Vaginal discharge is a normal and general occurrence in a vagina of female. It helps to clean and protect the vaginal area to remove dead cells and bacteria.
This process maintains a healthy balance of bacteria and an acidic pH level in the vagina to prevent infections.
Vaginal discharge varies in color, consistency, and quantity throughout the menstrual cycle. These variations are linked to hormonal changes.
Types of vaginal discharge as follows:
Clear and Watery
Clear and Stretchy
Normal
Abnormal
Discharge is seen clear and stretchy during ovulation phase, while it is thicker and slightly yellow in the luteal phase.
It is observed more due to high estrogen levels during ovulation, puberty, and pregnancy period.
Epidemiology
Gynaecological advice required in vaginal discharge cases and studies shows 10% to 25% women report abnormal discharge.
Sexual behaviour determines risk of STI, that impacts abnormal discharge from unprotected intercourse or multiple partners.
Disruption in vaginal bacteria causes bacterial vaginosis occurs in fishy odour and thin grey discharge.
Bacterial vaginosis affects 29% to 35% of women worldwide, while yeast infections affect 75% of women for minimum one time.
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Cervix mucus consistency changes during menstrual cycle to protects from infections.
Vaginal walls secrete fluid to maintain moisture and acidic environment. Ovulation increases sticky mucus for easier sperm movement during conception.
Increase estrogen level in pregnancy causes more clear or milky vaginal discharge called as leukorrhea.
Yeast infections caused due to overgrown candida albicans fungus to give thick discharge.
Etiology
Causes of vaginal discharge are:
Yeast Infection
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Bacterial Vaginosis
Hormonal Imbalances
Cervical or Uterine Issues
Genetics
Prognostic Factors
Hormonal issues from conditions including PCOS or menopause can affect outcomes treated with therapies and management.
Effect of irritant type on prognosis is significant and removes irritant lead to rapid symptom improvement.
The age of the individual can influence the prognosis. Individuals with strong immune systems generally have a better prognosis for infections.
Untreated STIs or repeat infections can cause pelvic inflammation to affect fertility and health.
Good hygiene and avoidance of irritants improve vaginal discharge prognosis.
Clinical History
Detailed information including presenting symptoms, menstrual history, sexual historyand medical history of patient should be gathered.
Interventions with procedures for vaginal discharge are considered when initial treatments with medications or lifestyle modifications are not sufficient.
It includes colposcopy, endometrial biopsy and hysteroscopy procedure.
use-of-phases-in-vaginal-discharge
In the initial assessment phase, evaluation of the patient associated symptoms including menstrual cycle, sexual history, and laboratory test to confirm diagnosis.
Pharmacologic therapy is effective in the treatment phase as it includes use of antibiotics, antifungal, and antiprotozoal agents.
In supportive care and management phase, patients should receive required attention such as lifestyle modification and therapies.
The regular follow-up visits with the gynecologist are scheduled to check the improvement of patients along with treatment response.
Adult females
Indicated for Vaginal acidification
Insert half of the applicator with gel intravaginally thrice weekly during the 1st week after pessary insertion, followed by intravaginal application of gel using the applicator twice a week
Vaginal discharge is a normal and general occurrence in a vagina of female. It helps to clean and protect the vaginal area to remove dead cells and bacteria.
This process maintains a healthy balance of bacteria and an acidic pH level in the vagina to prevent infections.
Vaginal discharge varies in color, consistency, and quantity throughout the menstrual cycle. These variations are linked to hormonal changes.
Types of vaginal discharge as follows:
Clear and Watery
Clear and Stretchy
Normal
Abnormal
Discharge is seen clear and stretchy during ovulation phase, while it is thicker and slightly yellow in the luteal phase.
It is observed more due to high estrogen levels during ovulation, puberty, and pregnancy period.
Gynaecological advice required in vaginal discharge cases and studies shows 10% to 25% women report abnormal discharge.
Sexual behaviour determines risk of STI, that impacts abnormal discharge from unprotected intercourse or multiple partners.
Disruption in vaginal bacteria causes bacterial vaginosis occurs in fishy odour and thin grey discharge.
Bacterial vaginosis affects 29% to 35% of women worldwide, while yeast infections affect 75% of women for minimum one time.
Cervix mucus consistency changes during menstrual cycle to protects from infections.
Vaginal walls secrete fluid to maintain moisture and acidic environment. Ovulation increases sticky mucus for easier sperm movement during conception.
Increase estrogen level in pregnancy causes more clear or milky vaginal discharge called as leukorrhea.
Yeast infections caused due to overgrown candida albicans fungus to give thick discharge.
Causes of vaginal discharge are:
Yeast Infection
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Bacterial Vaginosis
Hormonal Imbalances
Cervical or Uterine Issues
Hormonal issues from conditions including PCOS or menopause can affect outcomes treated with therapies and management.
Effect of irritant type on prognosis is significant and removes irritant lead to rapid symptom improvement.
The age of the individual can influence the prognosis. Individuals with strong immune systems generally have a better prognosis for infections.
Untreated STIs or repeat infections can cause pelvic inflammation to affect fertility and health.
Good hygiene and avoidance of irritants improve vaginal discharge prognosis.
Detailed information including presenting symptoms, menstrual history, sexual historyand medical history of patient should be gathered.
It is mainly responsible for the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and sexual characteristics.
OB/GYN and Women\'s Health
Interventions with procedures for vaginal discharge are considered when initial treatments with medications or lifestyle modifications are not sufficient.
It includes colposcopy, endometrial biopsy and hysteroscopy procedure.
OB/GYN and Women\'s Health
In the initial assessment phase, evaluation of the patient associated symptoms including menstrual cycle, sexual history, and laboratory test to confirm diagnosis.
Pharmacologic therapy is effective in the treatment phase as it includes use of antibiotics, antifungal, and antiprotozoal agents.
In supportive care and management phase, patients should receive required attention such as lifestyle modification and therapies.
The regular follow-up visits with the gynecologist are scheduled to check the improvement of patients along with treatment response.
Vaginal discharge is a normal and general occurrence in a vagina of female. It helps to clean and protect the vaginal area to remove dead cells and bacteria.
This process maintains a healthy balance of bacteria and an acidic pH level in the vagina to prevent infections.
Vaginal discharge varies in color, consistency, and quantity throughout the menstrual cycle. These variations are linked to hormonal changes.
Types of vaginal discharge as follows:
Clear and Watery
Clear and Stretchy
Normal
Abnormal
Discharge is seen clear and stretchy during ovulation phase, while it is thicker and slightly yellow in the luteal phase.
It is observed more due to high estrogen levels during ovulation, puberty, and pregnancy period.
Gynaecological advice required in vaginal discharge cases and studies shows 10% to 25% women report abnormal discharge.
Sexual behaviour determines risk of STI, that impacts abnormal discharge from unprotected intercourse or multiple partners.
Disruption in vaginal bacteria causes bacterial vaginosis occurs in fishy odour and thin grey discharge.
Bacterial vaginosis affects 29% to 35% of women worldwide, while yeast infections affect 75% of women for minimum one time.
Cervix mucus consistency changes during menstrual cycle to protects from infections.
Vaginal walls secrete fluid to maintain moisture and acidic environment. Ovulation increases sticky mucus for easier sperm movement during conception.
Increase estrogen level in pregnancy causes more clear or milky vaginal discharge called as leukorrhea.
Yeast infections caused due to overgrown candida albicans fungus to give thick discharge.
Causes of vaginal discharge are:
Yeast Infection
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Bacterial Vaginosis
Hormonal Imbalances
Cervical or Uterine Issues
Hormonal issues from conditions including PCOS or menopause can affect outcomes treated with therapies and management.
Effect of irritant type on prognosis is significant and removes irritant lead to rapid symptom improvement.
The age of the individual can influence the prognosis. Individuals with strong immune systems generally have a better prognosis for infections.
Untreated STIs or repeat infections can cause pelvic inflammation to affect fertility and health.
Good hygiene and avoidance of irritants improve vaginal discharge prognosis.
Detailed information including presenting symptoms, menstrual history, sexual historyand medical history of patient should be gathered.
It is mainly responsible for the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and sexual characteristics.
OB/GYN and Women\'s Health
Interventions with procedures for vaginal discharge are considered when initial treatments with medications or lifestyle modifications are not sufficient.
It includes colposcopy, endometrial biopsy and hysteroscopy procedure.
OB/GYN and Women\'s Health
In the initial assessment phase, evaluation of the patient associated symptoms including menstrual cycle, sexual history, and laboratory test to confirm diagnosis.
Pharmacologic therapy is effective in the treatment phase as it includes use of antibiotics, antifungal, and antiprotozoal agents.
In supportive care and management phase, patients should receive required attention such as lifestyle modification and therapies.
The regular follow-up visits with the gynecologist are scheduled to check the improvement of patients along with treatment response.
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