Fame and Mortality: Evidence from a Retrospective Analysis of Singers
November 26, 2025
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Brand Name :
Ovide
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
malathionÂ
Class :
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and irreversible anticholinesterases
Brand Name :
Ovide
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
malathionÂ
Class :
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and irreversible anticholinesterases
Dosage Forms & Strengths  Â
lotion  Â
0.5%  Â
Dosage Forms & Strengths  Â
lotion  Â
0.5%  Â
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic effect
may increase the neurotoxic (central) effect
may increase the neurotoxic (central) effect
may increase the neurotoxic (central) effect
may increase the neurotoxic (central) effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may increase the bradycardic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
May diminish the therapeutic effect of Anticholinergic Agents
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
may decrease the therapeutic effect of Anticholinergic Agents
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the risk of adverse effect
may enhance the risk of adverse effect
may enhance the risk of adverse effect
may enhance the risk of adverse effect
may enhance the risk of adverse effect
may decrease the therapeutic effect of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with coronary vasodilators
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with coronary vasodilators
Action and SpectrumÂ
It is a non-systemic insecticide belonging to the organophosphate class that affects broad- spectrum with eukaryotic organisms through altering the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Though classified as hazardous to specific aquatic life, it is relatively less hazardous to birds and mammals. The main products include both mono- and di-carboxylic acid conjugates while the sulfoxide metabolite malaoxon is much less abundant but far more toxic than the parent compound. Â
Malaoxon inhibits cholinesterase at a much higher rate compared to parathion. Cholinesterase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid; this is an essential process that enables neurons to reverse their function after activation. Inhibition of cholinesterase activity by such chemicals causes severe neurotoxic effects which lead to muscle contractions and ultimately death.Â
Frequency Not Defined  Â
Skin and scalp irritation Â
Conjunctivitis, accidental contact with eyes  Â
Bronchospasm   Â
Stinging sensation Â
Contact hypersensitivity reaction Â
Chemical burns, including second-degree burns Â
Pregnancy/Lactation Â
Pregnancy warnings:    There was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Pregnancy Category: BÂ
Breastfeeding warnings: The release of the drug into the human breastmilk is unknown  Â
Pregnancy Categories:      Â
PharmacologyÂ
It is a non-systemic organophosphate insecticide of the phosphate ester class that affects the cholinesterase enzyme, causing a build-up of acetylcholine. This over stimulation of nerves leads to paralysis and death of the insects affected by the toxin. Aquatic organisms can be harmful to them, but it has low acute toxicity to birds and mammals. Metabolites of Malathion are mainly the mono- and di-carboxylic acid conjugates and a small amount of Malaoxon which is far more potent in cholinesterase inhibition than Malathion.Â
PharmacodynamicsÂ
Malathion belongs to the organophosphate family of insecticides mainly used to control mosquitoes and other flying insects. It is also used in medicine for the treatment of head lice. The primary toxicological effect associated with malathion is the cholinesterase inhibition, primarily because of the malaoxon and phosphorus thionate components.Â
PharmacokineticsÂ
Absorption
Malathion when applied dermally in acetone solution was found to penetrate the skin and reach 8% of the amount of the dose that was given. It is important to know that absorption can also be higher when the skin is damaged. It is also rapidly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, mucous membrane and through the respiratory system.
Distribution
Information regarding the volume of distribution and protein binding is yet to be determined.Â
Metabolism
It is mainly metabolite in malathion dicarboxylic acid (DCA) and malathion monocarboxylic acid (MCA). Malaoxon, which is a minor metabolite possesses the active form that suppresses the cholinesterase enzyme. Malathion and malaoxon are the only two organophosphates primarily metabolized by carboxyesterases into polar water-soluble metabolizer.
Elimination/Excretion
These metabolites are quickly removed from the body through the kidneys and directly into the urine, and unlike most insecticides, malathion does not concentrate in the tissues or organs.
Half-life: 8-24 hoursÂ
AdministrationÂ
It is administered topically in the form of lotionÂ
Patient Information Leaflet Â
Generic Name: malathion  Â
Pronounciation: mal-uh-THIGH-on Â
Why do we use malathion? Â
malathion belongs to the class of organophosphates used to treat head lice.
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