Long COVID Patterns in the RECOVER-Adult Study
November 21, 2025
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Brand Name :
feldene
Synonyms :
piroxicam
Class :
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Brand Name :
feldene
Synonyms :
piroxicam
Class :
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Dosage Forms & Strengths Â
Capsule Â
10mg Â
20mg Â
20mg orally once a day.do not exceed 30-40mg per day
20mg orally once a day.do not exceed 30-40mg per day
<12 years: Not recommended.Â
Refer adult dosing.Â
choline magnesium trisalicylate
NSAIDs may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Salicylates
it may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
it may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
it may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
it may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
it may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
interaction with NSAIDs may lead to increased toxicity such as myelosuppression, renal toxicity, and GI toxicity
interaction with NSAIDs may lead to increased toxicity such as myelosuppression, renal toxicity, and GI toxicity
the toxicity of either of the drugs is increased due to pharmacokinetic synergism
it May diminish the therapeutic effect of Loop Diuretics
it May diminish the therapeutic effect of Loop Diuretics
it May diminish the therapeutic effect of Loop Diuretics
NSAIDs may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Bisphosphonate Derivatives
NSAIDs may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Bisphosphonate Derivatives
NSAIDs may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Bisphosphonate Derivatives
NSAIDs may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Bisphosphonate Derivatives
When loracarbef is used together with piroxicam, the risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity is enhanced
When piroxicam is used together with bufexamac, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When piroxicam is used together with nifenazone, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse events
it enhances the serum potassium levels
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Decongestants
When abciximab is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hemorrhage & bleeding
When alclofenac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When acetaminophen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When aceclofenac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When acemetacin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When aminophenazone is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When antipyrine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When antrafenine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When bendazac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When benzydamine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When benorilate is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When benoxaprofen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When betulinic acid is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When bromfenac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When bufexamac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When bumadizone is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When carprofen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When celecoxib is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When dexibuprofen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When dexketoprofen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When diclofenac is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When etoricoxib is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When fenbufen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When fenoprofen is used together with piroxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of adverse outcomes
When Cefadroxil is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefalotin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefamandole is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefapirin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefditoren is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefepime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefmenoxime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefmetazole is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefonicid is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefoperazone is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ceforanide is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefotaxime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefotetan is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefoxitin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefpiramide is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefpirome is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefpodoxime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefprozil is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefradine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ceftazidime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ceftriaxone is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cefuroxime is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cephaloglycin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When cidofovir is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When ergometrine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When ergotamine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When esketamine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When etilefrine is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When fenoterol is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When fentanyl is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When finasteride is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When flibanserin is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
When flupentixol is used together with piroxicam, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of hypertension
the toxicity of either of the drugs is increased due to pharmacokinetic synergism
may have a decrease in excretion when combined with piroxicam
it may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may enhance the CNS depressant effect
cefaclor increases the serum concentration of other drugs by reducing renal clearance
cefepime increases the serum concentration of other drugs by reducing renal clearance
cefuroxime increases the serum concentration of other drugs by reducing renal clearance
may enhance the renal tubular clearance for anionic drug competition
Actions and Spectrum Â
The mechanism of action of piroxicam is based on the non-selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) that is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandin. Prostaglandins are also involved in the processes of inflammation, pain and fever. It acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by blocking this enzyme and thus decrease prostaglandin synthesis which in turn decreases inflammation, pain and fever.Â
The spectrum of piroxicam involves analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic effects. piroxicam is mainly used in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. However, it may also be taken for the management of other conditions like acute gout and pain during menstruation.Â
Frequency definedÂ
Post-marketing reports Â
Blackbox WarningÂ
Cardiovascular RiskÂ
Most NSAIDs have been associated with serious cardiovascular events which include MI and stroke and can cause death.Â
The longer the usage of the product, the higher the likelihood of developing adverse effects from its usage.Â
Patients with cardiovascular disease or risks for cardiovascular disease are at a higher risk.Â
It should not be used for perioperative pain in patients undergoing CABG surgery as it increases the risk of MI and stroke.Â
Gastrointestinal RiskÂ
Specific adverse effects of NSAIDs include serious gastrointestinal events, including hemorrhage, ulceration, and perforation, which may be fatal.Â
Contraindications/Cautions:Â
ContraindicationÂ
A known sensitivity to aspirin (ASA) or other NSAIDs is an absolute contraindication for NSAIDs, such as piroxicam, as the patient is more likely to experience an allergic response. Â
Late pregnancy, stomatitis, ulcerative colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), bleeding disorders, duodenal/gastric/peptic ulcers, and upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are among the relative contraindications. Â
CautionsÂ
Renal impairmentÂ
Hepatic imapairmentÂ
Pregnancy/Lactation Â
Pregnancy consideration: It should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It can cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in late pregnancy. Â
Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is known Â
Pregnancy category: Â
Pharmacology Â
It is an NSAID that relieves pain due to different conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The drug can be classified as oxicam class of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.Â
The mode of action of piroxicam is by competitively blocking cyclooxygenase enzyme that is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are involved in inflammatory response, pain and fever. Through the inhibition of COX, piroxicam has the pharmacological effect of decreasing the synthesis of prostaglandins, which causes anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects.Â
Pharmacodynamics Â
The drug works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is responsible for the production of prostaglandins. Â
Pharmacokinetics Â
Onset of action is  15 to 30 minutes after 20 mg of single doseÂ
1 hour after multiple 20 mg doses.Â
Peak Plasma Time:Â
3 to 5 hours for a single 20 mg dose.Â
Peak Plasma Concentration:Â
1.5 to 2 mcg/mL for a single 20 mg dose.Â
3 to 8 mcg/mL for multiple 20 mg doses daily.Â
DistributionÂ
Protein Binding: 99.3% at plasma concentrations of 5-30 mcg/mL.Â
Volume of Distribution (Vd): 0.12-0.14 L/kg.Â
Metabolism:Â
Metabolized in the liver through:Â
Hydroxylation at the 5 position of the pyridyl side chain.Â
Conjugation by cyclodehydration.Â
Hydrolysis of the amide linkage.Â
Decarboxylation.Â
Ring contraction.Â
N-demethylation.Â
Metabolites: Includes hydroxy and the parent drug.Â
Elimination/ExcretionÂ
Excreted via urine and feces.Â
Half-life: 14 to 158 hours (average 50 hours).Â
Duration: 48 to 72 hours.Â
AdministrationÂ
It is administered orally  
Patient information leaflet Â
Generic Name: piroxicam Â
Pronounced: [ peer-OX-i-kam ] Â
Why do we use piroxicam? Â
piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) taken to reduce pain and inflammation in cases of various diseases and injuries. The main uses of piroxicam include:
The main uses of piroxicam include:Â
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