amlodipine/olmesartan

medtigo

amlodipine/olmesartan

Brand Name :

Azor

Synonyms :

amlodipine/olmesartan

Class :

Angiotensin receptor II blocker, Calcium channel blocker

Action and Spectrum

Mechanism of action

amlodipine works by blocking calcium channels in blood vessels, which reduces the amount of calcium entering the smooth muscle cells, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). This reduces the resistance in the blood vessels and allows for increased blood flow, resulting in lower blood pressure. olmesartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes vasoconstriction (narrowing blood vessels) and increases blood pressure.

By blocking this hormone, olmesartan allows blood vessels to relax, lowering blood pressure. amlodipine/olmesartan work synergistically to lower blood pressure by increasing blood flow and reducing resistance in the blood vessels

Spectrum

amlodipine/olmesartan has a broad spectrum of activity and is effective in treating high blood pressure in many patient populations, including those with mild to severe hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined:

10%

Peripheral edema (11%)

Frequency undefined:

Nocturia

Orthostatic hypotension

rash

palpitation

urinary frequency

pruritis

Post-marketing reports

Anaphylactic reactions

Diarrhea

Jaundice

Extrapyramidal syndrome

Acute renal failure

Angioedema

Hepatic enzyme elevations

Rhabdomyolysis

Increased blood creatinine levels

Black Box Warning

Black box warning

Drugs that have an immediate effect on the renin-angiotensin system can harm or even kill a growing baby. If pregnancy is found, stop taking the medication as soon as possible

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity: This medication is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to amlodipine, olmesartan, or any of its inactive ingredients.
Severe renal impairment: amlodipine/olmesartan is not recommended for patients with severe renal impairment, as its safety and efficacy have not been established in this population.
Severe hepatic impairment: amlodipine/olmesartan is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment, as its safety and efficacy have not been established in this population.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: amlodipine/olmesartan should not be used during pregnancy or breast-feeding due to potential harm to the fetus or infant.
Children: The safety and efficacy of amlodipine/olmesartan in children under 18 years of age have not been established, and therefore its use is not recommended in this population

Caution

Hypotension: amlodipine/olmesartan can cause hypotension, or low blood pressure, especially in dehydrated patients with volume depletion or taking other medications that lower blood pressure. Patients should be monitored for signs of hypotension, such as dizziness or lightheadedness
Renal impairment: amlodipine/olmesartan can worsen renal function in patients with preexisting renal impairment. Patients with renal impairment should be monitored closely for changes in renal function while taking this medication
Hyperkalemia: olmesartan, one of the components of amlodipine/olmesartan, can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) in some patients, particularly in those with renal impairment or taking other medications that increase potassium levels. Patients should be monitored for signs of hyperkalemia, such as weakness, fatigue, or palpitations
Angioedema: amlodipine/olmesartan has been associated with angioedema, a severe allergic reaction that can cause swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Patients should be advised to seek immediate medical attention if they experience any signs of angioedema
Hepatic impairment: amlodipine/olmesartan should be used with caution in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment, as the safety and efficacy of this medication have not been established in this population
Diabetes: amlodipine/olmesartan can affect blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetes should be monitored closely for changes in blood glucose levels while taking this medication

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration:

It should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential harm to the fetus or infant

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

amlodipine and olmesartan are two drugs commonly used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). In other cardiovascular conditions, amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that relaxes the blood vessels, reduces the heart’s workload, and improves blood flow. By blocking the influx of calcium ions into the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, it reduces the contraction of the smooth muscle cells. It leads to vasodilation

olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that works by blocking the action of angiotensin II. This hormone causes blood vessels to narrow and blood pressure to increase. By blocking the action of angiotensin II, olmesartan causes blood vessels to dilate, which reduces blood pressure

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of amlodipine and olmesartan is affected by individual patient factors, such as age, kidney and liver function, and other medications taken concurrently. amlodipine and olmesartan have a complementary effect on blood pressure by targeting different pathways. amlodipine reduces peripheral vascular resistance through calcium channel blockade, while olmesartan inhibits the vasoconstrictive effects of angiotensin II. This combination of drugs leads to a more significant blood pressure reduction than either drug alone.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

amlodipine and olmesartan are taken orally and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. amlodipine is rapidly absorbed, with a peak plasma concentration reached within 6 to 12 hours of dosing. olmesartan is also well absorbed, with a peak plasma concentration reached within 2 to 4 hours of dosing

Distribution

Both drugs are extensively distributed throughout the body, with amlodipine binding firmly to plasma proteins (approximately 93%) and olmesartan binding weakly to plasma proteins (approximately 99%). Both drugs cross the blood-brain barrier, but the extent of penetration into the central nervous system is not well understood

Metabolism

the liver primarily metabolizes amlodipine into inactive metabolites excreted in the urine. Olmesartan is also primarily metabolized by the liver into inactive metabolites, with no significant active metabolites identified. Both drugs are primarily metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, particularly the CYP3A4 isozyme

Elimination/Excretion

amlodipine and olmesartan are primarily eliminated by the kidneys, with approximately 60% to 80% of each drug excreted in the urine. The remaining fraction of each drug is excreted in the feces. The elimination half-life of amlodipine is approximately 30 to 50 hours, while the half-life of olmesartan is approximately 12 to 16 hours

Adminstartion

Administration

amlodipine and olmesartan are usually administered together as a single medication, often in tablet form, to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. The medication can be taken with or without food and should be taken each day simultaneously.

The dosage of amlodipine and olmesartan will depend on the patient’s needs, as determined by a healthcare provider. Typically, the starting dose for adults is one tablet of 5 mg/20 mg once daily. The dosage can be increased if needed but should be at most 10 mg/40 mg daily.

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: amlodipine/olmesartan

Pronounced: [ am-LOE-de-peen-ol-me-SAR-tan ]

Why do we use amlodipine/olmesartan?

amlodipine and olmesartan are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and related conditions. Here are some of the specific uses of amlodipine and Olmesartan:

Hypertension: amlodipine and olmesartan are used to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of hypertension-related complications, such as heart attacks, strokes, and kidney damage

Angina: amlodipine is also used to treat chronic stable angina (chest pain), as it can improve blood flow to the heart and reduce the frequency and severity of angina episodes

Cardiovascular protection: amlodipine and olmesartan may also be used to protect the heart and blood vessels from damage caused by conditions such as diabetes and atherosclerosis

Renal protection: amlodipine and olmesartan have been shown to slow the progression of kidney disease in patients with hypertension and diabetes

amlodipine/olmesartan

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

amlodipine/olmesartan

&

amlodipine/olmesartan +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

amlodipine/olmesartan

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

amlodipine/olmesartan

&

amlodipine/olmesartan +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

medtigo

amlodipine/olmesartan

Brand Name :

Synonyms :

Class :

Action and Spectrum

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet

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