Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Neo-Mercazole
Synonyms :
Athyromazole, Carbethoxymethimazole, Carbimazol, carbimazole, Carbimazolo, Carbimazolum, Carbinazole
Class :
Hormonal agent, Antithyroid agent, Thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitor, Sulfur-containing imidazole derivatives
Brand Name :
Neo-Mercazole
Synonyms :
Athyromazole, Carbethoxymethimazole, Carbimazol, carbimazole, Carbimazolo, Carbimazolum, Carbinazole
Class :
Hormonal agent, Antithyroid agent, Thyroid hormone synthesis inhibitor, Sulfur-containing imidazole derivatives
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
5 mgÂ
10 mgÂ
15 mgÂ
20 mgÂ
Hyperthyroidism And ThyrotoxicosisÂ
The hyperactive thyroid gland, or hyperthyroidism, is treated with it. Before thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine therapy, it is also used to alleviate the symptoms of hyperthyroidism
This medication functions by reducing the synthesis of thyroxine
First, titrate the dosage against thyroid function until euthyroidism is attained (15–60 mg via oral administration per day in two–three separate doses)
Maintenance: To maintain a euthyroid condition, take 5–15 mg daily (this can be taken in one dose if necessary)
Initial blocking-replacement dosage: 20–60 mg taken once a day along with levothyroxine. Duration of treatment: 6–18 months
Dose Adjustments
Limited data is available
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
5 mgÂ
10 mgÂ
15 mgÂ
20 mgÂ
Hyperthyroidism And ThyrotoxicosisÂ
Use in kids and teenagers (3 to 17 years old)
The initial daily dosage is typically 15 mg, with adjustments made based on response
Use in young children (two years and under)
It's safety and effectiveness in children under the age of two have not been thoroughly studied. For children under two years old, it is not advised to use this medication
Dose Adjustments
N/A
Refer to the adult dosingÂ
may decrease the diagnostic effect when combined with metyrapone
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131 iodinated contrast agents
they decrease the efficacy of sodium iodide I-131
may have an increased risk of rhabdomyolysis & myoglobinuria when combined with carbimazole
may diminish the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonist
may diminish the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonist
may diminish the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonist
may diminish the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonist
may diminish the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonist
May increase the anti-coagulant action when combined
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may increase the serum concentration of cardiac glycosides
may reduce the anticoagulant effect
may reduce the anticoagulant effect
may reduce the anticoagulant effect
may reduce the anticoagulant effect
may reduce the anticoagulant effect
the risk or severity of myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria can increase when carbimazole is combined with alendronic acid
the anticoagulant activities of abciximab may be increased by carbimazole
when used in combination with acalabrutinib, the therapeutic efficacy of carbimazole can be decreased
combining acebutolol with carbimazole may increase the risk or severity of adverse effects
carbimazole may increase the anticoagulant activities of acenocoumarol
combining bumetanide with carbimazole may increase the risk or severity of myoglobinuria, myopathy, or rhabdomyolysis
when combined with carbimazole, the risk or severity of cardiac arrhythmia can be increased
the therapeutic efficacy of carbimazole can be decreased when used in combination with cabozantinib
carbimazole may reduce the excretion rate of caffeine, potentially leading to a higher serum level
ximelagatran (investigational)Â
carbimazole may enhance the anticoagulant activities of ximelagatran
combining zidovudine with carbimazole may increase the risk or severity of myoglobinuria, myopathy, or rhabdomyolysis
the therapeutic efficacy of carbimazole can be diminished when used in combination with zimelidine
carbimazole: it may decrease the excretion rate of bamifylline
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Mycolic acid inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
when used in combination with carbimazole, the therapeutic efficacy of acetohexamide can be decreased
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Actions:Â
This medication is commonly employed for hyperthyroidism treatment. Following absorption, the medication converts into methimazole, contributing to its antithyroid properties. It reduces the thyroid gland’s uptake of inorganic iodine.Â
Spectrum:Â
Carbimazole’s range of action encompasses its capacity to impede the synthesis of thyroid hormones, diminish the thyroid gland’s absorption of inorganic iodine, and effectively address hyperthyroidism by restoring thyroid hormone levels to a more balanced state.Â
Frequency not definedÂ
UrticariaÂ
HeadacheÂ
RashÂ
Hair lossÂ
RashÂ
NeuritisÂ
Stevens-Johnson syndromeÂ
HypothrombinaemiaÂ
PancytopeniaÂ
NauseaÂ
Loss of sense of tasteÂ
Abnormal LFTÂ
MyopathyÂ
PolyneuropathyÂ
AgranulocytosisÂ
Erythema nodosumÂ
Acute pancreatitisÂ
Aplastic anemiaÂ
Acute salivary gland swellingÂ
FeverÂ
ArthralgiaÂ
MalaiseÂ
DermatomyositisÂ
Severe dermatologic reactionsÂ
ThrombocytopeniaÂ
Hemolytic anemiaÂ
Insulin autoimmune syndromeÂ
Bone marrow depressionÂ
Hepatic reactionsÂ
Mild GI disturbancesÂ
Multisystem hypersensitivity reactionsÂ
AngioedemaÂ
Black Box Warning:Â
If you get any of the following negative effects, stop taking carbimazole and visit a doctor right away:Â
Any illness, like a mouth ulcer or sore throatÂ
The following symptoms may indicate an infection: fever, unusual bleeding or bruising, unusual fatigue, or overall malaise.Â
Prior to resuming medication, your doctor might need to do certain tests to rule out “bone marrow depression.”Â
When prescribing carbimazole tablets to individuals with mild-to-moderate liver impairment, caution should be exercised. If aberrant liver function is found, the course of treatment needs to end. The liver disease may cause the half-life to be extended. Â
When receiving radio-iodine, carbimazole should be momentarily halted (to prevent thyroid crisis). Â
Carbimazole should not be administered to patients who are unable to follow usage instructions or who are unable to receive routine monitoring.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationsÂ
CautionsÂ
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
Only after a rigorous individual benefit/risk assessment and at the lowest feasible dose without the need for supplemental thyroid hormone treatment may carbimazole be given during pregnancy. When using carbimazole during pregnancy, it is advised to closely monitor the mother, foetus, and newborn.
Breastfeeding warnings:Â Â
Since carbimazole is secreted in breast milk, the patient should stop nursing her child if medication is continued while she is nursing.Â
Pregnancy category: DÂ
Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology:Â
Thionamide carbimazole is a prodrug that is rapidly and almost entirely metabolized to thiamazole, or methimazole, the active metabolite. It is thought that the mechanism of action involves blocking iodide organification and iodothyronine residue coupling, which in turn inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
The antithyroid effect of carbimazole, a prodrug, is attributed to its metabolism into thiamazole, also called methimazole. It prevents iodide from being organized and iodothyronine residues from coupling, which suppresses the production of thyroid hormones.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
Rapid absorption from the digestive system. The time to achieve peak effect is 1-2 hoursÂ
DistributionÂ
Protein-bound is 85%Â
The volume of distribution of carbimazole is 0.5 L/kgÂ
MetabolismÂ
Enterohepatic recirculation occurs as thiamazole, an active metabolite, is swiftly and thoroughly metabolized in the liver.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The half-life is 5.3-5.4 hoursÂ
The drug is excreted 10% in feces and 90% in urine.Â
Administration:Â
Carbimazole is typically administered orally in the form of tablets, with the healthcare provider determining the frequency, often once or twice daily. Whether taken with or without food, maintaining consistency in the timing of administration is essential for sustaining a consistent medication level in the body.
Strict adherence to the prescribed dosage and schedule is crucial, as altering the regimen or missing doses without professional consultation may impact treatment effectiveness. The duration of carbimazole treatment varies based on individual response and the underlying thyroid condition. Healthcare providers typically prescribe it for a defined period, and decisions regarding continuation or discontinuation are guided by the healthcare provider.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: carbimazoleÂ
Pronounced: car-bi-MA-zoleÂ
Why do we use carbimazole?Â
Carbimazole is predominantly prescribed for the management of hyperthyroidism. Its mechanism involves inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones, thereby assisting in the regulation of their levels within the body.
Hyperthyroidism manifests with symptoms like a rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness, and carbimazole is frequently recommended to alleviate these manifestations and restore a balanced thyroid hormone profile.
Its inclusion in the treatment plan for individuals with hyperthyroidism is a common practice, with healthcare professionals determining its usage based on the specific needs of each patient.Â
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