Long COVID Patterns in the RECOVER-Adult Study
November 21, 2025
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Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
ammonium chloride
Class :
Parenteral Electrolyte Supplements
Brand Name :
N/A
Synonyms :
ammonium chloride
Class :
Parenteral Electrolyte Supplements
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Injectable solutionÂ
5mEq/mlÂ
Indicated for Metabolic Alkalosis and Hypochloremic States:
mEq of chloride ion (NH4Cl) = [0.2 L/kg X Body weight(kg)] X [103 - measured serum chloride]; provide 50% of the dosage over 12 hours and reassess.
The typical range for serum chloride concentration is 103 mEq/L, while the distribution volume for chloride is 0.2 L/kg.
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Injectable solutionÂ
5mEq/mlÂ
Indicated for Metabolic Alkalosis and Hypochloremic States:
mEq of chloride ion (NH4Cl) = [0.2 L/kg X Bodyweight (kg)] X [103 - measured serum chloride]; provide 50% of the dosage over 12 hours and reassess.
The typical range for serum chloride concentration is 103 mEq/L, while the distribution volume for chloride is 0.2 L/kg.
Refer adult dosingÂ
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
may have an increased adverse effect when combined with vitamin D analogs
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
May reduce the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
May reduce the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
May reduce the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
May reduce the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
May reduce the levels of serum concentration of amphetamines
may decrease the serum concentration
choline magnesium trisalicylate
The serum concentration of salicylates may be increased by ammonium chloride
When ammonium chloride and levobetaxolol are combined, there is a potential increase in the risk or seriousness of hyperkalemia
tinidazole has the potential to reduce the rate of excretion of ammonium chloride, potentially leading to an elevation in level of serum
ammonium chloride leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of eucalyptus oil which leads to increased level of serum
cefpirome leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of ammonium chloride which leads to increased level of serum
ammonium chloride leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of chromous sulfate, which leads to an increased level of serum
ammonium chloride may decrease the excretion rate of almasilate, resulting in higher serum levels
it increases the concentration of salicylates in serum
May reduce the therapeutic concentration of pizotifen
hydrocodone/​chlorpheniramine/​pseudoephedrineÂ
may decrease the serum concentration of alpha/beta agonists
may diminish the serum concentration of amphetamines
may enhance the serum concentration of salicylates
may diminish the serum concentration of amantadine
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
amphetamines: they may diminish the serum concentration of urinary acidifying agents
chlorpropamide: they may enhance the serum concentration of urinary acidifying agents
mecamylamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of urinary acidifying agents
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with urinary acidifying agents
the risk of hyperkalemia may be increased
ceforanide: it may decrease the excretion rate of ammonium chloride
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Mechanism of Action:Â
Spectrum of Activity:Â
Frequency not definedÂ
RashÂ
SeizureÂ
DrowsinessÂ
Ammonia toxicity symptomsÂ
HypokalemiaÂ
Abdominal painÂ
HyperventilationÂ
Metabolic acidosisÂ
EEG abnormalitiesÂ
Mental confusionÂ
Injection site reactionsÂ
Calcium-deficient tetanyÂ
HyperchloremiaÂ
Nausea/vomitingÂ
Black box warning:Â
NoneÂ
Contraindications/caution:Â
Contraindications:Â
Caution:Â
Pregnancy consideration: CÂ
Lactation: N/AÂ
Pregnancy category:Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this categoryÂ
Pharmacology:Â
The pharmacology of ammonium chloride primarily involves its acidifying properties and its effects on acid-base balance in the body. Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
The pharmacodynamics of ammonium chloride primarily involve its effects on acid-base balance and its ability to acidify various bodily fluids.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
When ingested orally, it is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It can also be absorbed through the respiratory system if inhaled or through the skin if applied topically in specific formulations.Â
DistributionÂ
Once absorbed, ammonium chloride quickly enters the bloodstream and is distributed throughout the body. It can cross cell membranes and distribute into various tissues and body fluids. ammonium ions (NH4+) can freely pass through cell membranes due to their small size and lipophilicity.Â
MetabolismÂ
ammonium chloride does not undergo significant metabolism in the body. It primarily functions as an acidifier and is primarily excreted unchanged.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The main route of excretion for ammonium chloride is through the kidneys. The kidneys filter and excrete the excess ammonium ions (NH4+) in the urine, resulting in the acidification of the urine. Some ammonium ions may also be excreted through sweat and feces, although to a lesser extent.Â
Administration:Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: ammonium chlorideÂ
Why do we use ammonium chloride?Â
ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) has several uses across different industries and applications. Â
Pharmaceutical Industry:Â
Laboratory and Chemical Industry:Â
Agriculture and Animal Feed:Â
Textile Industry:Â
Electroplating:Â
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