sulfametopyrazine

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum: 

Actions: 

Sulfametopyrazine functions by competing with PABA for the inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase, a crucial enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of folic acid in bacteria. 

Spectrum: 

Sulfametopyrazine is a synthetic antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by blocking PABA in the folic acid metabolism cycle, but some bacteria can become resistant to it. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

Liver necrosis 

Nephritis 

Myocarditis 

Serum sickness like syndrome 

Fibrosing alveolitis 

Kernicterus in premature neonates 

Nausea 

Anuria 

Stevens johnson syndrome 

Diarrhea 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning: 

Drink enough water to reduce crystalluria risk; stop if rash appears; be cautious with severe kidney/liver issues, allergies, or asthma. 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindications 

Pregnancy (3rd trimester) 

Blood disorders 

Acute porphyria 

SLE 

Lactation 

Hypersensitivity 

Allergy 

Infants less than 2 months 

Cautions 

Breastfeeding 

Pregnancy 

Crystalluria 

Hepatic impairment 

G6PD deficiency 

Renal impairment 

Asthma 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy/Lactation 

Pregnancy consideration: 

No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy. 

Breastfeeding warnings: 

No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk. 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester. 

 <b>Category B: There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: There was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women. 

Category D: Adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women. 

Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology: 

Sulfametopyrazine is a sulfonamide that blocks nucleic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms by inhibiting PABA conversion to dihydrofolic acid. It’s primarily bacteriostatic but can be bactericidal in low thymine environments. 

Pharmacodynamics: 

Sulfametopyrazine competes with PABA for binding to a bacterial enzyme, dihydropteroate synthase, blocking the production of folic acid. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

Rapid absorption 

Distribution 

Protein-bound is 60-80% 

Metabolism 

5% of the drug is metabolized to acetyl derivative. 

Elimination and Excretion 

 The half-life of the drug is 60-65 hours. 

The drug is excreted in urine slowly. 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

Sulfametopyrazine tablets are taken with water, suspension needs shaking and measured dose, and it’s important to complete the treatment even if symptoms improve. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: sulfametopyrazine 

Pronounced: suhl-fuh-met-oh-PIR-uh-zeen 

Why do we use sulfametopyrazine? 

Sulfametopyrazine treats various bacterial infections like UTIs, respiratory, and GI infections by targeting specific bacterial pathways.