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November 22, 2025
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Brand Name :
No Data Available.
Synonyms :
ceftriaxone
Class :
Cephalosporins and 3rd Generation
Brand Name :
No Data Available.
Synonyms :
ceftriaxone
Class :
Cephalosporins and 3rd Generation
Dosage Forms & Strengths   Â
Injectable solution   Â
1g/50mL  Â
2g/50mL  Â
Powder for injection   Â
250mg  Â
500mg  Â
1g  Â
2g  Â
10g  Â
100g  Â
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus pyogenes
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least treatment given ten days for diseases due to streptococcus
Indicated to uncomplicated cervical, urethral and rectal gonorrhea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and pharyngeal gonorrhea
250 mg IM as a single dose
500 mg IM as a single dose for less than 150 kg
1 g IM as a single dose for at least 150 kg
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least ten days for Infections due to S. pyogenes
1-2 g IV or IM was given once a day or in equally divided doses 2x a day
maximum duration of therapy is 4-14 days
prolonged treatment recommends for complicated infections
At least ten days for Infections due to S. pyogenes
250 mg IM given as a single dose according to US CDC Recommendations
1 g IM is given as a single dose according to US CDC Recommendations
Dosage Forms & Strengths   Â
Injectable solution   Â
1g per 50ml  Â
2g per 50ml  Â
Powder for injection   Â
250mg  Â
500mg  Â
1g  Â
2g  Â
For >1-month children
50-75 mg per kg per day IV or IM is given in divided doses every 12hrs
maximum dose per day is 2 g
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of argatroban by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of bivalirudin by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of dalteparin by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of enoxaparin by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of fondaparinux by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of heparin by anticoagulation  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism   ceftri
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreasing effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of ceftriaxone by pharmacodynamic antagonism  
cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonistsÂ
cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonistsÂ
cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonistsÂ
cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonistsÂ
cephalosporins may enhance the anticoagulant effect of vitamin K antagonistsÂ
When loracarbef is used together with ceftriaxone, the risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity is enhanced
When ceftriaxone is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefmenoxime is used together with ceftriaxone, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ceftriaxone is used together with proglumetacin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ceftriaxone is used together with benoxaprofen, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
ceftriaxone leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of eucalyptus oil which leads to increased level of serum
ceftriaxone leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of pentaerythritol tetranitrate, which leads to an increased level of serum
ceftriaxone leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of potassium acetate, which leads to an increased level of serum
ceftriaxone leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of nitric oxide, which leads to an increased level of serum
When ceftriaxone is used together with difenpiramide, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
ceftriaxone may decrease the excretion rate of almasilate, leading to higher serum levels
When both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
demeclocycline reduces the effects of bactericidal agents
doxycycline reduces the effects of bactericidal agents
may have a decrease in excretion when combined with ceftriaxone
the risk of adverse effects may be increased
ceftriaxone might lead to a reduction in the rate of excretion of telavancin, potentially leading to elevated levels of serum
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of ceftriaxone  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of willow bark 
Action and spectrum:Â
Action:Â
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) found inside bacterial cell walls are bound by ceftriaxone. PBPs are enzymes which are engaged in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall in the last stage of the building and in the process of its modification in the course of bacterial growth and division.
Ceftriaxone immobilizes these PBPs which are critical proteins in the cross linking of peptidoglycan chains that normally provides the structural integrity and rigidity of bacterial cell walls.Â
Frequency defined  Â
>10%  Â
Induration after IM injection  Â
1-10%  Â
Diarrhea  Â
Elevated hepatic transaminases  Â
Eosinophilia  Â
Leukopenia  Â
Rash  Â
Thrombocytosis  Â
<1%  Â
Agranulocytosis  Â
Anaphylaxis  Â
Anemia  Â
Basophilia  Â
Bronchospasm  Â
Candidiasis  Â
Chills  Â
Diaphoresis  Â
Dizziness  Â
Dysgeusia  Â
Flushing  Â
Gallstones  Â
Glycosuria  Â
Headache  Â
Hematuria  Â
Hemolytic anemia  Â
Jaundice  Â
Leukocytosis  Â
Lymphocytosis  Â
Lymphopenia  Â
Monocytosis  Â
Nausea  Â
Neutropenia  Â
Phlebitis  Â
Renal stones  Â
Serum sickness  Â
Thrombocytopenia  Â
Urinary casts  Â
Vaginitis  Â
Vomiting  Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationÂ
HypersensitivityÂ
Gallbladder DiseaseÂ
CautionÂ
Renal and Hepatic ImpairmentÂ
Gastrointestinal DiseaseÂ
Pregnancy and lactationÂ
Pregnancy/Lactation  Â
Pregnancy warnings:   Â
AU TGA pregnancy category: B1 Â
US FDA pregnancy category: B  Â
Breastfeeding warnings: The release of the drug into the human breastmilk is known  Â
Pregnancy Categories:   Â
Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no risk to the fetus in the first trimester or the later trimester   Â
Category B: No evidence shown of risk to the fetus found in animal reproduction studies, and there are not enough studies on pregnant women   Â
Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for a result in humans must take care of potential risks in pregnant women   Â
Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh risks over benefits Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women   Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology: It belongs to Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Ceftriaxone act by preventing bacterial cell wall synthesis through attaching to the PBPs, which play cross-linking of the peptidoglycan layer. These steps create lesions in the bacterial cell wall which in turn leads to cell lysis and eventual death.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
 IV and IM are used to administer ceftriaxone.Â
The time of peak plasma is two to three hours for IM.Â
DistributionÂ
Widely dispersed throughout bodily tissues and fluids.Â
High protein binding (85 to 95%).Â
MetabolismÂ
The metabolism occurs in liver.Â
Excretion and EliminationÂ
Excreted through both the kidneys (urine) and the bile (feces).Â
About 33-67% of a dose is eliminated unchanged in the urine.Â
Half-lifeÂ
The elimination half-life of ceftriaxone is relatively long, approximately 5-9 hours.Â
AdministrationÂ
The administration is done through intravenous and intramuscular route.Â
Generic Name: ceftriaxoneÂ
Pronounced: sef-TRI-aks-ownÂ
Why do we use ceftriaxone? Â
Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections throughout the body. It is also administered before certain surgeries to prevent infections. Ceftriaxone works by killing bacteria or stopping their growth.Â
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