A Game-Changer for Diabetes: Polymer Delivers Insulin Painlessly Through Skin
November 25, 2025
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Brand Name :
Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka
Synonyms :
duloxetine
Class :
Antidepressants and SNRI
Brand Name :
Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka
Synonyms :
duloxetine
Class :
Antidepressants and SNRI
Dosage Forms & Strengths Â
Capsule, delayed release  Â
20mg  Â
30mg  Â
40mg Â
60mg  Â
Indicated for major depressive disorder (MDD) :
40-60 mg orally daily 1 week
Initially start with 30 mg daily 1 week for adjustment before going with 60 mg
There is no evidence that doses > 60 mg/day confer additional benefit
60 mg orally daily
Do not exceed 60 mg a day
Note:
Indicated for diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain
Dosage Forms & Strengths Â
Capsule, delayed release  Â
20mg  Â
30mg  Â
40mg Â
60mg  Â
40-60 mg orally daily 1 week
Initially start with 30 mg daily 1 week for adjustment before going with 60 mg
There is no evidence that doses > 60 mg/day confer additional benefit
60 mg orally daily
Do not exceed 60 mg a day
Note:
Indicated for diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain
Refer to adult dosingÂ
may have an increased tachycardic effect when combined with Alpha-/Beta-Agonists
may have an increased tachycardic effect when combined with alpha-/beta-agonists
may have an increased tachycardic effect when combined with alpha-/beta-agonists
May have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
may increase the tachycardic effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists
duloxetine: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP1A2 Inhibitors
duloxetine: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP1A2 Inhibitors
duloxetine: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP1A2 Inhibitors
duloxetine: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP1A2 Inhibitors
duloxetine: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP1A2 Inhibitors
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with radiopharmaceutical iobenguane products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with radiopharmaceutical iobenguane products
it increases the effect of serotonergic agents
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
may have an increased risk of hypoglycemia when combined with duloxetine
may have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
may have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
may have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
may have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
may have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with iobenguane radiopharmaceutical products
by altering intestinal/hepatic CYP 1A2 metabolism, the activity of duloxetine can be reduced by butabarbital
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
antihypertensive agents include the efficacy of duloxetine
antihypertensive agents include the efficacy of duloxetine
antihypertensive agents include the efficacy of duloxetine
antihypertensive agents include the efficacy of duloxetine
antihypertensive agents include the efficacy of duloxetine
hypotensive agents increase the efficacy of duloxetine
hypotensive agents increase the efficacy of duloxetine
hypotensive agents increase the efficacy of duloxetine
hypotensive agents increase the efficacy of duloxetine
hypotensive agents increase the efficacy of duloxetine
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Alpha2-Agonists
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Alpha2-Agonists
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Alpha2-Agonists
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Alpha2-Agonists
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Alpha2-Agonists
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
It may reduce the effects when combined with pleurisy root by unspecified interactions mechanism
duloxetine: may enhance the hypotensive effect when combined with blood viscosity-reducing agents
duloxetine: may enhance the hypotensive effect when combined with blood viscosity-reducing agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with duloxetine
It may enhance the levels when combined with tamsulosin by affecting CYP2D6 metabolism
duloxetine has the potential to reduce the rate of excretion of idebenone, leading to an elevation in levels of serum
When encainide is used together with duloxetine, this leads to a reduction in the encainide’s metabolism
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products
CYP1A2 inhibitors increase the concentration of duloxetine in serum
may increase the level by affecting the hepatic enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with Aspirin
may have an increased CNS depressant effect when combined with Brexanolone
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
May have an increased serotonergic effect when combined with Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
an alteration in the therapeutic activity of either of the drugs may be seen
Frequency Defined Â
>10% Â
Dry mouth (13-15%) Â
Nausea (23-25%) Â
Headache (13-14%) Â
Fatigue (9-11%) Â
Somnolence (10-12%) Â
1-10% Â
Insomnia (9-10%) Â
Dizziness (9-10%) Â
Diarrhea (9-10%) Â
Decreased appetite (7-8%) Â
Anorexia (8%) Â
Abdominal pain (4-6%) Â
Constipation (9-10%) Â
Nasopharyngitis (5%) Â
Hyperhidrosis (6%) Â
Agitation (5%) Â
Vomiting (3-5%) Â
Erectile dysfunction (4%) Â
Male sexual dysfunction (2-5%) Â
Decreased libido (4%) Â
Decreased libido (3-4%) Â
Musculoskeletal pain (4%)
Pregnancy warnings:    Â
US FDA pregnancy category: N/AÂ
Lactation:  Â
Excreted into human milk is known Â
Pregnancy Categories:        Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.   Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.  Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.    Â
Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.    Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.    Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this categoryÂ
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: duloxetineÂ
Why do we use duloxetine?Â
Duloxetine is a type of medication known as a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). It is used to treat a variety of conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), diabetic peripheral neuropathy/neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and chronic musculoskeletal pain.Â
In the case of MDD, GAD, and fibromyalgia, duloxetine works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters that help regulate mood and emotions, in the brain. This can help reduce the symptoms of these conditions, such as feelings of sadness, worry, or pain.Â
In the case of diabetic peripheral neuropathy/neuropathic pain and chronic musculoskeletal pain, duloxetine may work by reducing the transmission of pain signals in the brain and spinal cord. This can help reduce the severity of pain and improve function.Â
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