Methotrexate

Brand Name :

Jylamvo

(United States) [Available] ,

Otrexup

(United States) [Available] ,

Rasuvo

(United States) [Available] ,

Xatmep

(United States) [Available]
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Brand Name :

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Synonyms :

Methotrexate

Class :

Anticancer: antimetabolites: folate antagonists

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No data available for drug.

Methotrexate works through multiple mechanisms, making it versatile for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases. In cancer therapy, it functions as an antifolate antimetabolite. It enters cells via folate transporters and converts into methotrexate-polyglutamate, which blocks dihydrofolate reductase—an enzyme needed to produce tetrahydrofolate, essential for DNA and RNA nucleotide synthesis. It also inhibits enzymes involved in purine and thymidylate synthesis, disrupting DNA production and causing cancer cell death. 

For autoimmune conditions, methotrexate acts differently by inhibiting AICAR transformylase, leading to increased adenosine levels. This suppresses immune cell activity, reducing inflammation by downregulating T-cell and B-cell responses and interfering with inflammatory signalling pathways like interleukin-1β. These combined effects contribute to its anti-inflammatory properties. 

DRUG INTERACTION

Methotrexate

&

  • Pembrolizumab / Berahyaluronidase
  • Bumetanide Intranasal
  • Gemcitabine intravesical
  • Rilzabrutinib
  • Zopapogene
  • Aceclidine
  • aluminium hydroxide
  • benzralizumab (Rx)
  • Rituximab
  • Trimetrexate Glucuronate
  • Mirdametinib
  • Suzetrigine
  • Potassium acid phosphate
  • Acellular Tissue Engineered Vessel
  • crinecerfont (pending approval from FDA)
  • Revumenib
  • pembrolizumab (Rx)
  • azathioprine (Rx)
  • Gemcitabine (Rx)
  • Seladelpar
  • Atezolizumab / Hyaluronidase-tqjs
  • Axatilimab-csfr
  • Afamitresgene Autoleucel
  • Lazertinib
  • Ocrelizumab / Hyaluronidase ocsq
  • Lebrikizumab
  • naloxone intranasal
  • clomiphene
  • patisiran
  • imetelstat
  • phenylephrine ophthalmic
  • myoinositol
  • vasicinone
  • soda lime
  • fisetin
  • Reynoutria Japonica
  • Coco Monoethanolamide
  • Betadex
  • lithopone
  • cyperus rotundus
  • papaya juice
  • 1-naphthaleneacetic acid
  • Nordazepam
  • Glechoma hederacea
  • Alternanthera sessilis
  • nicofetamide
  • napthol asol
  • cocamidopropyl betaine
  • musa x paradisiaca
  • dicyclomine/mefenamic acid
  • Sorghum
  • Manganese citrate
  • tovorafenib
  • mefenamic acid/paracetamol
  • eschscholzia californica
  • canna indica root
  • tranexamic acid/mefenamic acid
  • dexverapamil
  • sitogluside
  • secalciferol
  • cefatrizine
  • Sedum Acre
  • Flurogestone
  • Fluocortin
  • Bifendate
  • piprozolin
  • aminacrine undecylate
  • ethylenediamine mandelate
  • pelubiprofen
  • hesperetin
  • butethamine
  • epitiostanol
  • androstenediol
  • Nitroxoline
  • Iocarmic acid
  • Capobenic acid
  • dordaviprone (investigational drug)
  • Vitexin
  • Friluglanstat (investigational drug)
  • scorias spongiosa
  • Luseogliflozin
  • indoxacarb
  • prademagene zamikeracel
  • fidanacogene elaparvovec-dzkt
  • albifylline
  • idanpramine
  • araneus diadematus
  • Sulfamazone
  • Lycosa tarantula
  • malotilate
  • Ethacizine
  • Namilumab
  • Latrunculin B
  • stachyose
  • platinic oxide
  • iopronic acid
  • calcium chloride / potassium chloride/lactic acid/ sodium chloride/sodium hydroxide/sodium lactate solution
  • citric acid/ sodium bicarbonate/ sodium carbonate anhydrous
  • vadadustat
  • permethrin medical grade cis/trans isomers 25/75
  • lutetium, isotope of mass 177
  • human normal immunoglobulin
  • sacrosidase
  • apadamtase alfa, recombinant
  • acetyl hexapeptide-8 amide
  • pemivibart (Investigational)
  • govorestat
  • Zanidatamab
  • sotatеrcеpt
  • MV 140 vaccine
  • leuprorelin implant
  • cinchocaine hydrochloride/fluocortolone hexanoate/fluocortolone pivalate
  • Beautyberry
  • risedronate/calcium/vitamin D3
  • rhubarb extract/senna leaf/sulphur purified/wood charcoal
  • boric acid/kaolin/methyl salicylate/peppermint oil/thymol
  • docosahexaenoic acid/eicospentaenoic acid
  • aluminium hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide/simethicone
  • gentamicin/hydrocortisone
  • succinylcholine
  • sinefungin
  • letibotulinumtoxinA
  • coal tar/coconut oil/salicylic acid
  • camphor/camphor oil white/capsicum oleoresin /menthol/methyl salicylate
  • thioglycolic acid
  • acetic acid auricular
  • roluperidone
  • hydrocortisone/crotamiton topical
  • nystatin/chlorhexidine
  • aluminium chloride hexahydrate
  • ketoprofen topical
  • Chlormethine
  • podophyllotoxin
  • urea/lactic acid
  • autologous chondrocytes implant
  • afelimomab
  • gepotidacin
  • fludroxycortide
  • fentanyl transdermal
  • erythromycin/zinc acetate
  • dibotermin alfa powder
  • desferrioxamine mesilate
  • choline salicylate/magnesium salicylate
  • castor oil/peru balsam/trypsin
  • betamethasone/dexchlorpheniramine maleate
  • benzalkonium chloride solution/cetrimide
  • barzolvolimab
  • ascorbic acid / calcium laevulinate / nicotinamide / calcium pantothenate / calcium chloride / riboflavine / pyridoxine hydrochloride / thiamine hydrochloride
  • argipressin
  • arachis oil refined/chlorobutanol hemihydrate
  • arachis oil/eucalyptol/nutmeg oil/terpineol
  • ammonium chloride/diphenhydramine hydrochloride/levomenthol
  • amino acid mixture d / calcium chloride dihydrate / glucose monohydrate / glycine / magnesium chloride hexahydrate / olive oil / potassium chloride / sodium acetate trihydrate / sodium glycerophosphate pentahydrate / soya-bean oil
  • biotin/colecalciferol/copper (ii)sulfate dried/ cyanocobalamine/ dl-alpha tocopherol acetate/dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous/folic acid/iron (ii)sulfate dried/ lecithin/ magnesium sulfate dried/ nicotinamide/ pyridoxine hydrochloride/ riboflavin
  • ampicillin sodium / cloxacillin sodium
  • undecylenic acid, undecylenate salts, zincundecate
  • omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate
  • efgartigimod alfa/hyaluronidase
  • xylometazoline/ipratropium
  • cefepime and enmetazobactam
  • isotonic sodium chloride
  • bee venom allergen injection
  • fentanyl intranasal
  • alglucosidase alfa
  • triprolidine/pseudoephedrine
  • pegademase bovine
  • castor oil and peru balsam
  • camphor/eucalyptus oil/menthol
  • oxyquinoline/sodium lauryl sulfate
  • somatorelin
  • menotrophin injection
  • menadiol
  • hylan g-f 20
  • cefepime and taniborbactum
  • water avens
  • camphor/menthol
  • acoramidis
  • elafibranor
  • arrowroot
  • miconazole nitrate/hydrocortisone
  • vildagliptin/metformin
  • dobesilic acid
  • aroxybutynin and atomoxetine
  • hygromycin
  • linvoseltamab
  • nemolizumab
  • aceprometazine
  • limaprost
  • oxazolam
  • trimegestone
  • teceleukin
  • beauty berry
  • dinotefuran
  • imiprothrin
  • transfluthrin
  • thymalfasin
  • technetium Tc 99m tilmanocept
  • glepaglutide
  • marstacimab
  • pixantrone
  • Andiroba
  • arabinoxylan
  • arenaria rubra
  • etripamil
  • jequirity
  • jiaogulan
  • dusquetide
  • rolipram
  • tradipitant
  • sinfungin
  • diclofenac/omeprazole
  • brinzolamide and timolol maleate
  • wormseed
  • wormwood
  • wood sorrel
  • carmellose sodium
  • ibandronic acid
  • cinnarizine and dimenhydrinate
  • ursodeoxycholic acid
  • rhubarb extract/salicylic acid
  • butamirate citrate
  • fumitory
  • taheebo
  • uva ursi
  • vervain
  • coleus
  • coltsfoot
  • crampbark
  • plantain
  • potassium nitrate and silver nitrate
  • gelsemium
  • gentian
  • glucomannan
  • walnut
  • meadowsweet
  • midomafetamine
  • pennyroyal
  • periwinkle
  • betony
  • bitter orange
  • bladderwrack
  • bloodroot
  • emu oil
  • garcinia
  • yellow dock
  • burdock
  • dehydroepiandrosterone
  • aucubin
  • jasmone
  • resacetophenone
  • ecamsule ditriethanolamine
  • feclobuzone
  • fenoprop triethanolamine
  • verdyl acetate
  • caffeic acid
  • cyclamen aldehyde
  • dicetyldimonium chloride
  • wogonin
  • impacarzine
  • laurylpyridinium chloride
  • stepronin
  • matrine
  • sakuranin
  • cannabichromene
  • sandalore
  • sabinene
  • oxypaeoniflora
  • ethylhexyl pelargonate
  • acrylonitrile
  • allyl alcohol
  • dipalmitoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate
  • butidrine
  • clothiapine
  • propanediol dicaprylate
  • buchu
  • undecanol
  • enilconazole
  • xymenynic acid
  • angelica
  • nizubaglustat
  • resomelagon
  • ulecaciclib
  • apple cider vinegar
  • bacopa
  • barley grass
  • dandelion
  • deer velvet
  • dolomite
  • bugleweed
  • bupleurum
  • glyceryltrinitrate
  • pociredir
  • asnuciclib
  • actalycabtagene autoleucel
  • butantan–dengue vaccine
  • travoprost/timolol
  • furosemide/potassium chloride
  • amylamine
  • jaborandi
  • patritumab deruxtecan
  • jackfruit
  • sterculia
  • ascorbigen
  • ashitaba
  • androstenetrione
  • andrachne
  • cosibelimab
  • racecadotril
  • neomycin/chlorhexidine
  • octocog alfa
  • cetrimide
  • ispaghula husk
  • polyhexanide
  • octenidine
  • polygeline
  • heparinoid
  • jewelweed
  • boldo
  • anizatrectinib
  • alpinia
  • henbane
  • cynanchum vincetoxicum root and sulfur
  • boditrectinib
  • izumerogant
  • zavondemstat
  • abuta
  • fadogia agrestis
  • fly agaric mushroom
  • meptazinol
  • methoxyflurane
  • tramadol/dexketoprofen
  • betaine/polyhexanide
  • filgotinib
  • inosine acedoben dimepranol
  • alverine citrate
  • hyoscine butylbromide
  • senna+ ispaghula
  • cabbage palm
  • cajeput oil
  • calanus oil
  • calamint
  • canada balsam
  • carnosine
  • alverine citrate/simeticone
  • dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine
  • mebeverine/ispaghula
  • calcipotriol
  • tacalcitol
  • triethyl citrate/ethyl linoleate
  • sodium dilauramidoglutamide lysine
  • fazamorexant
  • avibactam tomilopil and ceftibuten
  • drostanolone
  • tigilanol tiglate
  • isorhynchophylline
  • rhynchophylline
  • crisugabalin
  • epigallocatechin gallate
  • clomocycline
  • corynoxeine
  • isocorynoxeine
  • Culmerciclib
  • Neladenoson
  • ambrein
  • hexylcaine
  • phensuximide
  • resencatinib (investigational)
  • rolusafine
  • pumecitinib
  • arhalofenic acid
  • berdazimer sodium
  • benzquinamide
  • clidinium
  • sulfametopyrazine
  • fulzerasib (Investigational Drug)
  • rovadicitinib (Investigational Drug)
  • Upleganan (Investigational Drug)
  • menthyl ethylamido oxalate
  • quaternium-90 montmorillonite
  • unecritinib (investigational drug)
  • etohexadiol
  • guaiol
  • proximadiol
  • verdinexor
  • sofnobrutinib
  • talbutal
  • ethoxzolamide
  • propiomazine
  • enprofylline
  • phenmetrazine
  • merigolix
  • pralurbactam
  • neracorvir
  • vonifimod
  • apaziquone hydroquinone
  • darizmetinib
  • zandelisib
  • xininurad
  • ritivixibat
  • amiselimod phosphate (investigational drug)
  • emzeltrectinib (investigational drug)
  • ficonalkib
  • cinalukast
  • ulobetasol
  • candoxatril
  • nitrofural
  • acetyldigitoxin
  • bentiromide
  • dextrothyroxine
  • chlorotrianisene
  • remikiren
  • pipobroman
  • vidarabine
  • immune globulin intravenous, human-stwk
  • spermine
  • serine
  • N-acetyl glucosamine
  • valine
  • adenine
  • asparagine
  • citrulline
  • adinazolam
  • interferon alfacon-1
  • interferon alfa-n1
  • felypressin
  • birch triterpenes
  • pyridoxal phosphate
  • technetium Tc-99m arcitumomab
  • beta-alanine
  • dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid
  • urea/hydrocortisone
  • R21/Matrix-M vaccine
  • povidone-iodine (ophthalmic)
  • pheniramine
  • hydrocortisone rectal
  • chloroxylenol/pramoxine/zinc acetate
  • chloroxylenol/pramoxine
  • dextrose/sucrose/vitamin C/zinc sulphate
  • furazolidone/metronidazole/dicyclomine
  • ergocalciferol (vitamin D2)
  • benoxaprofen (discontinued)
  • teicoplanin
  • carbomer
  • chromic chloride / iron (ii) chloride tetrahydrate / potassium iodide / manganese chloride / sodium fluoride / sodium selenite pentahydrate / sodium molybdate dihydrate / zinc chloride/ cupric chloride
  • bufylline
  • lidocaine/prilocaine
  • opium tincture, squill oxymel
  • dibrompropamidine
  • metronidazole/tetracycline/bismuth subsalicylate
  • agnus- castus
  • velaglucerase alfa
  • alendronic acid / colecalciferol
  • bimatoprost / timolol
  • efbemalenograstim alfa
  • dried ferrous sulfate/folic acid
  • dried ferrous sulfate / sodium ascorbate
  • nirogacestat
  • soya-bean oil, medium-chain triglycerides
  • demeclocycline hydrochloride and triamcinolone acetonide
  • fusidic acid / hydrocortisone acetate
  • macrogol
  • storax, benzoin
  • nomegestrol acetate/estradiol
  • flumetasone pivalate/ clioquinol
  • berdazimer topical (Pending FDA Approval)
  • buflomedil
  • butobarbital
  • andexanet alfa
  • methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
  • viscum abietis
  • pramoxine vaginal
  • bupivacaine implant
  • cromolyn sodium, inhaled
  • pneumococcal vaccine 20-valent
  • bimatoprost ophthalmic implant
  • tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
  • chloroprocaine ophthalmic
  • travoprost intraocular implant (Pending FDA approval)
  • typhoid polysaccharide vaccine
  • sodium phosphate
  • human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent
  • peanut immunotherapy epicutaneous (FDA approval pending)
  • cromolyn sodium, intranasal
  • red blood cells(Blood component)
  • oral mucoadhesive
  • clindamycin vaginal
  • whole blood (Blood Component)
  • fibrinogen/thrombin
  • levothyroxine/liothyronine
  • ipratropium intranasal
  • metronidazole vaginal
  • cyamemazine
  • brinase
  • reviparin
  • ulinastatin
  • saruplase
  • acepromazine
  • emylcamate
  • methionine
  • amino acids and electrolytes in dextrose with calcium
  • slippery elm
  • camostat
  • hemoglobin crosfumaril
  • moperone
  • chlormidazole
  • brilaroxazine
  • palopegteriparatide
  • diazepam buccal
  • benegrastim (pending for FDA approval)
  • COVID-19 vaccine, adjuvanted-Novavax
  • vestronidase alfa-vjbk
  • tebipenem (Pending FDA Approval)
  • tislelizumab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • zolbetuximab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • zoliflodacin (pending FDA approval)
  • zibotentan and dapagliflozin
  • fluorine F18 DCFPyL
  • debamestrocel
  • givinostat
  • amubarvimab and romlusevimab(Pending FDA Approval)
  • sabizabulin(Pending FDA approval)
  • fexapotide(Phase 3 Clinical trial)
  • diatrizoic acid
  • drotaverine
  • diethyl phthalate
  • enclomiphene
  • epalrestat
  • ethamsylate
  • flupirtine
  • imidurea
  • sodium glycolate
  • feracrylum
  • ethacridine
  • furazolidone/metronidazole
  • ozagrel hydrochloride
  • leptazol
  • l-glutamic acid /vitamin B complex
  • etizolam
  • etizolam/propranolol
  • ethoheptazine citrate
  • etophylline and theophylline
  • etophylline
  • finger millet
  • drotaverine/mefenamic acid
  • dichloroxylenol
  • pneumococcal 7-valent vaccine
  • diclofenac and metaxalone
  • dipivefrin ophthalmic
  • enbucrilate
  • potassium citrate and citric acid
  • potassium gluconate
  • aclarubicin
  • alfuzosin/dutasteride
  • adrenochrome monosemicarbazone
  • selenium sulfide topical
  • sertaconazole
  • amorolfine cream
  • amsacrine
  • amylmetacresol
  • sulfonated phenolics in aqueous solution
  • technetium Tc-99m sulfur colloid
  • raltitrexed
  • romiplostim
  • acediasulfone
  • azulene
  • acebrophylline
  • clonazepam/escitalopram oxalate
  • allylestrenol
  • andrographolide
  • artemotil
  • technetium Tc-99m sestamibi
  • rubidium Rb-82
  • somapacitan
  • sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate
  • almitrine
  • gramicidin
  • nikethamide
  • technetium Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate
  • betiatide
  • prilocaine/epinephrine
  • amlexanox
  • acetaminophen/salicylamide/phenyltoloxamine
  • neomycin topical
  • zilucoplan
  • antazoline and xylometazoline
  • toripalimab
  • iron isomaltoside
  • meningococcal A C Y and W polysaccharide tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine
  • meningococcal A C Y and W-135 diphtheria conjugate vaccine
  • tetradecyl Sulfuric Acid
  • benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin phosphate, adapalene
  • ethylephedrine
  • actarit
  • pyrantel tartrate
  • tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir DF
  • melitracen
  • amitriptylinoxide(Phase 4 Clinical Trials)
  • threonine
  • ditiocarb zinc
  • epicriptine
  • levallorphan
  • kinetin
  • laurocapram
  • pentagastrin
  • parthenolide
  • nicoboxil
  • protionamide
  • prulifloxacin
  • proscillaridin
  • tizanidine and rofecoxib
  • tolnaftate, gentamicin, chinoform and betamethasone valerate
  • pine bark extract
  • pipenzolate methylbromide
  • bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
  • niclosamide
  • pyrvinium
  • pipenzolate methylbromide/phenobarbitone
  • piracetam/ginkgo biloba/vinpocetine
  • benzyl benzoate/disulfiram
  • benzyl benzoate
  • loperamide/simethicone
  • piroctone olamine
  • sodium fusidate
  • piroxicam topical/capsaicin/menthol/methyl salicylate
  • sodium metabisulfite
  • sodium lauryl sulfate
  • taspoglutide
  • glyclopyramide
  • tolnaftate, gentamicin, iodochlorohydroxyquinoline, chlorocresol, betamethasone valerate
  • serratiopeptidase
  • sodium antimony gluconate
  • triamterene / benzthiazide
  • tribenoside / lidocaine
  • triclocarban
  • triprolidine/dextromethorphan  
  • vitamins/minerals/omega-3 Fatty acids
  • soyabean oil
  • sucralfate/oxethazaine
  • sucralfate/tinidazole/povidone iodine
  • sodium cromoglycate
  • aloe vera/liquid paraffin/white soft paraffin
  • aloe vera/jojoba oil/vitamin E
  • allantoin/triclosan/vitamin e/zinc oxide
  • alpha-Lipoic acid/minerals/multivitamins
  • alprazolam/paracetamol
  • alprazolam/melatonin
  • azithromycin/ambroxol
  • atorvastatin/clopidogrel/aspirin
  • aceclofenac, paracetamol and serratiopeptidase
  • alfacalcidol, vitamin B-complex, minerals and antioxidants
  • alpha- lipoic acid, vitamin b complex and vitamin c
  • alpha-galactosidase and simethicone
  • alpha-galactosidase, amylase, proteases, lipase and lactase
  • amikacin and cefepime
  • aminophylline, ephedrine and phenobarbitone
  • artesunate, sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine
  • finasteride/tamsulosin
  • flavoxate/ofloxacin
  • fenofibrate/metformin
  • lignocaine, hydrocortisone topical and allantoin
  • linoleic acid and sodium lactate
  • troxerutin
  • meclizine/nicotinic acid
  • mecobalamin/ginkgo Biloba
  • spirulina
  • loperamide and furazolidone
  • ketoconazole/cetrimide
  • ketoconazole/zinc pyrithione
  • lercanidipine/atenolol
  • levocetirizine/montelukast/ambroxol
  • levarterenol
  • levocetirizine/phenylpropanolamine 
  • indapamide/amlodipine
  • itopride/methyl polysiloxane
  • mebendazole/levamisole
  • eberconazole/mometasone
  • gliclazide/metformin/pioglitazone
  • fluconazole/tinidazole
  • haemocoagulase
  • halometasone
  • hesperidin
  • imipramine/chlordiazepoxide
  • idebenone / l-arginine / zinc sulphate/selenium/proanthocyanidin
  • mecobalamin and piracetam
  • mesterolone
  • mosapride and pantoprazole
  • atorvastatin, co enzyme q10, vitamin e, zinc, and selenium
  • azithromycin and benzalkonium chloride
  • beta carotene, vitamin c, vitamin e, minerals, lutein, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexenoic acid and vit b12
  • alpha-galactosidase
  • aloe vera gel/vitamin e/lactic acid
  • aloe vera gel/jojoba/vitamin e/glycerine
  • famotidine and domperidone
  • faropenem medoxomil
  • nedosiran
  • fluconazole/ornidazole/azithromycin
  • ebastine/montelukast
  • eberconazole
  • dienogest/estradiol valerate
  • ambroxol/salbutamol
  • benzoic acid/salicylic acid/ichthammol/ triamcinolone acetonide
  • desloratadine/ambroxol
  • dexibuprofen/paracetamol
  • atorvastatin/ramipril
  • diastase
  • diastase and simethicone
  • diazepam and propranolol
  • dexrabeprazole / domperidone
  • dexrabeprazole
  • dexketoprofen /paracetamol
  • beta carotene/vitamin C/minerals
  • aloe vera gel/urea
  • aloe vera gel/glycerine
  • alpha-lipoic acid/benfotiamine/chromium/folic acid/mecobalamin / vit b6
  • alprazolam/propranolol
  • alprazolam /sertraline
  • ibuprofen/dextropropoxyphene
  • ambroxol/cetirizine/phenylephrine/ guaiphenesin/menthol
  • dextropropoxyphene/dexchlorpheniramine maleate/bromhexine
  • promegestone
  • batroxobin
  • bencyclane
  • benfluorex
  • acetylpheneturide
  • abarelix
  • abetimus
  • naftidrofuryl
  • nalorphine
  • oxiracetam
  • letosteine
  • lafutidine
  • leuprorelin
  • levodropropizine
  • glutaral
  • losartan/ramipril
  • gallopamil
  • lanatoside c
  • lauromacrogol
  • gestodene
  • aceclofenac/methyl salicylate/menthol/linseed oil/capsaicin
  • aceclofenac/paracetamol/tizanidine
  • alginic acid/magaldrate/simethicone
  • aceclofenac/paracetamol
  • aceclofenac/rabeprazole
  • alginic acid
  • pantoprazole and domperidone
  • urokinase
  • rimiterol
  • olanzapine/fluoxetine
  • normethadone/hydroxyephedrine
  • myrtol
  • moxonidine
  • propylhexedrine
  • sodium hypochlorite solution
  • sodium chloride/sodium citrate
  • Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant [Adjuvanted])
  • Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)
  • aceclofenac and serratiopeptidase
  • levosulpiride
  • niaprazine
  • tromantadine
  • trimetazidine
  • vinburnine
  • mizoribine
  • molgramostim
  • mosapride
  • eugenol
  • tolperisone
  • etamsylate
  • etynodiol
  • mizolastine
  • metenolone
  • reproterol
  • rebamipide
  • mephenoxalone
  • metandienone
  • furosemide/spironolactone
  • hydroxycarbamide
  • tenonitrozole
  • fenoverine
  • fenquizone
  • tiapride
  • tibolone
  • furazolidone
  • furosemide & amiloride
  • fosfestrol
  • fluclorolone
  • flubendazole
  • tertatolol
  • tetracosactide
  • tetryzoline
  • tolciclate
  • trapidil
  • troxipide
  • temoporfin
  • telbivudine
  • teprenone
  • hexamidine
  • mebhydrolin
  • mepartricin
  • fencamfamin
  • medazepam
  • theodrenaline
  • thiamazole
  • thiocolchicoside
  • psilocybin
  • veralipride
  • pyritinol
  • opipramol
  • oprelvekin
  • betamethasone + gentamicin
  • betamethasone + neomycin
  • betamethasone + salicylic acid
  • oxedrine
  • bopindolol
  • orgotein (investigational)
  • oxaceprol
  • ormeloxifene
  • bevantolol
  • bifemelane
  • clebopride
  • demoxytocin
  • cicletanine
  • cefsulodin
  • chlortalidon
  • sisomicin
  • somatrem
  • carbazochrome
  • caroverine
  • cathine
  • ipriflavone
  • isepamicin
  • silymarin
  • simethicone
  • sermorelin
  • diloxanide
  • dimethindene
  • diosmin/hesperidin
  • calamine
  • canrenone
  • captodiame
  • imidapril
  • cefetamet
  • cefodizime
  • cefoperazone + sulbactam
  • ivermectin + albendazole
  • serrapeptase
  • bromisoval
  • beraprost
  • pridinol
  • proglumide
  • bamipine
  • barnidipine
  • bamifylline
  • benzbromarone
  • betamethasone/fusidic acid
  • para-chlorophenol
  • pantethine
  • nomifensine
  • pemoline
  • parnaparin
  • pentolinium
  • nialamide
  • novobiocin
  • nicergoline
  • octocrylene
  • octisalate
  • oftasceine
  • oxolamine
  • oxyphencyclimine
  • penfluridol
  • pentoxyverine
  • phenoxymethylpenicillin
  • picloxydine
  • pilsicainide hydrochloride
  • piperazine
  • pirarubicin
  • policresulen
  • prifinium bromide
  • prethcamide
  • pristinamycin
  • pirenzepine
  • piribedil
  • pimethixene
  • pargyline
  • phosphatidyl choline
  • phthalylsulfathiazole
  • phytomenadione
  • pranlukast
  • pinazepam
  • oxyphenonium
  • noxytiolin
  • periciazine
  • pethidine
  • phenindamine
  • histidine
  • isoleucine
  • proline
  • lauric acid
  • lymecycline
  • hypromellose
  • abiraterone acetate and niraparib
  • ichthammol
  • levamisole
  • naftazone
  • nefopam
  • oxprenolol
  • oxybuprocaine
  • elranatamab-bcmm
  • lapyrium
  • isoaminile
  • iotrolan
  • mazindol
  • masoprocol
  • lypressin
  • meradimate
  • molsidomine
  • monobenzone
  • mequinol/gluconolactone/ lactobionic acid/ arbutin
  • medifoxamine
  • mebutamate
  • metergoline
  • methantheline
  • methdilazine
  • metocurine
  • micronomicin
  • metaraminol
  • mephenesin
  • menadione
  • medrysone
  • metixene
  • levobetaxolol
  • guaiacol glycerol ether
  • eucalyptol
  • sodium tetradecyl sulfate
  • sugammadex
  • carbetocin
  • certoparin
  • chlorcyclizine/pseudoephedrine
  • cephapirin
  • indecainide
  • iobitridol
  • iomeprol
  • chlorphenesin
  • msud analog
  • msud maxamum
  • iceland moss
  • glutethimide
  • hexachlorophene
  • haloprogin
  • deferoxamine
  • ethchlorvynol
  • dexpanthenol topical
  • etilefrine
  • deslanoside
  • carbocromen
  • diazolidinylurea
  • dibenzepin
  • etofamide
  • guanoxan
  • halazepam
  • guanadrel sulfate
  • dapiprazole
  • soapwort
  • debrisoquine
  • l-tryptophan
  • chlormerodrin
  • chlorquinaldol
  • cetrimonium
  • carbocisteine
  • chlorcyclizine/codeine
  • technetium Tc-99m tetrofosmin
  • technetium Tc-99m disofenin
  • technetium Tc-99m gluceptate
  • technetium Tc-99m labeled red blood cells
  • amylmetacresol/dextromethorphan hydrobromide
  • anileridine phosphate
  • pyrethrins
  • pyrantel pamoate
  • quinagolide
  • spiramycin
  • standard hyperkalemic cardioplegia solution
  • technetium tc-99m mertiatide
  • technetium tc-99m medronate
  • bemotrizinol / bisoctrizole
  • benfotiamine
  • bemotrizinol + titanium dioxide + zinc oxide
  • technetium Tc-99m oxidronate
  • technetium Tc-99m pentetate
  • technetium Tc-99m pyrophosphate
  • benziodarone
  • octinoxate/bisoctrizole
  • bicisate dihydrochloride
  • technetium Tc-99m bicisate
  • norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol
  • norgestimate/ethinyl estradiol
  • ximelagatran (investigational)
  • xamoterol
  • trioxsalen
  • poly-urea urethane
  • rilmenidine
  • pemirolast
  • oxitriptan
  • beclomethasone, intranasal
  • thimerosal
  • camphor gel
  • camphor
  • mumps virus vaccine, live
  • rubella virus vaccine, live
  • aluminum chloride (dental)
  • alum irrigation
  • framycetin, phenylephrine, and gramicidin
  • ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ritonavir, and dasabuvir
  • olipudase alfa
  • etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol
  • mycophenolate
  • fluoroestradiol F 18
  • donor organ cardioplegia solution
  • fluciclovine F 18
  • fusidic acid (ophthalmic)
  • fusidic acid and hydrocortisone
  • framycetin, dexamethasone, and gramicidin
  • fludeoxyglucose F-18
  • fluorouracil/salicylic acid
  • indium In-111 oxyquinoline
  • indium In-111 pentetreotide
  • indium In-111 capromab pendetide
  • lusutrombopag
  • mitomycin (ophthalmic)
  • mifepristone and misoprostol
  • minoxidil (systemic)
  • methyl aminolevulinate (topical)
  • methyl folate, methylcobalamin, and acetylcysteine
  • ciclesonide/formoterol/tiotropium
  • nedocromil (Oral Inhalation)
  • batefenterol (Investigational)
  • neostigmine and glycopyrrolate
  • nepafenac ophthalmic
  • netupitant/palonosetron
  • meperidine and promethazine
  • mepivacaine and levonordefrin
  • maltodextrin
  • medical cannabis
  • medium chain triglycerides
  • mometasone/glycopyrrolate (glycopyrronium)/ indacaterol
  • moxifloxacin ophthalmic
  • neomycin/fluocinolone
  • nadroparin
  • iodine I-125 iothalamate
  • amikacin liposome (oral inhalation)
  • bupivacaine liposome
  • natamycin
  • lopinavir and ritonavir
  • lysine
  • macitentan and tadalafil
  • mitomycin pyelocalyceal
  • moclobemide
  • mometasone and indacaterol
  • efinaconazole
  • blue-green algae
  • indocyanine green
  • follitropin beta
  • lumasiran
  • glycerin/lidocaine
  • edrophonium/atropine
  • indigo carmine
  • lutropin alfa
  • instant glucose/intravenous dextrose
  • iobenguane I-123
  • ixekizumab
  • isosulfan blue dye
  • levofloxacin ophthalmic
  • levonorgestrel oral/ferrous bisglycinate/ ethinylestradiol
  • ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel transdermal
  • hydroquinone
  • hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • icodextrin
  • lipid emulsion (soybean, medium-chain triglyceride, olive, and fish oils; [SMOF])
  • iodinated I 125 albumin
  • iodinated I 131 albumin
  • lipid emulsion (plant oil-based)
  • levonorgestrel intrauterine
  • levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol
  • lactic acid and sodium-PCA
  • lactated Ringer solution
  • ketotifen (systemic)
  • lanolin
  • leuprolide and norethindrone
  • levodopa and benserazide
  • gonadorelin acetate
  • hemodialysis solutions
  • nirsevimab
  • gentian violet
  • gallium ga-68 dotatate
  • fusidic acid and betamethasone
  • gallium citrate Ga-67
  • gadopentetate dimeglumine
  • gadofosveset
  • follitropin delta
  • follitropin alfa and lutropin alfa
  • follitropin alfa
  • rocatinlimab
  • grass pollens allergen extract
  • flotufolastat F18
  • fluorescein ophthalmic
  • barium
  • balanced salt solution
  • air polymer type A intrauterine device
  • clodronate
  • bentoquatam
  • clobetasone
  • alfacalcidol
  • citric acid/glucono-delta-lactone/magnesium carbonate
  • benzoin
  • desirudin
  • immune globulin IV (IGIV)
  • dequalinium
  • pseudoephedrine/desloratadine
  • clofedanol
  • cyproterone and ethinyl estradiol
  • dextranomer and hyaluronic acid or derivatives
  • diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium
  • glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and Msm
  • squill
  • gotu kola
  • blessed thistle
  • bitter melon
  • apraclonidine
  • chlophedianol/dexbrompheniramine/pseudoephedrine
  • wild jujube
  • chitosan
  • cilazapril/hydrochlorothiazide
  • dexbrompheniramine and phenylephrine
  • diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid
  • dexchlorpheniramine and pseudoephedrine
  • lily of the valley
  • diflucortolone
  • corydalis
  • lemon balm
  • MSM
  • calcium polystyrene sulfonate
  • caprylidene
  • peppermint oil
  • efavirenz/lamivudine/tenofovir DF
  • emtricitabine/tenofovir DF /efavirenz
  • dutasteride/tamsulosin
  • milk thistle
  • centaury
  • horseweed
  • lycopus
  • agrimony
  • alfalfa
  • kava
  • cetrorelix
  • cetylpyridinium
  • chlophedianol and dexbrompheniramine
  • betahistine
  • choline C-11
  • boric acid vaginal suppository
  • aluminum acetate
  • aluminum chloride hexahydrate
  • 14-C urea breath test
  • absorbable collagen
  • valoctocogene roxaparvovec-rvox
  • amlodipine and celecoxib
  • aspirin and omeprazole
  • azilsartan and chlorthalidone
  • landiolol (Pending FDA approval)
  • isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine
  • losartan/hydrochorothiazide
  • udenafil
  • dextromethorphan/quinidine
  • onasemnogene abeparvovec
  • orphenadrine/aspirin/caffeine
  • Trace elements
  • sodium phenylbutyrate/ taurursodiol
  • fish oil triglycerides
  • infant formula
  • glutamine
  • chloroquine phosphate
  • afatinib
  • quinidine gluconate
  • methylergonovine
  • prothrombin complex concentrate, human
  • BCG intravesical live
  • capivasertib
  • cedazuridine
  • carbonyl iron
  • iron dextran complex
  • lovotibeglogene autotemcel (FDA Approval Pending)
  • sodium benzoate/sodium phenylacetate
  • mineral oil otic
  • zolmitriptan transdermal
  • midazolam intranasal
  • fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide
  • caplacizumab
  • arginine
  • sodium phenylbutyrate
  • meloxicam/rizatriptan
  • manganese
  • acetaminophen/pamabrom/pyridoxine
  • varicella zoster immune globulin, human
  • amitriptyline/perphenazine
  • narsoplimab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • amlodipine/perindopril
  • imiglucerase
  • canagliflozin/metformin
  • tafamidis meglumine
  • somatrogon-ghla
  • glimepiride/rosiglitazone
  • becaplermin
  • lithium
  • loxapine inhaled
  • nicotine transdermal
  • tixagevimab and cilgavimab (Investigational)
  • muromonab CD3
  • ansuvimab
  • coal tar bath products
  • fibrin sealant
  • arimoclomol (FDA Approval Pending)
  • varenicline intranasal
  • aducanumab
  • oxycodone/naloxone
  • ritlecitinib
  • sodium polystyrene sulfonate
  • calcipotriene/betamethasone
  • calcium hydroxylapatite
  • cantharidin topical
  • doxepin cream
  • clocortolone
  • formaldehyde topical
  • sodium sulfide topical
  • collagenase
  • selegiline transdermal
  • foscarbidopa/foslevodopa (FDA approval pending)
  • saxagliptin/metformin
  • linagliptin/metformin
  • linzagolix (FDA approval pending)
  • efgartigimod/hyaluronidase SC
  • Elamipretide
  • rozanolixizumab
  • diazoxide
  • glimepiride/pioglitazone
  • cipaglucosidase alfa
  • dihydroergotamine intranasal
  • delandistrogene moxeparvovec
  • beremagene geperpavec
  • hyaluronic acid and derivatives
  • hyaluronic acid, non-animal stabilized
  • eplontersen (FDA Approval Pending)
  • nitric oxide gas
  • sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol
  • treprostinil SC
  • viltolarsen
  • albuterol/ipratropium
  • budesonide inhaled
  • budesonide rectal
  • palovarotene
  • sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol
  • amino acids mixture
  • aminobenzoate potassium
  • elivaldogene autotemcel
  • naproxen and sumatriptan
  • sumatriptan intranasal
  • alglucerase
  • metformin/rosiglitazone
  • ertugliflozin/metformin
  • elosulfase alfa
  • calcium carbonate/magnesium hydroxide
  • starch suppository
  • abicipar pegol (FDA Approval Pending)
  • riboflavin 5′-phosphate ophthalmic
  • povidone ophthalmic
  • glycerin oropharyngeal
  • dimethicone topical
  • menthol topical, dimethicone topical
  • pramoxine topical, menthol topical and dimethicone topical
  • phosphorated carbohydrate
  • brilliant blue G ophthalmic
  • brolucizumab intravitreal
  • purified water, ophthalmic
  • hydroxyethyl cellulose ophthalmic
  • ranibizumab intravitreal implant
  • sodium chloride hypertonic, ophthalmic 
  • cetirizine ophthalmic
  • phentolamine ophthalmic
  • ganciclovir ophthalmic
  • triamcinolone intravitreal
  • ocriplasmin intravitreal
  • atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab
  • pegcetacoplan intravitreal
  • triamcinolone acetonide extended-release injectable suspension
  • tobramycin/loteprednol ophthalmic
  • 2-octyl cyanoacrylate
  • vitamins A & D topical
  • diphenhydramine/allantoin topical
  • pyrethrins/piperonyl butoxide
  • lodoxamide ophthalmic
  • obeticholic acid
  • fluocinolone intravitreal implant
  • sincalide
  • linaclotide
  • nedocromil ophthalmic
  • cysteamine ophthalmic
  • avacincaptad pegol intravitreal
  • azelastine ophthalmic
  • bacitracin ophthalmic
  • propylene glycol ophthalmic
  • rimexolone ophthalmic
  • metoclopramide intranasal
  • mirikizumab
  • netarsudil ophthalmic
  • cenegermin
  • dexamethasone ophthalmic insert
  • prednisolone ophthalmic
  • phenylephrine and cocoa butter rectal
  • phenylephrine and witch hazel topical
  • phenylephrine, pramoxine, glycerin and petrolatum rectal
  • bisacodyl rectal
  • aluminum hydroxide/magnesium carbonate
  • aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide
  • hyoscyamine spray
  • methenamine/methylene blue/ hyoscyamine/ sodium phosphate monobasic/ phenyl salicylate
  • phenylephrine
  • chlorophyll
  • castor oil
  • cholic acid
  • phenol oropharyngeal
  • articaine/epinephrine
  • antithymocyte globulin equine
  • aluminum hydroxide/magnesium trisilicate
  • methenamine/hyoscyamine
  • hydrocortisone topical/pramoxine topical 
  • sodium fluoride topical
  • mesna
  • C1 esterase inhibitor recombinant
  • menthol and pectin
  • menthol oropharyngeal
  • pectin oropharyngeal
  • gepirone
  • Goldenseal
  • polyethylene glycol and electrolytes
  • polyethylene glycol/electrolytes/sodium ascorbate/ascorbic acid
  • brompheniramine/pseudoephedrine/dextromethorphan
  • brompheniramine phenylephrine
  • acetaminophen/doxylamine/phenylephrine
  • doxylamine/acetaminophen/pseudoephedrine/dextromethorphan
  • acetaminophen/doxylamine/dextromethorphan
  • acetaminophen/doxylamine/dextromethorphan/phenylephrine
  • eslicarbazepine
  • fluticasone and salmeterol
  • codeine, acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine
  • codeine, chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine
  • iodine
  • povidone iodine
  • butalbital/aspirin/caffeine/codeine
  • polyethylene glycol 400/propylene glycol ophthalmic 
  • pegvaliase
  • amivantamab
  • iopamidol
  • codeine and pseudoephedrine
  • emtricitabine, rilpivirine, tenofovir DF
  • penicillin G aqueous
  • miconazole topical
  • miconazole vaginal
  • ciprofloxacin inhaled (Pending FDA approval)
  • ceftazidime/avibactam
  • ceftolozane/​tazobactam
  • aztreonam inhalation
  • amphotericin B cholesteryl sulfate
  • miconazole oral
  • elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
  • isavuconazonium sulfate
  • dapivirine intravaginal (FDA Approval Pending)
  • lamivudine/raltegravir
  • codeine/triprolidine/pseudoephedrine
  • cadexomer iodine
  • brompheniramine/pseudoephedrine
  • codeine/acetaminophen
  • codeine/guaifenesin
  • beclomethasone inhaled
  • epoetin beta/methoxy polyethylene glycol
  • voreloxin(Orphan Drug)
  • rociletinib
  • pitcher plant
  • phosphatidylserine
  • telotristat ethyl
  • copper CU 64 dotatate
  • urea topical
  • exenatide subdermal implant
  • asenapine transdermal
  • ethiodized oil
  • urea oral
  • miglustat
  • acalisib(Investigational)
  • acetophenazine
  • guggul
  • aceneuramic acid
  • mestranol/norethindrone
  • reishi
  • lactitol
  • vonoprazan fumarate
  • motherwort
  • silver nitrate
  • salicylic acid/sulfur shampoo
  • salicylic acid topical
  • ketorolac ophthalmic
  • ketoconazole topical
  • Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine
  • dibucaine topical ointment
  • ketorolac intranasal
  • ketorolac/phenylephrine ophthalmic
  • rotavirus oral vaccine, live
  • guarana
  • hops
  • krill oil
  • salicylic acid/coal tar shampoo
  • sufentanil SL
  • pancrelipase
  • passion flower
  • pepdite one plus
  • nivolumab and relatlimab
  • relatlimab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • benzalkonium chloride/benzocaine
  • ketotifen, drug-eluting contact lens
  • calcitriol topical
  • oxymetazoline topical
  • alclometasone topical
  • capsaicin topical
  • diclofenac/misoprostol
  • diclofenac ophthalmic
  • diclofenac topical
  • pramoxine/calamine topical
  • veverimer
  • tolazoline
  • olopatadine ophthalmic
  • lutetium lu 177-dota-tate
  • lutetium lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan
  • strontium 89 chloride
  • interferon alfa n3
  • lutetium Lu 177- Diethylenetriamine Pentaacetic acid-omburtamab (FDA Approval Pending)
  • samarium sm 153 lexidronam
  • cytomegalovirus immune globulin (CMV IG)
  • antithymocyte globulin rabbit
  • inolimomab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • olopatadine intranasal
  • olopatadine intranasal/​mometasone, intranasal
  • benzocaine/butamben/tetracaine topical
  • antipyrine/benzocaine/phenylephrine
  • dyclonine/menthol
  • surufatinib
  • fruquintinib
  • dostarlimab
  • hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)
  • remestemcel-L
  • benzocaine/menthol oropharyngeal
  • interferon beta 1b
  • tetracaine/oxymetazoline intranasal
  • benzocaine oropharyngeal
  • benzalkonium chloride/menthol/petrolatum topical
  • inamrinone
  • alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor
  • potassium bicarbonate/potassium citrate
  • potassium phosphate/sodium acid phosphate
  • asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi recombinant
  • motixafortide
  • pegloticase
  • etesevimab
  • Rho(D) immune globulin
  • tetanus immune globulin (TIG)
  • reltecimod (pending FDA approval)
  • avasopasem
  • trimethoprim/polymyxin B ophthalmic
  • naphazoline ophthalmic
  • sulfacetamide topical
  • sirolimus intravitreal (pending FDA approval)
  • sirolimus protein bound
  • sirolimus topical
  • glycopyrronium tosylate topical
  • sofpironium
  • olmesartan, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide
  • dovitinib (Pending FDA Approval)
  • epinephrine inhaled
  • quizartinib (Pending FDA Approval)
  • ranibizumab intravitreal injection
  • sodium hyaluronate
  • bacitracin and lidocaine topical
  • brimonidine topical
  • benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin topical
  • talquetamab
  • betrixaban
  • acetaminophen/caffeine/pyrilamine
  • fentanyl transmucosal
  • bacitracin topical
  • buprenorphine,long-acting injection
  • buprenorphine buccal
  • nalmefene intranasal
  • sulbactam/durlobactam
  • metronidazole topical 
  • daratumumab/hyaluronidase
  • glofitamab
  • rituximab-hyaluronidase
  • drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol/levomefolate
  • loncastuximab tesirine
  • ingenol mebutate topical
  • momelotinib
  • trastuzumab/deruxtecan
  • trastuzumab/hyaluronidase
  • trastuzumab duocarmazine
  • lifileucel
  • umbralisib
  • eflornithine/sulindac
  • cytarabine/daunorubicin liposomal
  • doxorubicin liposomal
  • epcoritamab
  • lanadelumab  
  • esomeprazole/naproxen 
  • terbinafine topical
  • ravulizumab
  • clotrimazole topical
  • choline magnesium trisalicylate
  • tacrolimus ointment
  • mechlorethamine topical
  • donislecel
  • pozelimab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • human rabies immune globulin (HRIG)
  • melphalan flufenamide
  • sintilimab (Pending FDA Approval)
  • oportuzumab monatox (Pending FDA Approval)
  • sotorasib
  • irinotecan liposomal
  • sulfur topical
  • silver sulfadiazine
  • capsaicin transdermal
  • sutimlimab
  • tretinoin topical
  • acetaminophen rectal
  • menthol topical
  • naftifine
  • oatmeal, colloidal topical
  • oxiconazole
  • methylsalicylate/menthol topical
  • C1 inhibitor human
  • lifitegrast ophthalmic
  • prednisolone/sulfacetamide ophthalmic
  • mannitol inhalation
  • ofloxacin otic
  • petrolatum & mineral oil topical
  • clascoterone topical
  • gefapixant (Pending FDA Approval)
  • colesevelam
  • technetium Tc 99m succimer
  • nebivolol/valsartan
  • ciprofloxacin/fluocinolone acetonide, otic
  • finafloxacin otic
  • magnesium hydroxide/mineral oil
  • phenylephrine/mineral oil/petrolatum rectal
  • carbamide peroxide oral
  • atropine ophthalmic
  • sodium sulfacetamide/sulfur
  • sulfacetamide ophthalmic
  • lucinactant
  • benzonatate
  • besifloxacin ophthalmic
  • benzhydrocodone/acetaminophen
  • beractant
  • trimagnesium citrate anhydrous
  • vitamin b2
  • carbamide peroxide otic
  • mineral oil topical
  • ethyl alcohol intranasal
  • boric acid/alcohol otic
  • absorbable gelatin compressed sponge, USP
  • absorbable gelatin sponge, USP
  • vincristine liposomal
  • technetium Tc 99m albumin aggregated injection
  • metaproterenol
  • budesonide inhaled/formoterol/glycopyrrolate inhaled
  • epinephrine racemic
  • umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled
  • indacaterol, inhaled/glycopyrrolate inhaled
  • betaine  
  • laronidase 
  • estrogens esterified/methyltestosterone            
  • cerliponase alfa
  • ertugliflozin/sitagliptin
  • hawthorn
  • shepherd’s purse
  • thiamine
  • naphazoline/glycerin ophthalmic
  • oxymetazoline ophthalmic
  • dorzolamide
  • dexamethasone intraocular
  • dexamethasone/ciprofloxacin
  • dexamethasone ophthalmic
  • metipranolol ophthalmic
  • timolol ophthalmic
  • boron
  • fezolinetant
  • pegunigalsidase alfa-iwxj
  • biotin
  • pantothenic acid
  • silicon
  • sodium acid phosphate
  • hypochlorous acid topical
  • methenamine/sodium acid phosphate
  • aviptadil 
  • bremelanotide
  • glucagon intranasal
  • metformin and repaglinide
  • bai ji
  • pau d’arco
  • juzentaihoto
  • mistletoe
  • quercetin
  • rosemary
  • sheng di huang
  • chasteberry
  • maitake
  • grapefruit
  • lentinan
  • juniper
  • nettle
  • parsley
  • rose hips
  • tongkat ali
  • horny goat weed
  • damiana
  • yohimbe
  • insulin NPH
  • aprocitentan
  • noni Juice
  • sodium iodide I-131
  • green tea
  • sea cucumber
  • wheat germ extract
  • fenofibrate micronized 
  • rogisen
  • danshen
  • lutein
  • witch hazel
  • dextroamphetamine transdermal
  • amphetamine/dextroamphetamine
  • hoodia
  • kolanut
  • boswellia
  • opuntia ficus indica
  • lavender
  • nadh
  • tea tree oil
  • metformin/sitagliptin 
  • dapagliflozin/ metformin/saxagliptin  
  • antihemophilic factor recombinant
  • inclisiran
  • bempedoic acid/ezetimibe
  • volanesorsen  
  • omega 3 carboxylic acids
  • pericyazine
  • levomepromazine (methotrimeprazine)
  • betaxolol ophthalmic
  • respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, adjuvanted
  • phenylephrine hydrochloride and tropicamide ophthalmic
  • alirocumab
  • neomycin/polymyxin B/gramicidin ophthalmic
  • factor IX
  • gentamicin topical
  • ansofaxine (Pending FDA Approval)
  • zuranolone
  • factor IX, recombinant
  • factor IX complex
  • factor XIII A-subunit, recombinant
  • factor X, human
  • mesalamine rectal
  • etrasimod
  • anti-inhibitor coagulant complex
  • factor IX, recombinant/albumin fusion protein
  • fibrinogen, human
  • aminocaproic acid
  • metyrosine
  • nonoxynol-9 vaginal
  • progesterone intravaginal gel
  • ipecac syrup
  • botulinum antitoxin, heptavalent
  • pentetate calcium trisodium
  • crotalidae polyvalent immune FAB (ovine)
  • dehydrated alcohol injection 
  • gold sodium thiomalate (Discontinued)
  • lactic acid/citric acid/potassium bitartrate vaginal
  • von Willebrand factor, recombinant
  • luspatercept
  • digoxin immune FAB (Antidote)
  • crotalidae immune FAB (equine)
  • magnesium (Antidote)
  • pyridoxine (Antidote)
  • edetate calcium disodium
  • albumin IV
  • nitroglycerin sublingual
  • obiltoxaximab
  • anthrax immune globulin
  • nitroglycerin topical
  • dextrose
  • nesiritide
  • estradiol vaginal
  • bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens
  • botulism immune globulin iv
  • amoxicillin/omeprazole/rifabutin
  • synthetic human angiotensin II
  • nitroglycerin IV
  • nitroglycerin translingual
  • nitroprusside sodium
  • tetrahydrozoline/zinc sulfate/hypromellose ophthalmic
  • sodium citrate/citric acid
  • pemetrexate
  • Methicillin
  • plasminogen 
  • acai
  • american ginseng
  • cordyceps
  • tramadol/acetaminophen
  • belladonna alkaloids/phenobarbital
  • erythromycin topical/benzoyl peroxide
  • glucosamine sulfate
  • panax ginseng (suppl/herb)
  • tolnaftate
  • sulopenem etzadroxil/probenecid
  • sulfur hexafluoride
  • sotrovimab
  • arbaclofen
  • rifampin/isoniazid
  • clindamycin /tretinoin topical
  • benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin topical
  • apremilast
  • antivenins, centuroides (scorpion)
  • bamlanivimab and etesevimab
  • vilobelimab
  • gadobenate
  • pentosan polysulfate sodium
  • methylsalicylate/menthol/camphor topical
  • antivenin, black widow spider
  • benzoyl peroxide and hydrocortisone
  • clindamycin topical
  • isometheptene, dichloralphenazone and acetaminophen
  • acetaminophen and phenyltoloxamine
  • erythromycin topical
  • erythromycin ophthalmic
  • alpha hydroxy acids, topical
  • buprenorphine transdermal
  • butalbital/acetaminophen/caffeine
  • buprenorphine/samidorphan
  • buprenorphine subdermal implant
  • celecoxib/tramadol
  • drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol
  • resorcinol/sulfur
  • eflornithine
  • rifampin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide
  • tofersen
  • devil’s claw
  • ticarcillin/clavulanate
  • atropine/pralidoxime
  • aprepitant
  • suramin
  • phenelzine 
  • artichoke
  • american dogwood
  • attapulgite
  • atlantic cedar
  • axalimogene filolisbac
  • sodium thiosulfate & sodium nitrite
  • ataluren
  • omidubicel-onlv
  • capsicum
  • ginger
  • cryoprecipitate
  • bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
  • emtricitabine/tenofovir DF
  • fo-ti
  • siberian ginseng
  • granulocytes
  • zinc substituted heme C
  • zinc trihydroxide
  • ashwagandha 
  • cat’s claw
  • glandular products
  • SAMe
  • shark cartilage
  • altovis
  • feverfew
  • horse chestnut
  • magnesium aspartate
  • octacosanol
  • pleurisy root
  • star anise
  • butterbur
  • elderberry
  • licorice (Suppl/herb)
  • aconite
  • pentetate zinc trisodium
  • menthol topical/zinc oxide topical
  • corn-starch/kaolin/zinc oxide topical
  • 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp)
  • butcher’s broom
  • articulin
  • bearberry
  • goldenrod
  • progesterone, natural
  • black cohosh
  • wild yam
  • cranberry
  • dong quai
  • phytoestrogens
  • norethindrone
  • false Unicorn Root
  • raspberry Leaf
  • asafoetida
  • turmeric
  • dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
  • hyaluronan
  • aliskiren/amlodipine
  • octreotide (Antidote)
  • tranexamic acid injection
  • duocal
  • neocate infant formula
  • pediatric Eo28
  • aloe
  • red clover
  • propolis
  • androstenedione
  • heartsease
  • comfrey
  • bilberry
  • chamomile
  • eyebright
  • calendula
  • sage
  • yucca
  • polypody
  • odevixibat
  • vinpocetine
  • olanzapine/samidorphan
  • creatine
  • yerba mate
  • spesolimab
  • azficel-T
  • tiludronate
  • estetrol and drospirenone
  • pseudoephedrine/fexofenadine
  • lincomycin
  • neomycin oral
  • fluocinolone acetonide, otic
  • tretinoin/ hydroquinone/ fluocinolone
  • halobetasol topical
  • hydrocortisone/​iodoquinol
  • penicillin G procaine /penicillin G benzathine
  • hydrocortisone probutate topical
  • colistin/neomycin/hydrocortisone/thonzonium otic
  • ebola zaire vaccine
  • hepatitis a/​b vaccine
  • vibegron
  • lindane
  • nystatin topical
  • respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine
  • chikungunya vaccine, live
  • tenecteplase
  • reteplase
  • anthrax vaccine adsorbed, adjuvanted
  • meningococcal ABCWY pentavalent vaccine
  • eculizumab
  • cholestyramine
  • tinzaparin
  • taurolidine/​citrate/​heparin
  • protein C concentrate
  • antithrombin alfa
  • antithrombin III
  • multivitamins, vision
  • ibuprofen/​chlorpheniramine/​pseudoephedrine
  • acetaminophen/ibuprofen
  • ibuprofen/pseudoephedrine
  • paclitaxel protein-bound
  • acetic acid vaginal
  • acetic acid otic
  • hydrocodone/ ibuprofen
  • methyl salicylate / isopropanol/ citronellyl acetate/ citric acid
  • ibuprofen and phenylephrine
  • acetylcysteine (Antidote)
  • iron/​folic acid/​vitamin/​mineral
  • iobenguane I-131
  • dolutegravir/rilpivirine
  • chlorhexidine topical
  • chlorhexidine oral
  • thyroid desiccated
  • proparacaine ophthalmic
  • podophyllum resin
  • phendimetrazine
  • phenoxybenzamine
  • polidocanol
  • phentermine and topiramate
  • piflufolastat F18
  • piperacillin/tazobactam
  • prednisolone and gentamicin ophthalmic
  • promethazine and codeine
  • poractant alfa
  • protamine sulfate
  • aflibercept intravitreal
  • prednicarbate
  • promethazine/dextromethorphan
  • codeine, phenylephrine, and promethazine
  • potassium phosphate
  • glatiramer acetate
  • gentamicin (Ophthalmic)
  • leniolisib
  • rezafungin
  • fluorometholone
  • dalfampridine
  • hydrocortisone topical 
  • empagliflozin and linagliptin
  • triamcinolone topical
  • minocycline topical
  • minocycline dental
  • ketotifen ophthalmic
  • darunavir and cobicistat
  • lidocaine topical
  • neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracin/lidocaine (OTC)
  • lidocaine/ hydrocortisone
  • lidocaine anesthetic
  • lidocaine ophthalmic
  • lidocaine/tetracaine
  • desonide
  • dabigatran
  • fexofenadine
  • fluoride
  • decitabine and cedazuridine
  • dasiglucagon
  • hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic
  • epoetin alfa
  • ibritumomab tiuxetan
  • trimethobenzamide
  • dexamethasone/ tobramycin
  • tafasitamab
  • valacyclovir
  • mebendazole
  • levoleucovorin
  • flaxseed
  • germanium
  • glutathione
  • lycopene
  • pygeum
  • horseradish
  • ziv-aflibercept
  • micafungin
  • trofinetide
  • taliglucerase alfa
  • tildrakizumab
  • sulopenem (Pending FDA Approval)
  • thyrotropin alfa
  • birch
  • thrombin, topical
  • tivozanib
  • tafluprost
  • methohexital
  • urea and hydrocortisone
  • unoprostone ophthalmic
  • trihexyphenidyl
  • ezetimibe
  • evolocumab
  • trifluridine and tipiracil
  • methenamine
  • misoprostol
  • miltefosine
  • rimantadine
  • maralixibat
  • coenzyme Q10
  • chlorella
  • garlic
  • forskolin
  • zavegepant
  • menotropins
  • margetuximab
  • meprobamate
  • melarsoprol
  • evening primrose oil
  • lemongrass
  • molindone
  • fenugreek
  • phytosterols
  • red yeast rice
  • uridine triacetate
  • tropicamide
  • incobotulinumtoxinA
  • Grape Seed Extract
  • carbachol ophthalmic
  • cosyntropin
  • cyclopentolate and phenylephrine
  • carteolol ophthalmic
  • pentazocine/naloxone
  • pentazocine/acetaminophen
  • casimersen
  • carisoprodol, aspirin, and codeine
  • carisoprodol
  • carboprost tromethamine
  • flurandrenolide
Methotrexate + 

upadacitinib 

may have an increased immunosuppressive effect when combined with upadacitinib

tanshinone I

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

rosmarinic acid

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

caryophyllene

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

ursolic acid

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

cepharanthine

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

sipuleucel-T 

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of sipuleucel-T

chikungunya vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

cOVID-19 subunit vaccine

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

cOVID subunit vaccine

it may reduce the therapeutic effect of covid-19 vaccines 

cOVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA 

may decrease the therapeutic effect of COVID-19 vaccine

pimecrolimus topical 

may increase the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus

deferiprone 

may have an increased neutropenic effect when combined with deferiprone

ropeginterferon alfa 2b 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with ropeginterferon alfa-2b

polatuzumab vedotin 

may increase the Myelosuppressive effect of each other when combined

human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent 

may diminish the pharmacodynamic antagonistic effect of each other when combined

acitretin

may enhance the hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate

bcg vaccine

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of BCG vaccine

dengue vaccine

interaction with methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of the vaccine, avoid combination

deferiprone

interaction with methotrexate may increase the neutropenic adverse effect of deferiprone

denosumab

increases the risk of serious infection as a result of the immunosuppressive effect

dexketoprofen

interaction may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

influenza virus vaccine

take vaccine at least 2 week prior to methotrexate initiation to avoid interaction. The interaction may reduce therapeutic effect of vaccine

pantoprazole

interaction with proton pump inhibitors may cause delayed elimination of methotrexate.

omeprazole

may reduce the time of elimination and increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

leflunomide

the interaction may enhance hepatotoxic and haematotoxic effects of methotrexate

lenograstim

methotrexate may decrease the therapeutic effects of lenograstim, avoid within 24 hours of administration of antineoplastic agents

lipegfilgrastim

may diminish the therapeutic effects of lipegfilgrastim

palifermin

may enhance the severity of oral mucositis

probenecid

avoid interaction, as it may increase hepatotoxicity and serum concentration of methotrexate

sulfamethoxazole

interaction may lead to bone marrow suppression, avoid interaction with sulfonamide antibiotics

tofacitinib

high risk of serious infection due to immunosuppressive effects

trimethoprim

may enhance the toxic effect of methotrexate, avoid combination

upadacitinib

risk of severe infection due to immunosuppressive effects, avoid combination

varicella virus vaccine 

it increases the toxicity of varicella or rubella-containing live vaccines

measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine, live (Rx)

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

cOVID-19 subunit vaccine

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (Rx)

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

pimecrolimus topical

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

cyclosporine ophthalmic

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

reslizumab

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

diroximel fumarate

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

efalizumab

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

bcg vaccine 

may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with BCG products

bcg vaccine

myelosuppressive agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG

measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live 

may increase the toxic effects of varicella virus containing vaccine

deucravacitinib 

may increase the immunosuppressive effects

fexinidazole 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with fexinidazole

tacrolimus topical 

may increase the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus

tafamidis 

may enhance the serum concentration of tafamidis

talimogene Laherparepvec 

may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with talimogene laherparepvec

taurursodiol 

may enhance the concentration of serum when combined with OAT1/3 substrates

abiraterone acetate and niraparib 

may increase the neutropenic effect of myelosuppressive agents

aspirin rectal 

the level of methotrexate may be increased by aspirin rectal by reducing renal clearance

dipyridamole 

dipyridamole: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

olopatadine 

olopatadine: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

paraldehyde 

paraldehyde: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

abrocitinib

may enhance the risk of serious infection by increasing immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate

baricitinib

may enhance the risk of serious infection by increasing the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate

alitretinoin

may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of methotrexate

brincidofovir

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effect of brincidofovir

cephalothin

may diminish the therapeutic effect of methotrexate

chloramphenicol

may enhance the adverse myelosuppressive effects of chloramphenicol

ciprofloxacin

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

clozapine

may enhance the adverse myelosuppressive effects of clozapine

cOVID vaccine

may diminish the therapeutic effect of the covid-19 vaccine

cyclosporine

may increase the hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate by enhancing the serum concentration

diethylamine salicylate

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

febuxostat

may enhance the adverse toxic effects of methotrexate

fosphenytoin

the interaction may decrease the serum concentration of fosphenytoin by increasing the unbound protein metabolites. It also increases the serum concentration of methotrexate

ibrutinib

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

inebilizumab

methotrexate may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of inebilizumab

levetiracetam

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

mercaptopurine

methotrexate may increase the serum concentration of mercaptopurine

mipomersen

may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of methotrexate

neomycin

may decrease the serum concentration of methotrexate

nitisinone

may increase serum concentration of OAT1/3 substrates

ocrelizumab

may enhance the immunosuppressive effects of ocrelizumab

ofatumumab

may enhance immunosuppressive effects of methotrexate

olaparib

myelosuppressive agents may enhance adverse myelosuppressive effects of Olaparib

ampicillin

may increase serum concentration of methotrexate

pidotimod

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of pidotimod

promazine

may enhance adverse myelosuppressive effects

pyrimethamine

may enhance adverse toxic effects of methotrexate

sapropterin

may decrease serum concentration of sapropterin

sulfasalazine

may enhance hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate

tafamidis

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

voriconazole

methotrexate may increase the photosensitizing effects of methotrexate

maitake 

It may enhance and diminish the immunosuppressive effects when combined with maitake

chenodeoxycholic acid

It may diminish the absorption when combined with bile acid sequestrants

pegloticase 

It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with pegloticase

tafamidis meglumine 

It may enhance the effect when combined with tafamidis meglumine

loracarbef 

When loracarbef is used together with methotrexate, the risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity is enhanced

ouabain 

When methotrexate is used together with ouabain, this leads to reduction in methotrexate excretion

rabies vaccine 

When methotrexate is used in combination with rabies vaccine, this leads to a reduction in the rabies vaccine effects through the process of pharmacodynamic antagonism

nitric oxide 

methotrexate leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of nitric oxide, which leads to an increased level of serum

ridaforolimus 

When methotrexate is used together with ridaforolimus, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of methotrexate

diacerein

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

diphenhydramine/ibuprofen

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

aspirin, chlorpheniramine, and phenylephrine

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

saccharomyces boulardii

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

diroximel fumarate

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

willow bark 

willow bark may increase the levels or effects of methotrexate due to acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance

demeclocycline

tetracycline reduces the therapeutic effects of methotrexate by suppressing GI metabolism by intestinal flora

doxycycline

tetracycline reduces the therapeutic effects of methotrexate by suppressing GI metabolism by intestinal flora

brincidofovir

it decreases the effect of brincidofovir

lansoprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin

when amoxicillin combines with methotrexate it decreases the effects of the action of drug by decreasing renal clearance

amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium

when amoxicillin combines with methotrexate it decreases the effects of the action of drug by decreasing renal clearance

omeprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin

when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action by decreasing renal clearance

amoxicillin vonoprazan

when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action by decreasing renal clearance

pivmecillinam

Interaction with pivmecillinam may enhance the serum concentration of methotrexate

clozapine

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of clozapine

olaparib

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Olaparib

deferiprone

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the neutropenic effect of deferiprone

balsalazide

may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents

sulfasalazine

may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents

pretomanid 

may increase the serum concentration of OAT1/3 substrates

promazine 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with myelosuppressive agents

olaparib 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with olaparib

clozapine 

may have an increased adverse effect when combined with clozapine

chloramphenicol 

may have an increased adverse effect when comb

bcg vaccine 

may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with BCG vaccine

cladribine 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with myelosuppressive agents

zavegepant 

may result in a significant increase in zavegepant exposure

trofinetide 

may increase the toxic effect of myelosuppressive agents

raltegravir 

may diminish the serum concentration of each other when combined

clozapine: they may increase the toxic effect of myelosuppressive agents

abiraterone

It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Hormone Antagonists

sulfisoxazole 

combinational side effects will increase when methotrexate is used in combination with sulfisoxazole

citrulline 

may have a decrease in excretion when combined with methotrexate

metronidazole/tetracycline/bismuth subsalicylate 

by reducing elimination, the levels of methotrexate may be increased with tetracycline

ozanimod 

ozanimod: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

tofacitinib 

tofacitinib: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

adalimumab

decreases renal elimination of methotrexate may lead to renal toxicity

methyclothiazide

may lead to increased myelosuppression

voclosporin

increased serum concentration of methotrexate may lead to toxic effects

golimumab

high risk o severe infection due to immunosuppression

hydrochlorothiazide

increase hepatotoxicity due to decreased elimination

l methyl folate

increase the metabolism of methotrexate

choline magnesium trisalicylate

salicylates may also lead to an elevation in the concentration of methotrexate

denosumab 

The immunosuppressive effect of immunosuppressants (cytotoxic chemotherapy) may be increased by denosumab

Frequency defined: 

>10%:  

Fever 

Nausea (11%) 

Vomiting (11%) 

Weight loss 

Increased liver enzymes (14%) 

Mucositis 

Myelosuppression 

1% to 10% 

Alopecia (10%) 

Dermatitis (3%) 

Burning sensation of the skin 

Skin photosensitivity 

Gastrointestinal ulcer (10%) 

Pruritis 

Leukopenia 

Pancytopenia 

Thrombocytopenia 

Dizziness 

Frequency not defined: 

Cerebral thrombosis 

Arterial thrombosis 

Hypotension 

Decreased libido 

Menstrual diseases 

Pancreatitis 

Hepatic failure 

Nonimmune anaphylaxis 

Haematuria 

Infertility 

Vaginal discharge 

Bone fracture 

Osteoporosis 

Methotrexate is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis. It poses a significant risk of embryofetal harm and should not be used for non-cancer conditions during pregnancy. Both men and women of reproductive age should use effective contraception during and after treatment. Formulations containing benzyl alcohol may cause serious central nervous system toxicity or metabolic acidosis, so preservative-free methotrexate is recommended for neonates, low-birth-weight infants, and intrathecal use. Benzyl alcohol-containing products should be avoided in high-dose regimens unless no preservative-free options are available and immediate treatment is necessary. Methotrexate can cause severe adverse effects, including fatal outcomes, so patients must be closely monitored for infections and toxicities affecting bone marrow, kidneys, liver, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and skin. 

Contraindication 

Hypersensitivity 

Caution 

Embryofetal Risk: Causes fetal harm and death; contraindicated in pregnancy for non-cancer conditions. Effective contraception is essential for men and women during and after treatment. 

Hypersensitivity: Severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur. Discontinue immediately if symptoms arise. 

Myelosuppression: Can cause dangerous bone marrow suppression leading to low blood counts. Regular blood monitoring is necessary, and dosage adjustments or discontinuation may be required. 

Gastrointestinal Toxicity: Risks include severe diarrhea, vomiting, and life-threatening intestinal damage, especially in patients with existing GI diseases. Treatment should be paused or stopped if severe symptoms develop. 

Pulmonary Toxicity: Methotrexate may cause lung inflammation (interstitial pneumonitis), potentially fatal, at any dose. Respiratory symptoms warrant prompt evaluation and possible treatment interruption. 

Secondary Malignancies: Risk of developing new cancers exists; some lymphomas may regress after stopping methotrexate. 

Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Risk with rapidly growing tumors; preventive treatment should be considered. 

Fertility: May impair fertility in both sexes; discuss reproductive risks beforehand. 

Third-Space Accumulation: Methotrexate clearance may be delayed in fluid collections; these should be drained before dosing. 

Pregnancy consideration: Methotrexate falls under pregnancy category X. methotrexate can cross the placenta and can cause fetal harm followed by the death of the child and pregnant woman.  

Lactation: limited reports available describing the presence of methotrexate in breastmilk. Because of potential adverse effects, it is advised to avoid breastfeeding during methotrexate therapy. 

 Pregnancy category: 

  • Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no evidence of risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in the later trimester. 
  • Category B: No evidence of risk to fetus found in animal reproduction studies and there are not enough studies on pregnant women. 
  • Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for an effect in humans, care must be taken for potential risks in pregnant women. 
  • Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite potential risks may be used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 
  • Category X: Drugs listed in this category clearly outweigh risks over benefits. These category drugs should be prohibited for pregnant women. 
  • Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category. 

Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and immunosuppressant that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, interfering with DNA synthesis, repair, and cell replication. In rheumatoid arthritis, it reduces immune system overactivity, thereby decreasing inflammation, pain, and joint damage. In psoriasis, it slows the rapid turnover of skin cells, reducing scaling and plaque formation. Its immunomodulatory effects are also linked to increased extracellular adenosine levels, which help mediate anti-inflammatory responses. 

Pharmacodynamics 

Methotrexate works by inhibiting enzymes involved in nucleotide synthesis, blocking cell division and producing anti-inflammatory effects. It has a long duration of action and is typically administered once weekly. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, it should never be taken daily. 

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption 

Oral bioavailability: ~60% at doses <30 mg/m²; significantly reduced at doses >80 mg/m². 

Subcutaneous (SC) bioavailability: 

Otrexup: 17%–36% higher than PO at doses of 10–25 mg. 

Rasuvo: 35%–68% higher than PO at doses of 7.5–30 mg. 

Time to peak plasma concentration: 

Oral: 1–2 hours 

Intramuscular (IM): 30–60 minutes 

Distribution 

Protein binding: ~50% 

Volume of distribution (Vd): 

Initial: 0.18 L/kg 

Steady-state: 0.4–0.8 L/kg 

Metabolism 

Site: Hepatic and intracellular 

Metabolites: Primarily polyglutamated methotrexate derivatives 

Elimination/Excretion 

Half-life: 

Psoriasis, RA, low-dose cancer: 3–10 hours 

High-dose cancer therapy: 8–15 hours 

Routes: 

Renal (urine): 80%–100% within 24 hours 

Fecal: minimal 

Methotrexate has IV incompatibilities with several drugs, notably bleomycin and others like droperidol and propofol. For IV/IM use, it is reconstituted in D5W or saline and administered via IV push (10 mg/min) or infusion, with high doses requiring leucovorin rescue. Intrathecal use demands a preservative-free form and CSF checks. Subcutaneous options (Otrexup, Rasuvo, RediTrex) are weekly, prefilled injectors for abdominal or thigh use, suitable for self-injection with training. Oral forms like Xatmep and Jylamvo must be taken weekly with precise measuring devices to prevent fatal overdosing. 

Pronunciation: METH-oh-TREX-ate

Methotrexate is an anticancer that belongs to antimetabolites class of medications.

It also treats psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Take the tablet once weekly.

Side effects of methotrexate include, nausea, vomiting, hair loss or thinning, mouth ulcers.

Tell your doctor about the allergies if you have against methotrexate. Brief the doctor about any other sort of allergies to other food or drug products.

This drug may reduce the bone marrow count in the body; may also cause liver damage.

If you miss a dose, consume it as soon as you remember it, but do not take the missed one nearby to the next one. Avoid doubling the dose.

If you are pregnant, planning for pregnancy or lactating, consult your doctor before starting the treatment.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding are not safe with methotrexate treatment.

Store the medication below 25°C in original container away from light.

Content loading

Methotrexate

Brand Name :

Jylamvo

(United States) [Available] ,

Otrexup

(United States) [Available] ,

Rasuvo

(United States) [Available] ,

Xatmep

(United States) [Available]
×

Brand Name :

country status Month Year
loading

Synonyms :

Methotrexate

Class :

Anticancer: antimetabolites: folate antagonists

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No data available for drug.

Dosing 

Adult dosage 

Injectable Solution: 

25 mg/mL 

Powder for Injection: 

1 g/vial (25 mg/mL when reconstituted) 

SC Autoinjector (Otrexup): 

10 mg/0.4 mL 

12.5 mg/0.4 mL 

15 mg/0.4 mL 

17.5 mg/0.4 mL 

20 mg/0.4 mL 

22.5 mg/0.4 mL 

25 mg/0.4 mL 

SC Autoinjector (Rasuvo): 

2.5 mg/0.05 mL (delivers doses between 7.5 mg and 30 mg in 2.5 mg increments) 

SC Prefilled Syringe (RediTrex): 

7.5 mg/0.3 mL 

10 mg/0.4 mL 

12.5 mg/0.5 mL 

15 mg/0.6 mL 

17.5 mg/0.7 mL 

20 mg/0.8 mL 

22.5 mg/0.9 mL 

25 mg/mL 

Tablet: 

2.5 mg 

5 mg 

7.5 mg 

10 mg 

15 mg 

Oral Solution: 

2.5 mg/mL (Xatmep) 

2 mg/mL (Jylamvo) 

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) 

IV: 10–5,000 mg/m² based on disease, risk, concurrent drugs, treatment phase, and response; leucovorin rescue required with high doses.
Oral (Jylamvo): 20 mg/m² once weekly; adjust to maintain desired ANC. 

Meningeal Leukemia 

Treatment: 12 mg intrathecal (max 15 mg), every 2–7 days; give one extra dose after CSF cell count normalizes. 

Prophylaxis: 12–15 mg intrathecal, no more than once weekly. 

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 

IV Use (Systemic): 

As part of combination chemotherapy: 1,000–3,000 mg/m² over 24 hours, followed by leucovorin rescue. High-dose regimens (up to 8,000 mg/m²) may be used, especially in CNS involvement. 

Oral Use (Jylamvo): 

For relapsed/refractory NHL: 2.5 mg taken 2–4 times weekly (max 10 mg/week). For cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (e.g., mycosis fungoides): 25–75 mg once weekly alone, or 10 mg/m² twice weekly in combination regimens. 

CNS Involvement: 

As a single agent: 8,000 mg/m² IV over 4 hours. With immunochemotherapy: 3,000–8,000 mg/m² IV with leucovorin rescue. 

Osteosarcoma 

12 g/m² IV over 4 hours on specific weeks post-surgery (weeks 4–7, 11–12, 15–16, 29–30, 44–45). 

May increase to 15 g/m² if peak methotrexate levels are <454 mcg/mL; do not exceed 20 g per dose. 

Breast Cancer 

40 mg/m² IV as part of a regimen with cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil 

Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) 

30–200 mg/m² or 0.4–1 mg/kg IV/IM; high-risk GTN: 300 mg/m² IV over 12 hours with other drugs. 

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) 

Initial Dose: 7.5 mg PO/IV/IM once weekly or 2.5 mg PO every 12 hours for 3 doses/week. 

Max: 20 mg/week PO. 

Jylamvo: Start at 7.5 mg PO weekly; titrate. 

SC (Otrexup/Rasuvo/RediTrex): Start at 7.5–10 mg once weekly; adjust as needed. 

Psoriasis
Dose: 10–25 mg PO/SC/IM/IV once weekly; max 30 mg/week. 

Jylamvo/Trexall: orally weekly or in divided doses. 

SC (Otrexup/Rasuvo/RediTrex): 10–25 mg weekly. 

Injectable Solution 

25 mg/mL 

Powder for Injection (reconstituted to 25 mg/mL) 

1 g/vial 

 

Subcutaneous (SC) Autoinjectors 

Otrexup: 

10 mg/0.4 mL 

12.5 mg/0.4 mL 

15 mg/0.4 mL 

17.5 mg/0.4 mL 

20 mg/0.4 mL 

22.5 mg/0.4 mL 

25 mg/0.4 mL 

 

Rasuvo: 

2.5 mg/0.05 mL (dose range: 7.5–30 mg in 2.5 mg increments) 

 

Subcutaneous Prefilled Syringes (RediTrex) 

7.5 mg/0.3 mL 

10 mg/0.4 mL 

12.5 mg/0.5 mL 

15 mg/0.6 mL 

17.5 mg/0.7 mL 

20 mg/0.8 mL 

22.5 mg/0.9 mL 

25 mg/mL 

Oral Tablets 

2.5 mg 

5 mg 

7.5 mg 

10 mg 

15 mg 

 

Oral Solutions 

2.5 mg/mL (Xatmep) 

2 mg/mL (Jylamvo) 

Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (pJIA) 

Initial dose: 10 mg/m² orally, IM, or SC once weekly. 

 

Note: SC administration (e.g., Otrexup, Rasuvo, RediTrex) offers better absorption than oral. 

Higher doses (20–30 mg/m²/week) may improve efficacy and reduce GI side effects, but safety beyond 20 mg/m²/week is not well established. 

Jylamvo: Weekly oral solution, titrate to response (most respond within 3–6 weeks). 

Meningeal Leukemia (Prophylaxis and Treatment) 

Intrathecal (IT) using preservative-free methotrexate. 

Treatment up to twice weekly (≥2-day interval); avoid <1-week intervals due to toxicity. 

Prophylaxis: No more than once weekly. 

Dosing by age: 

  • <1 year: 6 mg IT 
  • 1 to <2 years: 8 mg IT 
  • 2 to <3 years: 10 mg IT 
  • 3 to <9 years: 12 mg IT 
  • ≥9 years: 12–15 mg IT 

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) 

IV dose: 10–5,000 mg/m² depending on treatment phase and patient factors. 

Oral (Xatmep, Jylamvo): 20 mg/m² weekly; adjust to maintain desired neutrophil levels. 

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) 

IV dose range: 10–8,000 mg/m², protocol-dependent. 

Combination regimens: 1,000–3,000 mg/m² over 24 hr with leucovorin rescue. 

CNS-directed or high-dose therapy: 

Solo: 8,000 mg/m² IV over 4 hr 

With immunochemotherapy: 3,000–8,000 mg/m² IV 

Cutaneous NHL (as single agent): 5–75 mg IV 

Osteosarcoma 

Dose: 12 g/m² IV over 4 hr on weeks 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 15, 16, 29, 30, 44, and 45 post-surgery. 

Max single dose: 20 g 

DRUG INTERACTION

Methotrexate

&

Methotrexate + 

upadacitinib 

may have an increased immunosuppressive effect when combined with upadacitinib

tanshinone I

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

rosmarinic acid

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

caryophyllene

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

ursolic acid

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

cepharanthine

may enhance the serum concentration when combined with methotrexate

sipuleucel-T 

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of sipuleucel-T

chikungunya vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

cOVID-19 subunit vaccine

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

smallpox (vaccinia) vaccine, live

methotrexate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of vaccines

cOVID subunit vaccine

it may reduce the therapeutic effect of covid-19 vaccines 

cOVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA 

may decrease the therapeutic effect of COVID-19 vaccine

pimecrolimus topical 

may increase the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus

deferiprone 

may have an increased neutropenic effect when combined with deferiprone

ropeginterferon alfa 2b 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with ropeginterferon alfa-2b

polatuzumab vedotin 

may increase the Myelosuppressive effect of each other when combined

human papillomavirus vaccine, nonavalent 

may diminish the pharmacodynamic antagonistic effect of each other when combined

acitretin

may enhance the hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate

bcg vaccine

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of BCG vaccine

dengue vaccine

interaction with methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of the vaccine, avoid combination

deferiprone

interaction with methotrexate may increase the neutropenic adverse effect of deferiprone

denosumab

increases the risk of serious infection as a result of the immunosuppressive effect

dexketoprofen

interaction may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

influenza virus vaccine

take vaccine at least 2 week prior to methotrexate initiation to avoid interaction. The interaction may reduce therapeutic effect of vaccine

pantoprazole

interaction with proton pump inhibitors may cause delayed elimination of methotrexate.

omeprazole

may reduce the time of elimination and increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

leflunomide

the interaction may enhance hepatotoxic and haematotoxic effects of methotrexate

lenograstim

methotrexate may decrease the therapeutic effects of lenograstim, avoid within 24 hours of administration of antineoplastic agents

lipegfilgrastim

may diminish the therapeutic effects of lipegfilgrastim

palifermin

may enhance the severity of oral mucositis

probenecid

avoid interaction, as it may increase hepatotoxicity and serum concentration of methotrexate

sulfamethoxazole

interaction may lead to bone marrow suppression, avoid interaction with sulfonamide antibiotics

tofacitinib

high risk of serious infection due to immunosuppressive effects

trimethoprim

may enhance the toxic effect of methotrexate, avoid combination

upadacitinib

risk of severe infection due to immunosuppressive effects, avoid combination

varicella virus vaccine 

it increases the toxicity of varicella or rubella-containing live vaccines

measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine, live (Rx)

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

measles mumps and rubella vaccine, live

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

cOVID-19 subunit vaccine

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (Rx)

may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of rubella, and varicella vaccine, live 

pimecrolimus topical

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

cyclosporine ophthalmic

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

reslizumab

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

diroximel fumarate

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

efalizumab

methotrexate can also enhance the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus (Topical)

bcg vaccine 

may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with BCG products

bcg vaccine

myelosuppressive agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG

measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine, live 

may increase the toxic effects of varicella virus containing vaccine

deucravacitinib 

may increase the immunosuppressive effects

fexinidazole 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with fexinidazole

tacrolimus topical 

may increase the immunosuppressive effect of tacrolimus

tafamidis 

may enhance the serum concentration of tafamidis

talimogene Laherparepvec 

may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with talimogene laherparepvec

taurursodiol 

may enhance the concentration of serum when combined with OAT1/3 substrates

abiraterone acetate and niraparib 

may increase the neutropenic effect of myelosuppressive agents

aspirin rectal 

the level of methotrexate may be increased by aspirin rectal by reducing renal clearance

dipyridamole 

dipyridamole: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

olopatadine 

olopatadine: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

paraldehyde 

paraldehyde: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

abrocitinib

may enhance the risk of serious infection by increasing immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate

baricitinib

may enhance the risk of serious infection by increasing the immunosuppressive effect of methotrexate

alitretinoin

may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of methotrexate

brincidofovir

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effect of brincidofovir

cephalothin

may diminish the therapeutic effect of methotrexate

chloramphenicol

may enhance the adverse myelosuppressive effects of chloramphenicol

ciprofloxacin

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

clozapine

may enhance the adverse myelosuppressive effects of clozapine

cOVID vaccine

may diminish the therapeutic effect of the covid-19 vaccine

cyclosporine

may increase the hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate by enhancing the serum concentration

diethylamine salicylate

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

febuxostat

may enhance the adverse toxic effects of methotrexate

fosphenytoin

the interaction may decrease the serum concentration of fosphenytoin by increasing the unbound protein metabolites. It also increases the serum concentration of methotrexate

ibrutinib

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

inebilizumab

methotrexate may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of inebilizumab

levetiracetam

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

mercaptopurine

methotrexate may increase the serum concentration of mercaptopurine

mipomersen

may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of methotrexate

neomycin

may decrease the serum concentration of methotrexate

nitisinone

may increase serum concentration of OAT1/3 substrates

ocrelizumab

may enhance the immunosuppressive effects of ocrelizumab

ofatumumab

may enhance immunosuppressive effects of methotrexate

olaparib

myelosuppressive agents may enhance adverse myelosuppressive effects of Olaparib

ampicillin

may increase serum concentration of methotrexate

pidotimod

methotrexate may diminish the therapeutic effects of pidotimod

promazine

may enhance adverse myelosuppressive effects

pyrimethamine

may enhance adverse toxic effects of methotrexate

sapropterin

may decrease serum concentration of sapropterin

sulfasalazine

may enhance hepatotoxic adverse effects of methotrexate

tafamidis

may increase the serum concentration of methotrexate

voriconazole

methotrexate may increase the photosensitizing effects of methotrexate

maitake 

It may enhance and diminish the immunosuppressive effects when combined with maitake

chenodeoxycholic acid

It may diminish the absorption when combined with bile acid sequestrants

pegloticase 

It may enhance the serum concentration when combined with pegloticase

tafamidis meglumine 

It may enhance the effect when combined with tafamidis meglumine

loracarbef 

When loracarbef is used together with methotrexate, the risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity is enhanced

ouabain 

When methotrexate is used together with ouabain, this leads to reduction in methotrexate excretion

rabies vaccine 

When methotrexate is used in combination with rabies vaccine, this leads to a reduction in the rabies vaccine effects through the process of pharmacodynamic antagonism

nitric oxide 

methotrexate leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of nitric oxide, which leads to an increased level of serum

ridaforolimus 

When methotrexate is used together with ridaforolimus, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of methotrexate

diacerein

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

diphenhydramine/ibuprofen

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

aspirin, chlorpheniramine, and phenylephrine

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

saccharomyces boulardii

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

diroximel fumarate

methotrexate: it may enhance the toxic effect of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

willow bark 

willow bark may increase the levels or effects of methotrexate due to acidic (anionic) drug competition for renal tubular clearance

demeclocycline

tetracycline reduces the therapeutic effects of methotrexate by suppressing GI metabolism by intestinal flora

doxycycline

tetracycline reduces the therapeutic effects of methotrexate by suppressing GI metabolism by intestinal flora

brincidofovir

it decreases the effect of brincidofovir

lansoprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin

when amoxicillin combines with methotrexate it decreases the effects of the action of drug by decreasing renal clearance

amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium

when amoxicillin combines with methotrexate it decreases the effects of the action of drug by decreasing renal clearance

omeprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin

when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action by decreasing renal clearance

amoxicillin vonoprazan

when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action by decreasing renal clearance

pivmecillinam

Interaction with pivmecillinam may enhance the serum concentration of methotrexate

clozapine

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of clozapine

olaparib

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the myelosuppressive effect of Olaparib

deferiprone

myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the neutropenic effect of deferiprone

balsalazide

may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents

sulfasalazine

may enhance the effect of myelosuppressive agents

pretomanid 

may increase the serum concentration of OAT1/3 substrates

promazine 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with myelosuppressive agents

olaparib 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with olaparib

clozapine 

may have an increased adverse effect when combined with clozapine

chloramphenicol 

may have an increased adverse effect when comb

bcg vaccine 

may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with BCG vaccine

cladribine 

may have an increased myelosuppressive effect when combined with myelosuppressive agents

zavegepant 

may result in a significant increase in zavegepant exposure

trofinetide 

may increase the toxic effect of myelosuppressive agents

raltegravir 

may diminish the serum concentration of each other when combined

clozapine: they may increase the toxic effect of myelosuppressive agents

abiraterone

It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Hormone Antagonists

sulfisoxazole 

combinational side effects will increase when methotrexate is used in combination with sulfisoxazole

citrulline 

may have a decrease in excretion when combined with methotrexate

metronidazole/tetracycline/bismuth subsalicylate 

by reducing elimination, the levels of methotrexate may be increased with tetracycline

ozanimod 

ozanimod: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

tofacitinib 

tofacitinib: it may decrease the therapeutic effect of myelosuppressive agents

adalimumab

decreases renal elimination of methotrexate may lead to renal toxicity

methyclothiazide

may lead to increased myelosuppression

voclosporin

increased serum concentration of methotrexate may lead to toxic effects

golimumab

high risk o severe infection due to immunosuppression

hydrochlorothiazide

increase hepatotoxicity due to decreased elimination

l methyl folate

increase the metabolism of methotrexate

choline magnesium trisalicylate

salicylates may also lead to an elevation in the concentration of methotrexate

denosumab 

The immunosuppressive effect of immunosuppressants (cytotoxic chemotherapy) may be increased by denosumab

Methotrexate works through multiple mechanisms, making it versatile for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases. In cancer therapy, it functions as an antifolate antimetabolite. It enters cells via folate transporters and converts into methotrexate-polyglutamate, which blocks dihydrofolate reductase—an enzyme needed to produce tetrahydrofolate, essential for DNA and RNA nucleotide synthesis. It also inhibits enzymes involved in purine and thymidylate synthesis, disrupting DNA production and causing cancer cell death. 

For autoimmune conditions, methotrexate acts differently by inhibiting AICAR transformylase, leading to increased adenosine levels. This suppresses immune cell activity, reducing inflammation by downregulating T-cell and B-cell responses and interfering with inflammatory signalling pathways like interleukin-1β. These combined effects contribute to its anti-inflammatory properties. 

Frequency defined: 

>10%:  

Fever 

Nausea (11%) 

Vomiting (11%) 

Weight loss 

Increased liver enzymes (14%) 

Mucositis 

Myelosuppression 

1% to 10% 

Alopecia (10%) 

Dermatitis (3%) 

Burning sensation of the skin 

Skin photosensitivity 

Gastrointestinal ulcer (10%) 

Pruritis 

Leukopenia 

Pancytopenia 

Thrombocytopenia 

Dizziness 

Frequency not defined: 

Cerebral thrombosis 

Arterial thrombosis 

Hypotension 

Decreased libido 

Menstrual diseases 

Pancreatitis 

Hepatic failure 

Nonimmune anaphylaxis 

Haematuria 

Infertility 

Vaginal discharge 

Bone fracture 

Osteoporosis 

Methotrexate is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis. It poses a significant risk of embryofetal harm and should not be used for non-cancer conditions during pregnancy. Both men and women of reproductive age should use effective contraception during and after treatment. Formulations containing benzyl alcohol may cause serious central nervous system toxicity or metabolic acidosis, so preservative-free methotrexate is recommended for neonates, low-birth-weight infants, and intrathecal use. Benzyl alcohol-containing products should be avoided in high-dose regimens unless no preservative-free options are available and immediate treatment is necessary. Methotrexate can cause severe adverse effects, including fatal outcomes, so patients must be closely monitored for infections and toxicities affecting bone marrow, kidneys, liver, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and skin. 

Contraindication 

Hypersensitivity 

Caution 

Embryofetal Risk: Causes fetal harm and death; contraindicated in pregnancy for non-cancer conditions. Effective contraception is essential for men and women during and after treatment. 

Hypersensitivity: Severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur. Discontinue immediately if symptoms arise. 

Myelosuppression: Can cause dangerous bone marrow suppression leading to low blood counts. Regular blood monitoring is necessary, and dosage adjustments or discontinuation may be required. 

Gastrointestinal Toxicity: Risks include severe diarrhea, vomiting, and life-threatening intestinal damage, especially in patients with existing GI diseases. Treatment should be paused or stopped if severe symptoms develop. 

Pulmonary Toxicity: Methotrexate may cause lung inflammation (interstitial pneumonitis), potentially fatal, at any dose. Respiratory symptoms warrant prompt evaluation and possible treatment interruption. 

Secondary Malignancies: Risk of developing new cancers exists; some lymphomas may regress after stopping methotrexate. 

Tumor Lysis Syndrome: Risk with rapidly growing tumors; preventive treatment should be considered. 

Fertility: May impair fertility in both sexes; discuss reproductive risks beforehand. 

Third-Space Accumulation: Methotrexate clearance may be delayed in fluid collections; these should be drained before dosing. 

Pregnancy consideration: Methotrexate falls under pregnancy category X. methotrexate can cross the placenta and can cause fetal harm followed by the death of the child and pregnant woman.  

Lactation: limited reports available describing the presence of methotrexate in breastmilk. Because of potential adverse effects, it is advised to avoid breastfeeding during methotrexate therapy. 

 Pregnancy category: 

  • Category A: Satisfactory and well-controlled studies show no evidence of risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in the later trimester. 
  • Category B: No evidence of risk to fetus found in animal reproduction studies and there are not enough studies on pregnant women. 
  • Category C: Adverse effects on the fetus found with evidence in animal reproduction studies and no adequate evidence for an effect in humans, care must be taken for potential risks in pregnant women. 
  • Category D: There is adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite potential risks may be used only in emergency cases for potential benefits. 
  • Category X: Drugs listed in this category clearly outweigh risks over benefits. These category drugs should be prohibited for pregnant women. 
  • Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category. 

Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and immunosuppressant that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, interfering with DNA synthesis, repair, and cell replication. In rheumatoid arthritis, it reduces immune system overactivity, thereby decreasing inflammation, pain, and joint damage. In psoriasis, it slows the rapid turnover of skin cells, reducing scaling and plaque formation. Its immunomodulatory effects are also linked to increased extracellular adenosine levels, which help mediate anti-inflammatory responses. 

Pharmacodynamics 

Methotrexate works by inhibiting enzymes involved in nucleotide synthesis, blocking cell division and producing anti-inflammatory effects. It has a long duration of action and is typically administered once weekly. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, it should never be taken daily. 

Pharmacokinetics 

Absorption 

Oral bioavailability: ~60% at doses <30 mg/m²; significantly reduced at doses >80 mg/m². 

Subcutaneous (SC) bioavailability: 

Otrexup: 17%–36% higher than PO at doses of 10–25 mg. 

Rasuvo: 35%–68% higher than PO at doses of 7.5–30 mg. 

Time to peak plasma concentration: 

Oral: 1–2 hours 

Intramuscular (IM): 30–60 minutes 

Distribution 

Protein binding: ~50% 

Volume of distribution (Vd): 

Initial: 0.18 L/kg 

Steady-state: 0.4–0.8 L/kg 

Metabolism 

Site: Hepatic and intracellular 

Metabolites: Primarily polyglutamated methotrexate derivatives 

Elimination/Excretion 

Half-life: 

Psoriasis, RA, low-dose cancer: 3–10 hours 

High-dose cancer therapy: 8–15 hours 

Routes: 

Renal (urine): 80%–100% within 24 hours 

Fecal: minimal 

Methotrexate has IV incompatibilities with several drugs, notably bleomycin and others like droperidol and propofol. For IV/IM use, it is reconstituted in D5W or saline and administered via IV push (10 mg/min) or infusion, with high doses requiring leucovorin rescue. Intrathecal use demands a preservative-free form and CSF checks. Subcutaneous options (Otrexup, Rasuvo, RediTrex) are weekly, prefilled injectors for abdominal or thigh use, suitable for self-injection with training. Oral forms like Xatmep and Jylamvo must be taken weekly with precise measuring devices to prevent fatal overdosing. 

Pronunciation: METH-oh-TREX-ate

Methotrexate is an anticancer that belongs to antimetabolites class of medications.

It also treats psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Take the tablet once weekly.

Side effects of methotrexate include, nausea, vomiting, hair loss or thinning, mouth ulcers.

Tell your doctor about the allergies if you have against methotrexate. Brief the doctor about any other sort of allergies to other food or drug products.

This drug may reduce the bone marrow count in the body; may also cause liver damage.

If you miss a dose, consume it as soon as you remember it, but do not take the missed one nearby to the next one. Avoid doubling the dose.

If you are pregnant, planning for pregnancy or lactating, consult your doctor before starting the treatment.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding are not safe with methotrexate treatment.

Store the medication below 25°C in original container away from light.

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