50 mg/day; till 700 mg given without apparent harm
The daily diet usually gives enough to meet needs.
silicon can be found in foods like oats, rice, and barley, as well as in fruits and veggies.
Efficacy: Insufficient data
50 mg orally every 12 hours
Administer 5 mL orally up to 3 times a day.
Dietary recommended daily allowance (RDA) (IOM 1997) :
Adults ≥31 years:
Pregnancy: Administer 360 mg/day
Males: Administer 420 mg/day
Females: Administer 320 mg/day
Lactation: Administer 320 mg/day
19 to 30 years:
Pregnancy: Administer 350 mg/day
Males: Administer 400 mg/day
Females: Administer 310 mg/day
Lactation: Administer 310 mg/day
14 to 18 years:
Pregnancy: Administer 400 mg/day
Males: Administer 410 mg/day
Females: Administer 360 mg/day
Lactation: Administer 360 mg/day
9 to 13 years: Administer 240 mg/day
4 to 8 years: Administer 130 mg/day
1 to 3 years: Administer 80 mg/day
300 mg of capsule taken orally one to two times a day or 50 mg of tablet taken orally once a day with the meal
Tale a dose of 15 to 20 ml orally in form of oil
Maximum daily dose not more than 100 ml
Dosing modification
Renal impairment
Dose modification not required
Hepatic impairment
Dose modification not required
Histidine occurs naturally in the diet. Adults have most commonly used L-histidine supplements in amounts of 4 grams by oral everyday
Adults should take around 68 mg/kg everyday (isoleucine 15 mg/kg, valine 19 mg/kg, leucine 34 mg/kg). However, a few studies show that adults may require 144 mg/kg daily
The recommended amount of proline is determined by various factors, including the person's health, age, and other parameters. There is insufficient scientific evidence to define an optimal range of proline dosages
lauric acid is found in meals containing coconut oil, palm oil, & other vegetable fats. However, there is insufficient information to determine a suitable dose of lauric acid as a medication. The natural products may not be safe, and doses might be important
alpha-lipoic acid/benfotiamine/chromium/folic acid/mecobalamin / vit b6Â
Take Nervz-B 300 mg capsule one/ two times a day
Take Nervz-B 50 mg, one tablet daily with the meal by oral route
Chew or swallow 1 tablet for each problem food right before the first meal bite
1 Capsule taken once a day
l-glutamic acid /vitamin B complexÂ
It should be taken as per the physician’s advice
Take a dose of 500 to 1000 mg orally once daily
Take 105 mg-350 mg in a day
1000 to 2000 mg oral powder is given once or twice a day
Asparagine may be found in a variety of foods and dietary supplements. It is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, where it helps enhance or stabilize the properties of active ingredients
Administer 3 to 9g in divided doses every day
Administer dosage of about 20 milligrams per kilogram of body weight
For individuals weighing between 100 and 250 pounds (approximately 45 to 113 kg), recommended daily dosages translate to:
200lbs (approximately 91kg) = 1,820mg per day
100lbs (approximately 45kg) = 900mg per day
150lbs (approximately 68kg) = 1,360mg per day
Administer dose of 100 cal/kg orally daily
It is a skin-permeable form of Vitamin C derived from Indole-3-Carbinol, is a prevalent Dietary Indole with significant physiological benefits
The recommended dosage for adults is 200 to 400 mg in a day
off-label:
clinical trials suggest doses of 200 to 500 milligrams, allowing flexibility in consumption, whether as tea or capsules
To prepare tea, mix 1 tbsp in boiling water, allow it to develop the desired thickness, flavor & aroma, and consume it three times a day
As a dietary supplement, take two or four capsules in a day
folic acid-cyanocobalamin-pyridoxineÂ
1-2 tablets or capsules orally every day 
The dose may depend on factors such as your age, health, and the purpose of using kinetin. There is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate dose of kinetin
Off-label:
The recommended dosage for this substance is typically 10-20mg, to be taken three times a day
Off-Label:
It comes in different forms, such as powdered, dried, or encapsulated versions
It's also available as a tea
While there's limited research leading to no set dosage recommendations, 500-mg doses are commonly seen in bladderwrack supplements
indicated for Mineral/vitamin supplementation:
0-6 months:0.2 to 0.27mg elemental iron orally every day
7-12 months:7-11mg elemental iron orally every day
1-3 years: 4 to 9mg elemental iron orally every day
4-8 years: 4 to 10mg of elemental iron orally every day
9-13 years: 6 to 8mg elemental iron orally every day
14-18 years: 8-15 mg elemental iron orally every day
Age >12 years:
4
g
Orally 
3 times a day added to added to 4-8 ounces food
Recommended Dietary Allowances
0 to 1 year old infants: 5 to 6mcg/day
1 to 9 years old child: 8 to 12 mcg/day
9 to 18 years old adults: 20 to 25mcg/day
Recommended daily intake
If taken orally, take it with meals
13 to 18 years: Administer 5mg/day
8 to 13 years: Administer 4mg/day
3 to 8 years: Administer 3mg/day
1 to 3 years: Administer 2mg/day
6 to 12 months: Administer 1.8mg/day
<6 months: Administer 1.7mg/day
For 0-6 months old, 0.2 mg/day
For 6-12 months old, 0.3 mg/day
For 1-3 years old, 0.5 mg/day
For 3-8 years old, 0.6 mg/day
For 8-13 years old, 0.9 mg/day
For 13-18 years old, males, 1.2 mg/day and 1 mg/day in females
For Infants:
Take initial dose of 0.5 ml orally after each other feeding, then raise the increments up to 0.25 to 0.5 ml at intervals of 2 to 3 days as tolerated
Maximum daily dose not more than 100 ml in divided doses
Age: >18 years
60–160 µg or 126-170 µg daily (limited information available)
Future Trends
References
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