Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Oxilan
Synonyms :
ioxilan, Ioxilane, Ioxilanum
Class :
Iodinated Contrast Media; X-Ray Contrast Media; Water soluble, nephrotropic, low osmolar X-ray contrast media
Brand Name :
Oxilan
Synonyms :
ioxilan, Ioxilane, Ioxilanum
Class :
Iodinated Contrast Media; X-Ray Contrast Media; Water soluble, nephrotropic, low osmolar X-ray contrast media
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Injectable solutionÂ
350 mgl/mL (73%)Â
300 mgl/mL (62%)Â
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomographic (CECT) Imaging
The recommended dosage for CECT of the head, where 30–60 g iodine is indicated, involves intravenous administration of Oxilan 300 at 100–200 mL or Oxilan 350 at 86–172 mL, with a maximum limit of 200 mL
For CECT of the body, with 15–60 g iodine indicated, intravenous administration of Oxilan 300 ranges from 50–200 mL, while Oxilan 350 is administered at 43–172 mL, not exceeding 200 mL
Cerebral Arteriography
In cerebral arteriography, intra-arterial administration of Oxilan 350 is recommended. For the left and right coronary arteries, the dosage is 2–10 mL (0.7–3.5 g iodine), and for the left ventricle, it is 25–50 mL (8.75–17.5 g iodine)
The total intra-arterial administration should not exceed 150 mL
Safety and efficacy are not seen in pediatricsÂ
Refer to the adult dosingÂ
may increase the adverse effect of metformin
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with iodinated agents
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with iodinated agents
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with iodinated agents
the excretion rate of ioxilan may be decreased by abacavir, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
May have an increased hypersensitivity or allergic reactions when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with Iodinated Agents
ioxilan's excretion rate may be reduced by aceclofenac, leading to a higher serum level
the excretion rate of ioxilan may be decreased by acemetacin, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
ioxilan's excretion rate may be decreased by acetaminophen, causing a rise in serum level
acetazolamide may raise the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a lower serum level and a potential reduction in efficacy
the excretion rate of ioxilan may be decreased by acetylsalicylic acid, potentially resulting in a rise in serum level
aclidinium may lower the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a raised serum level
ioxilan may lower the excretion rate of acrivastine, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
the excretion rate of ioxilan may be decreased by acyclovir, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
ioxilan may decrease the excretion rate of warfarin, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
zaleplon may lower the excretion rate of ioxilan, which could result in a raised serum level
zanamivir may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tiopronin may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tiotropium may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tirofiban may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tixocortol may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
ioxilan may decrease the excretion rate of tobramycin, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
ioxilan may decrease the excretion rate of tocopherol, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tolazamide may lower the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tolbutamide may lower the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tolcapone may lower the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
tolfenamic acid may decrease the excretion rate of ioxilan, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
Iodinated Contrast Agents may increase the adverse/toxic effect of Metformin
they increase the toxicity of saxagliptin/metformin
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Actions:Â
Ioxilan is a tri-iodinated diagnostic contrast agent. When administered intravascularly, it induces opacification of vessels along the contrast medium’s flow path, permitting radiographic visualization of the human body’s internal architecture up until a considerable hemodilution takes place. Ioxilan functions as a radiographic contrast agent, with its mechanism of action attributed to its X-ray contrast activity.Â
Spectrum:Â
Ioxilan is a diagnostic radiopaque agent employed in coronary arteriography, cerebral arteriography, and visceral angiography, as well as left ventriculography, aortography, excretory urography, peripheral arteriography, and contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CECT) imaging of the head and body.Â
Frequency not definedÂ
Skin discoloration Â
Erythema Â
Pruritus Â
Urticaria Â
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)Â Â
Stevens-Johnson syndrome Â
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN)Â Â
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)Â
Black Box Warning:Â
Intrathecal use is contraindicated. Direct infusion is not intended for use with the pharmacy bulk package. The safety and efficacy of the product have not been established in patients below 18 years of age.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationsÂ
CautionsÂ
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy.Â
Breastfeeding warnings:Â Â
No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk.Â
Pregnancy category: BÂ
Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology:Â
Opacifies vessels along the contrast medium’s channel of flow, allowing for the radiographic imaging of interior structures until enough hemodilution takes place.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
The pharmacodynamics of ioxilan involves its role as a radiopaque contrast agent in diagnostic imaging. Critical elements of ioxilan’s pharmacodynamics comprise:Â Â
Contrast Enhancement: Ioxilan improves the visibility of blood vessels and specific tissues in imaging procedures like angiography and computed tomography (CT) scans. This enhancement is critical for a clearer view of anatomical structures. Â
Radiographic Opacification: As a tri-iodinated agent, ioxilan induces radiographic opacification, absorbing X-rays and resulting in heightened contrast in the generated images. This property facilitates the distinct delineation of internal structures. Â
Selective Opacification: Following intravascular injection, ioxilan selectively opacifies vessels and tissues in its flow path. This selectivity contributes to precise imaging of targeted areas.Â
Temporal Duration of Opacification: The opacification caused by ioxilan endures until significant hemodilution takes place, providing a temporal duration of visibility during imaging procedures. Â
Comprehending these pharmacodynamic aspects is imperative for the effective and targeted utilization of ioxilan in diagnostic radiology. Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
N/AÂ
DistributionÂ
Protein-bound is negligible.Â
The volume of distribution is 7-10 LÂ
MetabolismÂ
N/AÂ
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The half-life is 2-2.2 hours (men) and 1-1.7 hours (women).Â
The drug is excreted negligible in feces/bile and 93.7% in urine.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationsÂ
CautionsÂ
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: ioxilanÂ
Pronounced: eye-OX-i-lanÂ
Why do we use ioxilan?Â
Ioxilan serves as a contrast agent utilized in medical imaging, specifically in procedures like angiography and computed tomography (CT) scans. Its primary function is to improve the visibility of blood vessels and specific tissues during imaging. With iodine as a component, Ioxilan is radiopaque and absorbs X-rays, leading to enhanced contrast in the resulting images.
This heightened contrast facilitates healthcare professionals in achieving clearer visualization and assessment of the anatomy, structure, and function of blood vessels, organs, and other internal structures. Ioxilan proves valuable in diagnostic imaging, contributing to the diagnosis and evaluation of various medical conditions.Â
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