Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum 

Actions: 

manidipine exerts its effects by blocking calcium channels in the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. This action reduces calcium entry into these cells, leading to the relaxation of the blood vessel walls. As a result, blood vessels dilate (widen), which helps to lower blood pressure. 

Spectrum: 

manidipine is indicated for treating essential hypertension, which is high blood pressure without a known underlying cause. It can be used as monotherapy (as the sole medication) or in combination with other antihypertensive agents to achieve blood pressure control. 

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined 

increased micturition frequency 

lethargy 

palpitations 

GI disturbances 

ischaemic chest pain 

fever 

abnormal liver function 

gingival hyperplasia 

eye pain 

depression 

myocardial ischaemia 

transient blindness 

rashes 

myalgia 

impotence. 

Black Box Warning

Black Box Warning: 

None 

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindication/Caution: 

Contraindications: 

• Hypersensitivity 
• Pregnancy 
• Breastfeeding 
• Severe aortic stenosis 

Cautions: 

• Renal impairment 
• Hypotension 
• Liver impairment 
• Elderly patients 
• Diabetes 
• Interactions 

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:  

Utilize manidipine with caution during pregnancy. 

Breastfeeding warnings:  

Utilize manidipine with caution during lactation. 

Pregnancy category: 

Category A: Well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the initial or later trimester. 

<b>Category B: There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. 

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence, these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    

Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category. 

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:  

manidipine selectively blocks calcium channels, specifically the L-type calcium channels, found on the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. These channels regulate the entry of calcium ions into cells, which is crucial for muscle contraction. The result is vasodilation, where blood vessels widen, and their resistance to blood flow decreases. 

Pharmacodynamics: 

manidipine selectively blocks L-type calcium channels in the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. This inhibits the entry of calcium ions into these cells, preventing muscle contraction and resulting in the relaxation of the blood vessel walls. 

manidipine’s selectivity for vascular smooth muscle cells minimizes its impact on cardiac tissues. 

Pharmacokinetics: 

Absorption 

manidipine is administered orally, and its absorption occurs in the gastrointestinal tract. It’s absorbed relatively slowly from the digestive system, contributing to its prolonged action duration. 

Distribution 

Once absorbed, manidipine is distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. It binds to plasma proteins to varying degrees, affecting its availability for interactions and effects. 

Metabolism 

manidipine is metabolized in the liver through various metabolic pathways, including cytochrome P450 enzymes. The primary metabolite is inactive, and genetic and individual factors might influence the metabolism of manidipine. 

Elimination and Excretion 

Metabolites resulting from manidipine’s breakdown are primarily excreted in the urine and, minimally in the feces. The elimination half-life of manidipine, which is the time it takes for half of the drug to be cleared from the body, is relatively long. 

Adminstartion

Administration: 

manidipine is available in tablet form for oral administration. Tablets have various strengths, so your healthcare provider will calculate the appropriate dosage based on your medical condition and individual needs. 

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet 

Generic Name: manidipine 

Pronounced as: man-i-di-peen 

Why do we use manidipine? 

• Hypertension Control: manidipine is prescribed to lower elevated blood pressure. It relaxes the blood vessels, reducing peripheral resistance, and helps in efficient pumping of heart. 
• Vasodilation: By blocking calcium channels in blood vessel walls, manidipine causes vasodilation (widening blood vessels). This leads to decreased blood pressure due to reduced resistance to blood flow. 
• Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Treating hypertension with manidipine helps in reduction of risk of strokes and heart attacks associated with high blood pressure.