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Brand Name :
Cinobac
Synonyms :
cinoxacin, Cinoxacine, Cinoxacino, Cinoxacinum
Class :
Antimicrobials, Antibacterials, Nucleic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, Other Quinolone
Brand Name :
Cinobac
Synonyms :
cinoxacin, Cinoxacine, Cinoxacino, Cinoxacinum
Class :
Antimicrobials, Antibacterials, Nucleic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, Other Quinolone
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
CapsuleÂ
250 mgÂ
500 mgÂ
It is indicated in treating UTIs where an oral dosage of 1g in divided fractions four times a day for one week or two weeks, respectively
The dose should be administered before or after taking antacids
Dose Adjustments
Renal dose adjustments
In renal impairment patients whose CrCl is below 20 ml/min, the recommended dose is 250 mg once a day; if CrCl is 50 and 20 ml/min dose is 250 mg twice a day; if it is 80 and 50 ml/min dose is 250 mg thrice a day, and if it is above 80 ml/min dose is 500 mg twice a day
The drug is not advised in anuric patients
Safety and efficacy are not seen in pediatricsÂ
Refer to the adult dosingÂ
metabolism of acetaminophen is reduced when taken with cinoxacin
metabolism of acyclovir is reduced when taken with cinoxacin
neuroexcitatory actions of cinoxacin can increase with aceclofenac
neuroexcitatory actions of cinoxacin can increase with acemetacin
QTc prolongation can be seen when acrivastine is used in combination with cinoxacin
when bromazepam and cinoxacin are used together, there is a potential reduction in the bromazepam's metabolism
the efficacy of acarbose is enhanced with cinoxacin
the efficacy of acenocoumarol is enhanced with cinoxacin
enhanced efficacy of warfarin with cinoxacin is seen
When ponesimod is used together with cinoxacin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of bradycardia
When cinoxacin is used together with adenosine, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of QTc prolongation
When cinoxacin is used together with givinostat, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of Qtc prolongation
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia with pheneticillin
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
may have a decrease in excretion when combined with cinoxacin
When cinoxacin is aided by hesperetin, it reduces hesperetin’s metabolism
Serum concentration increased of cinoxacin.
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of etoposide   
when both the drugs are combined, the metabolism of carmustine decreases    
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced plasma concentration of quinolone antibiotics  
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Actions:Â
cinoxacin is an antibacterial or antimicrobial drug used in the treatment of urinary tract infections or bladder infections. It has high tolerance. It shows its activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase enzyme after which its DNA replication. It is active against gram negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria.Â
Spectrum:Â
cinoxacin is active against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and can be used for bacterial prostatitis, bladder infections apart from treating urinary tract infections.
Frequency Not Defined Â
Less common Â
Skin rashÂ
ItchingÂ
Swelling Â
RareÂ
Black, tarry stoolsÂ
Bleeding gumsÂ
Blood in urine or stoolsÂ
DizzinessÂ
HeadacheÂ
Redspots on skinÂ
Unusual bleeding or bruising Â
Incidence unknownÂ
Bone painÂ
Lower back painÂ
Swollen jointsÂ
seizuresÂ
Black Box Warning:Â
It is recommended to keep this drug away from children or infants below 18 years of age due to its potential to cause bone developmental problems in young animals. Always wear protective clothing when going in the sunlight.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationsÂ
CautionsÂ
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy.Â
Breastfeeding warnings:Â Â
No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk.Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology:Â
cinoxacin is bactericidal that shows its activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase and after which it prevents DNA replication. It is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and microbes that are not susceptible.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
cinoxacin is a synthetic antimicrobial agent that is active against most gram positive and gram-negative bacteria shows its action by interfering with DNA replication by inhibiting DNA gyrase enzyme activity. This has efficacy for most urinary tract infections and has cross resistance with other drugs namely nalidixic acid.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
Rapid absorption after oral administration which is complete.Â
DistributionÂ
Protein-bound is more than 60%Â
MetabolismÂ
Metabolized hepatically with 30-40% of the drug is metabolized to inactive metabolites.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The half-life is 1.5 hours.Â
The drug is excreted renally with more than 95% of dose is found in urine in one day.Â
Administration:Â
cinoxacin oral capsule can be taken with or without food. It is recommended to maintain even times at day and night.
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: cinoxacinÂ
Pronounced: sih-NOX-uh-sinÂ
Why do we use cinoxacin?Â
cinoxacin is an antibacterial drug which is used to prevent and treat bacterial infections mainly recurrent urinary tract infections and bladder infections which is caused by susceptible bacteria such as E.coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris naming a few.Â
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