A Framework for Fitness-for-Purpose and Reuse in Computational Phenotyping
November 17, 2025
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Brand Name :
Levopride, Lesuride
Synonyms :
levosulpiride
Class :
Atypical antipsychotics
Brand Name :
Levopride, Lesuride
Synonyms :
levosulpiride
Class :
Atypical antipsychotics
Dosage forms and strengths
Oral Tablet
25 mg
Administer 1200 mg two times daily has been recommended for individuals experiencing positive symptoms
Administer 800 mg two times daily has been recommended for individuals experiencing negative symptoms
Not indicated
Refer adult dosing
levosulpiride: they may increase the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents
levosulpiride: they may increase the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents
levosulpiride: they may increase the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents
levosulpiride: they may increase the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents
levosulpiride: they may increase the bradycardic effect of Bradycardia-Causing Agents
levosulpiride: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
levosulpiride: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
levosulpiride: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
levosulpiride: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
levosulpiride: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
Loop Diuretics have the potential to increase the toxic or harmful impact of levosulpiride
Loop Diuretics have the potential to increase the toxic or harmful impact of levosulpiride
Loop Diuretics have the potential to increase the toxic or harmful impact of levosulpiride
levosulpiride: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
levosulpiride: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
levosulpiride: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
levosulpiride: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
levosulpiride: they may increase the hypertensive effect of sympathomimetics
When acetazolamide is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When amobarbital is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When apomorphine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When articaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When asenapine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When atracurium is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When benperidol is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When benzocaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When brexanolone is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When brivaracetam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When bromazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When brompheniramine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When bupivacaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When bupropion is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When butabarbital is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When butalbital is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When carbamazepine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When chloroprocaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When chlorpheniramine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When chlorpromazine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When cisapride is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When clemastine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When clonazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When clotiazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When clozapine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When cyclizine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When dantrolene is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When desflurane is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When dexbrompheniramine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When diazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When dihydrocodeine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When dolasetron is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When donepezil is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When dyclonine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When estazolam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When ethosuximide is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When felbamate is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When fenfluramine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When flibanserin is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When flunarizine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When flurazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When fosphenytoin is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When gabapentin is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When halazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When haloperidol is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When halothane is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When isoflurane is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When ketamine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When ketazolam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When lamotrigine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When levetiracetam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When levobupivacaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When levocetirizine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When lidocaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When lisuride is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When lorazepam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When loxapine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When meclizine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When melatonin is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When mepivacaine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When acetophenazine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When agomelatine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When alfentanil is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When alimemazine is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When alosetron is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
When alprazolam is used together with levosulpiride, the risk or seriousness of CNS depression is enhanced
Actions and Spectrum:
Action:
Gastrointestinal Disorders: levosulpiride is often prescribed for gastrointestinal disorders such as dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and functional dyspepsia. It helps by improving gastrointestinal motility and reducing symptoms like bloating, abdominal pain, and nausea. Its prokinetic action enhances the movement of food through the digestive tract.
Psychiatric Disorders: In some cases, levosulpiride is an adjunctive therapy for specific psychiatric disorders, particularly in treating depression and anxiety. Its action on dopamine receptors in the brain can have mood-stabilizing effects. However, it is not typically considered a first-line treatment for psychiatric conditions, and its use in this context may vary by region and healthcare provider.
Spectrum:
Dyspepsia: levosulpiride is often prescribed to relieve symptoms of dyspepsia, which include indigestion, bloating, early satiety, and abdominal discomfort.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: It may be used to manage symptoms associated with GERD, such as heartburn and regurgitation.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome: levosulpiride can be considered in managing IBS, mainly when symptoms are related to abnormal gastrointestinal motility.
Headache
Sleep disturbance
Agitation
Gynecomastia
Tardive dyskinesia
Overstimulation
Hypotension
Galactorrhea
Sedation
Black Box Warning:
None
Contraindication/Caution:
Hypersensitivity: levosulpiride should not be used in individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to levosulpiride or its components.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Obstruction: levosulpiride should be avoided in patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding or obstruction, as it may exacerbate these conditions.
Cardiac Disorders: levosulpiride can prolong the QT interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG), which may lead to cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it should be avoided in patients with significant cardiac arrhythmias or other severe heart conditions.
Renal Impairment: Individuals who have significant renal impairment should exercise caution when utilizing levosulpiride, as its elimination from the body may be delayed, potentially leading to an accumulation of the drug.
Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of levosulpiride during pregnancy and lactation is not well-established. It should be used cautiously and only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Seeking guidance from a medical professional is crucial in such situations.
Pediatric Population: levosulpiride’s safety and efficacy in children and adolescents are not well-established, and it is generally not recommended for use in this age group.
Pregnancy warnings:Â Â Â
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation:Â Excreted into human milk is unknown
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A:Â Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.
Category C:Â there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D:Â adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X:Â Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N:Â There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:
levosulpiride is a medication primarily used to manage various gastrointestinal and psychiatric conditions.
Pharmacodynamics:
Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonist: levosulpiride primarily acts as a selective antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors in the central nervous system. By blocking these receptors, it exerts its antipsychotic effects, making it useful in the treatment of certain psychiatric disorders.
Gastrointestinal Prokinetic Agent: levosulpiride also has prokinetic properties. It enhances the release of acetylcholine in the gastrointestinal tract, stimulating peristalsis and increasing the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter. This makes it effective in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and functional dyspepsia.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
levosulpiride exhibits efficient oral absorption, attaining its peak plasma concentrations within a time of 1 to 2 hours following oral administration.
Distribution
It has a relatively high volume of distribution, indicating that it distributes well throughout the body.
Metabolism
levosulpiride is primarily metabolized in the liver, with some of its metabolites being pharmacologically active.
Excretion and Elimination
The drug, along with its metabolites, is primarily eliminated through urinary excretion, exhibiting a half-life ranging from approximately 6 to 8 hours.
Administration:Â
The route of administration is oral. levosulpiride is usually taken before meals. Follow your doctor’s instructions regarding the timing of your doses. Taking it before meals may help improve its effectiveness in treating gastrointestinal conditions.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: levosulpiride
Why do we use levosulpiride?
Gastrointestinal Disorders:
Gastroparesis: levosulpiride is often prescribed to manage gastroparesis. It helps improve gastric motility and reduce symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and bloating.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): In some cases, levosulpiride may be used to alleviate symptoms of IBS, especially when there is a significant component of abdominal pain and discomfort.
Functional Dyspepsia: levosulpiride can be used to treat functional dyspepsia. It helps by reducing the symptoms of fullness, early satiety, and bloating.
Psychiatric Disorders:
Depressive Disorders: levosulpiride may be prescribed as an adjunctive treatment for depressive disorders, particularly when there are associated gastrointestinal symptoms.
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