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Brand Name :
Cozaar
Synonyms :
Losartan
Class :
ARBs
Brand Name :
Cozaar
Synonyms :
Losartan
Class :
ARBs
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Take a dose of 50 mg orally every day
Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Take a dose of 50 mg orally every day
Begin with a daily oral dose of 50 mg
This can be raised to a maximum of 100 mg per day if needed
For patients who might have low fluid volume within blood vessels or are taking diuretics (medications that promote urination), start with 25 mg taken orally once a day
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Tablet
25 mg
50 mg
100 mg
Hypertension
For <6 years old: Safety and efficacy not established
For ≥6 years old:
Take a dose of 0.7 mg/kg orally every day
Take a dose of 0.7 mg/kg orally every day
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
may have an increased adverse effect when combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
may have an increased adverse effect when combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
may have an increased adverse effect when combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
may have an increased adverse effect when combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
may increase the hyperkalemic effect of aliskiren
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers
may enhance the serum concentration of angiotensin II receptor blockers
may increase the hyperkalemic effect of aliskiren
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
lithium: they may enhance the serum concentration of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
may increase the adverse effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers
may enhance the serum concentration of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may enhance the serum concentration of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the toxicity effects when combined with moexipril by pharmacodynamic synergism
it increases the toxicity of angiotensin II receptor blockers
may diminish the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may diminish the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may diminish the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may diminish the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may diminish the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may enhance the risk of adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the risk of adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the risk of adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the risk of adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the risk of adverse/toxic effect of NSAIDs
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
It may enhance the toxicity when combined with mipomersen
It may enhance the effects when combined with maitake by pharmacodynamic synergism
It may enhance toxicity when combined with cholic acid by diminishing the elimination
spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-sparing diuretics
Combining losartan with pranlukast may cause a reduction in the losartan’s metabolism
When dexrabeprazole and losartan is used together, this leads to reduction in the dexrabeprazole’s metabolism
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with NSAIDs
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with sodium phosphates
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with sodium phosphates
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with sodium phosphates
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with sodium phosphates
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with sodium phosphates
may increase the nephrotoxic effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the nephrotoxic effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may increase the nephrotoxic effect of angiotensin ii receptor blockers
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with NSAIDs
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased level of serum concentration of losartan
the effect of losartan is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
it increases the effect or level of ruxolitinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-Sparing Diuretics
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of potassium-Sparing Diuretics
angiotensin II Receptor Blockers may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of finerenone
it increases the effect of hyperkalemia of angiotensin II receptor blockers
it increases the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers
it increases the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers
it increases the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers
it increases the effect of hyperkalemia of angiotensin II receptor blockers
angiotensin II receptor blockers increase the toxicity of NSAIDs
angiotensin II receptor blockers increase the toxicity of NSAIDs
angiotensin II receptor blockers increase the toxicity of NSAIDs
angiotensin II receptor blockers increase the toxicity of NSAIDs
angiotensin II receptor blockers increase the toxicity of NSAIDs
it increases the toxicity of angiotensin II receptor blockers
ACE Inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
ACE Inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
ACE Inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
ACE Inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
ACE Inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonists
may increase the toxic effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
may enhance the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist
may enhance the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist
may enhance the hypotensive effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist
may decrease the therapeutic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
may decreases the therapeutic effect. Angiotensin receptor
may increase the toxic effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
may increase the hyperkalemic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blockers
drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol/levomefolate
may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Drospirenone-Containing Products
dapoxetine: they may increase the orthostatic hypotensive effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonists
eplerenone: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
finerenone: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
heparins: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
heparins: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
heparins: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
ranolazine: they may increase the toxic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
tacrolimus: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
trimethoprim: they may increase the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
may enhance the hyperkalemic effect
may enhance the hyperkalemic effect
may enhance the hyperkalemic effect
they decrease the effect of hypertension of angiotensin II
they decrease the effect of hypertension of angiotensin II
they decrease the effect of hypertension of angiotensin II
they decrease the effect of hypertension of angiotensin II
they decrease the effect of hypertension of angiotensin II
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased therapeutic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker
may have an increased hyperkalemic effect when combined with angiotensin II receptor blockers
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may decrease the antihypertensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
the serum levels of potassium may be increased
may have a decrease in excretion when combined with losartan
metronidazole/tetracycline/bismuth subsalicylate
by altering CYP2C9/10 metabolism, the levels of losartan may be increased with metronidazole
Action and Spectrum:
Losartan blocks angiotensin II type 1 receptors, which inhibits vasoconstriction to cause vasodilation and prevents angiotensin II effects in blood vessels.
Adverse reaction:
>10%
Cough
1-10%
Upper respiratory tract infection
Dizziness
Nasal congestion
Back pain
Frequency Not Defined
Anemia
Vertigo, tinnitus
Palpitations, syncope
Somnolence, headache,
Sleep disorders
Abdominal pain, constipation
Urticaria, pruritus, rash
Myalgia, arthralgia
Post marketing Reports
Hepatitis
Thrombocytopenia
Malaise
Hematologic
Black box warning:
In pregnancy situations discontinue this drug because it causes fetal injury.
Contraindications/caution:
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
History of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema
Cautions:
Hypotension
Cough
Angioedema
Renal Function Impairment
Hyperkalemia
Pregnancy Warnings:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excretion of the drug into the human breast milk is unknown
Pregnancy categories:
Pharmacology:
Losartan blocks conversion of angiotensin II inhibitors from AT1 receptors in muscle and adrenal tissue; it shows 1000 times more affinity for AT1 receptors than AT2 receptors.
Pharmacodynamics:
Losartan is a selective angiotensin II receptor blocker that inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. It is highly selective for the AT1 receptor and impedes effects induced by angiotensin II like vasopressin release and aldosterone actions.
Losartan also enhances urinary flow and excretion of various substances. Unlike ACE inhibitors the ARBs suppress the renin-angiotensin system without affecting bradykinin response.
Pharmacokinetic:
Absorption:
It is absorbed rapidly with peak plasma concentrations 1 to 3 hours
Distribution
It is highly protein-bound with medium volume of distribution.
Metabolism
CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and CYP2C10 metabolizing enzymes mainly metabolize losartan.
Excretion and elimination:
The metabolites excreted in the urine with 40% and 60% in feces.
Administration:
Losartan is well absorbed but slower with food and is best administered at the same time daily.
The FDA has approved the fixed drug combination of losartan/hydrochlorothiazide with three strengths like 50/12.5 mg, 100/12.5 mg, and 100/25 mg. The American College of Rheumatology recommends a lower starting dose of 25 mg for patients with low intravascular volume and diuretic therapy. The recommended starting dosage for heart failure is 25 to 50 mg daily with a target dosage of 50 to 150 mg daily.
Patient information leaflet:
Generic Name: Losartan
Why do we use Losartan?
Losartan is an FDA-approved angiotensin receptor blocker which is prescribed for hypertension and diabetic nephropathy to regulate blood pressure by inhibiting physiological responses. It reduces blood pressure, aldosterone actions, and has renal protective effects in type 2 diabetes.
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