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Brand Name :
Alocillin, Alocin, Azlocillin, Azlin
Synonyms :
Azlocillin sodium
Class :
Antibiotics and Penicillins
Brand Name :
Alocillin, Alocin, Azlocillin, Azlin
Synonyms :
Azlocillin sodium
Class :
Antibiotics and Penicillins
Dosage Forms & strengths:
1.05g of azlocillin sodium is equivalent to about 1g of azlocillin
Injectable solution:
100mg/30ml
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections
10% IV solution:
2
g
every 8 hrs
For life-threatening infection: 5g every 8hr. Higher doses should be infused over 20 to 30 minutes.
The dose can be modified as per symptoms and intensity of infection.
2
g
Intravenous (IV)
every 8 hrs
, For severe cases 5g every 8 to 10hr
2
g
Intravenous (IV)
every 8 hrs
, increase the dose depending on the severity of the infection
For creatinine clearance <30ml/min:
2
g
Intravenous (IV)
every 8 hrs
increased at 12hr intervals
Dose reduction may be required in case of hepatic impairment
Dosage Forms & strengths:
1.05g of azlocillin sodium is equivalent to about 1g of azlocillin
Injectable solution:
100mg/30ml
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections
For children up to 14yr:
75
mg/kg
Intravenous (IV)
3 times a day
(do not exceed more than 2g/dose)
For 7 days to 1yr: 50mg/kg three times a day
For neonates <7 days: 50mg/kg twice a day
For children up to 14yr:
75
mg/kg
Intravenous (IV)
3 times a day
(do not exceed more than 2g/dose)
For 7 days to 1yr: 50mg/kg three times a day
For neonates <7 days: 50mg/kg twice a day
Infants 7 days to 1yr:
50
mg/kg
Intravenous (IV)
3 times a day
For neonates <7 days: 50mg/kg twice a day
For creatinine clearance <30ml/min (children up to 14yr): 2g IV every 8 hours increased at 12hr intervals
Dose reduction may be required in case of hepatic impairment
The risk of seizure can be increased when combined with azlocillin.
The risk of seizure may be increased.
Decrease renal clearance.
Increase systemic circulation of mycophenolate metabolites by hepatic reuptake.
Therapeutic efficacy of azlocillin may decrease.
The therapeutic effects of the BCG vaccine can be decreased when interacting with azlocillin.
Therapeutic efficacy of azlocillin may decrease.
Therapeutic efficacy of azlocillin may decrease.
Therapeutic efficacy of azlocillin may decrease.
Increased anticoagulant activities of acenocoumarol.
Decrease the excretion rate of azlocillin which could result in a higher serum level of the drug.
Therapeutic activity decreased of acetazolamide.
Decreased therapeutic activity of brexanolone.
Decreased therapeutic activity of brivaracetam.
Decreased therapeutic efficacy of butalbital.
Decreased therapeutic efficacy of carbamazepine.
Decreased therapeutic efficacy of cenobamate.
Decreased therapeutic efficacy of diazepam.
When azlocillin is used together with capsaicin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of methemoglobinemia
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with aminoglycosides
neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracin topical
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with aminoglycosides
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with aminoglycosides
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with aminoglycosides
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with aminoglycosides
may increase the anticoagulant effect when combined with vitamin k antagonists
may increase the anticoagulant effect when combined with vitamin k antagonists
may increase the anticoagulant effect when combined with vitamin k antagonists
may increase the anticoagulant effect when combined with vitamin k antagonists
may increase the anticoagulant effect when combined with vitamin k antagonists
the therapeutic efficacy of remacemide may be reduced when used in combination with azlocillin
When azlocillin is used together with clomocycline, this leads to a reduction in therapeutic effectiveness of azocillin
probenecid may increase the serum concentration of penicillins
acemetacin: they may enhance the serum concentration of penicillins
bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with penicillins
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with penicillins
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with penicillins
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with penicillins
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with penicillins
the therapeutic activity of norethynodrel may be reduced
Therapeutic activity of atracurium increased when combined with azlocillin.
Decreased serum concentration of amikacin.
Serum concentration increased of cinoxacin.
Actions and Spectrum:
Actions:
Azlocillin is an antibiotic. It eliminates bacterial infections using two key methods. First, azlocillin halts bacteria’s ability to build cell walls. It does this by attaching to particular proteins called penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Secondly, azlocillin disrupts certain PBPs involved in activating a process causing bacterial self-destruction, autolysis. By interfering with cell wall synthesis and triggering autolysis, azlocillin effectively kills bacteria.
Spectrum:
Azlocillin is a powerful, man-made penicillin. It works against many types of bacteria. Notably, it fights Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. This includes resistant strains. Azlocillin also works on Gram-positive organisms. It combats certain Gram-negative bacteria too. And it tackles many anaerobic bacteria. However, it may not work well on bacteria resistant to other penicillins or cephalosporins. This is due to specific enzymes these bacteria have. Azlocillin kills bacteria. And it works together with aminoglycosides against some bacteria.
Patients with a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens or hypersensitivity to beta-lactams may develop severe anaphylactoid reactions with azlocillin therapy.
Black Box Warning:
Life-threatening allergic reactions have occurred with Azlocillin. Especially people with multiple allergies are at risk. Before starting treatment, check if patients had reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, or other allergens. Stop Azlocillin and provide proper care if an allergic reaction happens. Careful monitoring is needed, as Pseudomonas or Candida superinfections may develop. If these complications arise, stop Azlocillin and begin suitable therapy. Patients must avoid acidic foods like citrus fruits, juices, soda, and chocolates. They should also take Azlocillin at least 2 hours before or after multivitamins or antacids to maintain antibiotic effectiveness.
Contraindication/Caution:
Contraindications
Cautions
Pharmacology:
The antimicrobial action works like piperacillin, being effective against many gram-negative organisms. It handles Klebsiella pneumoniae well. While not as strong as piperacillin or mezlocillin against Enterobacteriaceae, it matches piperacillin’s effectiveness against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pharmacodynamics:
Azlocillin attaches to specific proteins (PBPs) in the bacterial cell wall. This stops the last step of cell wall formation. After that, enzymes in the cell wall break it down. Azlocillin may also disrupt an inhibitor that blocks those enzymes. It acts by binding to penicillin-binding proteins situated within the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting the third and final stage of cell wall synthesis. Subsequently, bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes, including autolysins, facilitate cell lysis, and there is a possibility that azlocillin disrupts the function of an autolysin inhibitor.
Pharmacokinetics:
Distribution
Drug binding to proteins is around 20-46%.
Metabolism
There is minimal metabolism
Elimination and Excretion
The half-life is roughly one hour. Most of the drug is excreted through bile, with 50-70% unchanged in urine.
Administration:
Azlocillin, a medication, gets injected into veins. The dose and treatment period change based on the illness’s severity. How sick the patient is also matters. Always follow doctor’s orders carefully. Doctors usually give Azlocillin in hospitals, with length of treatment depending on infection and patient response.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: azlocillin
Pronunciation: AZ-loh-SILL-in
Why do we use azlocillin?
Azlocillin works against bacteria. It’s strong versus gram-negative germs. Those bacteria have tough outer layers. They resist many antibiotics. Gram-negatives cause urinary infections, lung diseases, skin issues, blood poisoning. Hospitals see Pseudomonas aeruginosa a lot. It’s tough to treat with other drugs. Azlocillin tackles those infections. It helps people with weakened immunity too. They get sick from bacteria more easily.
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