Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Suprane
Synonyms :
desflurane
Class :
General Anaesthetics, Inhalation
Brand Name :
Suprane
Synonyms :
desflurane
Class :
General Anaesthetics, Inhalation
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Inhalation solutionÂ
240ml (100%)Â
Induction dose- 3% inhalation, initially. Every two to three breaths, increase by 0.5 to 1%
Maintenance dose-with or without nitrous oxide, 2.5 to 8.5%
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Inhalation solutionÂ
240mlÂ
Indicated for the maintenance of anesthesia in babies and children who are tracheal intubated after desflurane-free induction:
Maintenance dose- with or without nitrous oxide, 5.2% to 10%
Indicated for the maintenance of anesthesia in babies and children who are tracheal intubated after desflurane-free induction:
Maintenance dose- with or without nitrous oxide, 5.2% to 10%
Refer adult dosingÂ
may increase the hypotensive effect of blood pressure-lowering agents
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may enhance the qtc interval when combined with lofexidine
QTc interval increases on taking desflurane and lenvatinib together. Avoid or take an alternate drug
when both drugs are combined, both increase the QTC interval   
both lapatinib and desflurane increase the QTc interval
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased QTC interval  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased QTC interval  
midostaurin and desflurane, when used simultaneously, increase the QTc level
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increase in the QTC interval
midostaurin and desflurane, when used simultaneously, increase the QTc level
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
CNS depressants increase the effect of paraldehyde
CNS depressants increase the effect of orphenadrine
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
desflurane together with cisapride lead to an elevation of the QTc interval
The potential for increased CNS depression risk or seriousness occurs when desflurane is used together with pinazepam
The potential for increased CNS depression risk or seriousness occurs when desflurane is used together with pipecuronium
When desflurane is used together with bromisoval, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When desflurane is used together with medazepam, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
The potential for CNS depression may enhanced when desflurane is used together with fencamfamin
When desflurane is used together with niaprazine, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When desflurane is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When chlordiazepoxide is used together with desflurane, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of CNS depression
When desflurane is used together with melitracen, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of CNS depression
When ponesimod is used together with desflurane, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of bradycardia
When desflurane is used together with adenosine, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of QTc prolongation
When desflurane is used together with givinostat, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of Qtc prolongation
When emylcamate is used together with desflurane, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of CNS depression
When acepromazine is used together with desflurane, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of CNS depression
CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of flunarizine
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Frequency definedÂ
>10%Â
Hypotension (8% geriatric patients)Â
Alteration in heart rate (greater than 1% )Â
Desaturation of bloodÂ
Laryngeal spasm Â
ApneaÂ
Interrupted breathingÂ
CoughÂ
Nausea Â
1-10%Â
Alteration in heart rate (>1% )Â
Heart failure, Hypertension (>1% )Â
ShockÂ
Tachycardia (>1% )Â
Headache (>1% )Â
Pharyngitis (>1% )Â
Hypotension (8% geriatric patients)Â
Bradyarrhythmia (>1% )Â
Malignant hypertensionÂ
Sinus arrhythmia (>1% )Â
Excessive salivation (>1% )Â
Delirium (>1%)Â Â
<1%Â
Cardiac dysrhythmiaÂ
HyperkalemiaÂ
Malignant hyperthermiaÂ
Hepatic necrosis, Hepatitis, Liver failureÂ
RhabdomyolysisÂ
Respiratory failureÂ
During inductionÂ
Cardiac arrestÂ
Perioperative (rare )Â
Pancreatitis, acuteÂ
SeizureÂ
NephrotoxicityÂ
Complications of anesthesia,Â
Torsades de pointesÂ
Post-marketing reportsÂ
Post-operative agitation in childrenÂ
Cardiac arrestÂ
Atrial fibrillationÂ
QTc prolongationÂ
Contraindications/caution:Â
Contraindications:Â
Caution:Â
Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data availableÂ
Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknownÂ
Pregnancy category:Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.  Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this categoryÂ
Pharmacology:Â
desflurane is a volatile liquid inhalational anesthetic used to induce and maintain general anesthesia during surgical procedures. The pharmacology of desflurane is characterized by its effects on the central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
The pharmacodynamics of desflurane refers to its effects on the body, particularly on the central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Â
Central Nervous System Effects:Â
Cardiovascular System Effects:Â
Respiratory System Effects:Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
desflurane is inhaled through a vaporizer and rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream via the lungs. The time to peak plasma concentration is short, usually within a few minutes of inhalation. Â
DistributionÂ
desflurane is highly lipophilic, which means it has a high affinity for fatty tissues. It is rapidly distributed throughout the body, with a large volume of distribution, which leads to a slower onset and offset of action. Desflurane also has a low blood-gas partition coefficient, which equilibrates more quickly with the alveolar gas, allowing for more rapid changes in the depth of anesthesia. Â
MetabolismÂ
desflurane is primarily metabolized in the liver, with only a tiny fraction (<0.02%) metabolized in the lungs. The main metabolic pathway is oxidative metabolism via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, primarily CYP2E1. The primary metabolite is inorganic fluoride, which is excreted in the urine. There is a minimal accumulation of desflurane or its metabolites after prolonged exposure.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
desflurane and its metabolites are eliminated primarily via the respiratory and urinary systems. Excretion via the respiratory system is the most significant route, with approximately 30-40% of the inhaled dose being excreted unchanged in the breath. The remaining fraction is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine as inorganic fluoride.Â
Administration:Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: desfluraneÂ
Pronunciation: [ DES-flure-ane ]Â
Why do we use desflurane?Â
desflurane is a potent inhaled anesthetic agent commonly used for general anesthesia during surgical procedures. It is beneficial for rapid induction and recovery due to its low blood-gas solubility and high vapor pressure. Here are some of the common uses of desflurane:Â
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