Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Interleukin 2, Proleukin
Synonyms :
aldesleukin
Class :
Biological Response Modifiers
Brand Name :
Interleukin 2, Proleukin
Synonyms :
aldesleukin
Class :
Biological Response Modifiers
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Powder for injectionÂ
22 million International Units/vialÂ
Indicated for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
6 lakh international units/Kg of body weight (0.037 mg/Kg) three times a day intravenously infused over 15 min for highest of 14 doses, after that 9 days rest period; after that highest of 14 extra doses
Retreatment: Assess after four weeks, preferable only if the tumor shrinkage occurs
Metastatic Melanoma
6 lakh international units/Kg of body weight (0.037 mg/Kg) three times a day intravenously infused over 15 min for highest of 14 doses, after that 9 days rest period; after that highest of 14 extra doses
Retreatment: Assess after four weeks, preferable only if the tumor shrinkage occurs
It is also indicated for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma as an orphan and also for primary immunodeficiency as an orphan
Safety and efficacy not establishedÂ
Refer to adult dosingÂ
it may increase the adverse effect when combined with aldesleukin
it may increase the adverse effect when combined with aldesleukin
it may increase the adverse effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the anti-neoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may decrease the anti-neoplastic effect of corticosteroids
sipuleucel-T: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of immunostimulants
leflunomide: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
denosumab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
baricitinib: they may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
myelosuppressive activities of lipegfilgrastim can increase if aldesleukin is used in combination
corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin
corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin
corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin
corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin
corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with aldesleukin
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
It may decrease the antineoplastic effect when combined with Corticosteroids
may decrease the anti-neoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may diminish the anti-neoplastic activity of corticosteroids
pramoxine /hydrocortisone topicalÂ
may decrease the anti-neoplastic effect
bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin B, and hydrocortisone topicalÂ
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
fusidic acid and betamethasoneÂ
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of corticosteroids
cladribine: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
deucravacitinib: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
immunostimulants: they may increase the toxic effect of nadofaragene firadenovec
natalizumab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
pimecrolimus: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
ruxolitinib: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
talimogene laherparepvec: they may increase the toxic effect of immunostimulants
tofacitinib: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
upadacitinib: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
antithymocyte globulin equineÂ
antithymocyte globulin: they may increase the toxic effect of immunostimulants
abrocitinib: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
yellow fever vaccine: they may increase the toxic effect of immunostimulants
betamethasone + salicylic acidÂ
may decrease the antineoplastic effect of Corticosteroids
May have an increased hypersensitivity or allergic reactions when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased hypersensitivity or allergic reactions when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased hypersensitivity or allergic reactions when combined with Iodinated Agents
May have an increased hypersensitivity or allergic reactions when combined with Iodinated Agents
meticrane has the potential to enhance the rate of excretion of aldesleukin; this can potentially lead to decreased levels of serum, possibly diminishing its effectiveness
It may enhance the risk of bleeding when combined with nimesulide
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ethylenimine
When alprazolam and aldesleukin is used together, this leads to reduction in the alprazolam’s metabolism
The potential for bleeding risk or its seriousness may elevate when aldesleukin is used together with troxerutin
When aldesleukin is used together with capsaicin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of methemoglobinemia
aldesleukin has the potential to reduce the excretion rate of deferiprone, leading to an increased level of serum
When andrographolide is used together with aldesleukin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of bleeding
aldesleukin: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
aldesleukin: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
aldesleukin: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
aldesleukin: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
aldesleukin: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
aldesleukin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of eucalyptus oil which leads to increased level of serum
cefpirome leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of aldesleukin which leads to increased level of serum
aldesleukin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of chromous sulfate, which leads to an increased level of serum
aldesleukin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of pentaerythritol tetranitrate, which leads to an increased level of serum
aldesleukin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of potassium acetate, which leads to an increased level of serum
aldesleukin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of estrone sulfate, which leads to an increased level of serum
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of iothalamic acid
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of isepamicin
aldesleukin: it may decrease the excretion rate of moxisylyte
imidazole salicylate may decrease the rate of aldesleukin excretion, which could result in an increased serum level
the threat or seriousness of adverse effects can be boosted when aldesleukin is combined with stepronin
aldesleukin: it may increase the risk of adverse with phentolamine
when both the drugs are combined, the risk or severity of adverse effects increases    
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects   
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects   
May enhances the effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism
may enhance the effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism
may increase the risk or severity of toxic effects when combined
brincidofovir: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of immunostimulants
inebilizumab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
ocrelizumab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
ofatumumab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
pidotimod: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of immunostimulants
ublituximab: they may increase the immunosuppressive effect of immunostimulants
It may diminish the metabolism when combined with nilvadipine
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with sodium
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with sodium
the risk of methemoglobinemia may be increased
the risk of methemoglobinemia may be increased
the risk of adverse effects may be increase
the risk of adverse effects may be increased
the rate of metabolism of methoxyflurane may be decreased
When aldesleukin is used together with lomitapide, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of lomitapide
aldesleukin might lead to a reduction in the rate of excretion of telavancin, potentially leading to elevated levels of serum
the activity of the anthrax vaccine can be reduced when used in combination with aldesleukin
Actions and Spectrum:Â
aldesleukin, also known as interleukin-2 (IL-2), is a cytokine that regulates the immune response. It is primarily used as a medication for certain types of cancer, such as metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma. Here’s some information on the action and spectrum of aldesleukin:Â
Action:Â
Spectrum:
aldesleukin has a broad spectrum of activity, mainly related to its immune-stimulating effects. It has been primarily used in treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma (skin cancer). However, its use is generally limited to patients with good performance status and specific clinical criteria, as it can cause significant side effects.Â
Frequency definedÂ
>10%Â
Stomatitis (22%)Â
Nausea (35%)Â
Dyspnea (43%)Â
Hypotension (71%)Â
Vomiting (50%)Â
Rash (42%)Â
Weight gain (16%)Â
Increased hepatic enzymes (10-23%)Â
Tachycardia (23%)Â
Malaise (27%)Â
Asthenia (23%)Â
Diarrhea (67%)Â
Hypocalcemia (11%)Â
Abdominal pain (11%)Â
Leukopenia (16%)Â
Increased creatinine (33%)Â
Chills (52%)Â
Acidosis (12%)Â
Edema (15%)Â
Anorexia (20%)Â
Somnolence (22%)Â
Oliguria (63%)Â
Anxiety (12%)Â
Respiratory/lung disorders (11-24%)Â
Supraventricular tachycardia (12%)Â
Fever (29%)Â
Confusion (34%)Â
Thrombocytopenia (37%)Â
Pain (12%)Â
Pruritus (24%)Â
Bilirubinemia (40%)Â
Nausea and vomiting (19%)Â
Dizziness (11%)Â
Infection (13%)Â
Exfoliative dermatitis (18%)Â
1-10%Â
Rhinitis (10%)Â
Arrhythmia (10%)Â
Black Box Warning:Â
aldesleukin (IL-2) does have a black box warning related to a severe adverse reaction called Capillary Leak Syndrome (CLS). The black box warning highlights the risk of CLS, which can be potentially life-threatening.Â
Capillary Leak Syndrome is characterized by increased capillary permeability, resulting in the leakage of fluid and proteins from the blood vessels into surrounding tissues. This can lead to fluid accumulation, low blood pressure, organ dysfunction, and potentially severe complications.Â
CLS can occur during or after treatment with aldesleukin and may manifest as symptoms such as edema (swelling), hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), and organ dysfunction. CLS can lead to respiratory distress, multiple organ failure, and death if left untreated.Â
Due to the seriousness of this adverse reaction, aldesleukin is typically administered under close medical supervision in specialized healthcare settings, such as intensive care units or oncology units, where appropriate monitoring and management of potential complications can be provided.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationÂ
aldesleukin (IL-2) has several contraindications, which are specific situations or conditions where medication use is not recommended due to potential risks or lack of efficacy. The contraindications associated with aldesleukin include:Â
CautionÂ
Specific cautions associated with aldesleukin include:Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
US FDA pregnancy category: Not assigned.Â
Lactation:  Â
Excreted into human milk is Not known.Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
aldesleukin (IL-2) is a recombinant form of interleukin-2, a cytokine that regulates the immune response. Here are critical aspects of the pharmacology of aldesleukin:Â
aldesleukin stimulates the immune system by binding to specific receptors, primarily the IL-2 receptor, present on the surface of various immune cells. This binding activates signaling pathways that leads to the differentiation, proliferation, and activation of immune cells such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. aldesleukin also promotes the production of other cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which have anti-tumor effects.Â
Immunostimulatory Effects: aldesleukin enhances the immune response against cancer cells. It increases the proliferation and activation of cytotoxic T cells, which can directly kill the tumor cells. It also promotes the expansion and activation of NK cells, which play a important role in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells. Additionally, aldesleukin increases the production of cytokines involved in immune responses.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Mechanism of action: aldesleukin, also known as recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2), exerts its pharmacological effects through its interaction with specific receptors and subsequent activation of immune cells. Here is an overview of the mechanism of action of aldesleukin:Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
aldesleukin is not administered orally but is given intravenously (IV). As a result, absorption is not applicable, as the medication is directly introduced into the bloodstream.Â
DistributionÂ
Following IV administration, aldesleukin distributes throughout the body. It can penetrate various tissues and cross the blood-brain barrier. It also binds to specific receptors on immune cells, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.Â
MetabolismÂ
aldesleukin is not significantly metabolized in the body. It undergoes minimal metabolism or biotransformation.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The primary route of excretion for aldesleukin is through the kidneys. It is eliminated from the body primarily unchanged in the urine. The relatively short half-life of aldesleukin, approximately 6-8 minutes, contributes to its rapid clearance from the bloodstream and subsequent excretion.Â
Administration:Â
Intravenous administrationÂ
aldesleukin (IL-2) is administered through intravenous (IV) infusion. The specific administration guidelines for aldesleukin may vary depending on the indication and the healthcare provider’s recommendations. Here are some general points regarding the administration of aldesleukin:Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: aldesleukinÂ
Pronounced: [ AL-des-LOO-kin ]Â
Why do we use aldesleukin?Â
aldesleukin, also known as interleukin-2 (IL-2), is primarily used to treat certain types of cancer. The approved uses of aldesleukin include:Â
It’s important to note that aldesleukin is a potent immunostimulatory medication associated with significant side effects. Due to the availability of newer targeted therapies and immunotherapies with improved safety profiles and efficacy, aldesleukin has declined recently. Treatment decisions are based on individual patient factors, including the stage and characteristics of the cancer, overall health status, and treatment goals.Â
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