Performance Comparison of Microfluidic and Immunomagnetic Platforms for Pancreatic CTC Enrichment
November 15, 2025
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Brand Name :
Phyllocontin, Truphylline
Synonyms :
aminophylline
Class :
Methylxanthines
Brand Name :
Phyllocontin, Truphylline
Synonyms :
aminophylline
Class :
Methylxanthines
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Intravenous solutionÂ
25 mg/mL (10 mL, 20 mL)Â
Loading dose:
Patients who have not previously taken aminophylline or theophylline: during the last 24 hrs: administer 5.7 mg/kg intravenous infusion
Patients who have taken aminophylline or theophylline during the last 24 hrs: Before administering a loading dose, determine the serum theophylline concentration
Maintenance dose:
Adults below 60 yrs: 0.5 mg/kg/hour intravenous continuous infusion; should not exceed more than 1,125 mg/day
Note: The doses are designed to attain 10 mcg/mL serum theophylline levels
Dose Adjustments
Dosing modifications
Renal impairment:
Dose adjustment is not required
Hepatic impairment:
0.25 mg/kg/hour of initial dose, should not exceed a maximum of 500 mg/day
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Intravenous solutionÂ
25 mg/mL (10 mL, 20 mL)Â
Loading dose:
Patients who have not previously taken aminophylline or theophylline: during the last 24 hrs: administer 5.7 mg/kg intravenous infusion
Patients who have taken aminophylline or theophylline during the last 24 hrs: Before administering a loading dose, determine the serum theophylline concentration
Maintenance dose:
Infants (4 to 6 weeks): 1.9 mg/kg/dosage intravenous every 2 times a day
Children 1 to 8 years: 1 mg/kg/hour continuous intravenous infusion
Children 9 to 11 years: 0.9 mg/kg/hour continuous intravenous infusion
Adolescents 12 to 16 years: 0.9 mg/kg/hour continuous intravenous infusion
Adolescents above 16 years: 0.5 mg/kg/hour continuous intravenous infusion; should not exceed more than 1,125 mg/day
Note: The doses are designed to attain 10 mcg/mL serum theophylline levels
Dose Adjustments
Dosing modifications
Renal impairment:
Dose adjustment is not required.
Hepatic impairment:
0.25 mg/kg/hour of initial dose, should not exceed a maximum of 500 mg/day
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Intravenous solutionÂ
25 mg/mL (10 mL, 20 mL)Â
Adults above 60yrs: 0.38 mg/kg/hour continuous intravenous infusion; should not exceed a maximum of 500 mg/day
aminoglutethimide increases the rate of metabolism of aminophylline
may have an increased vasodilatory effect when combined with vasodilators
may have an increased vasodilatory effect when combined with vasodilators
may have an increased vasodilatory effect when combined with vasodilators
may have an increased vasodilatory effect when combined with vasodilators
may have an increased vasodilatory effect when combined with vasodilators
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of alprostadil
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with nitroprusside
may increase the vasodilatory effect of each other when combined
may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
bunazosin (Not available in the United States)
alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
batefenterol (Investigational)Â
Combining aminophylline with batefenterol could increase the risk or severity of hypokalemia
Combining levobetaxolol with aminophylline may enhance the risk or seriousness of adverse events
The combination of mibefradil can lead to an elevation in the concentration serum of aminophylline
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with anti-hypertensive agents
Combining tegafur with aminophylline can reduce tegafur’s metabolism
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Platelets inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Platelets inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Platelets inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Platelets inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Platelets inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet Inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet Inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet Inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet Inhibitors
dexchlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and phenylephrine
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet Inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with platelet inhibitors
When aminophylline is used together with fluconazole, this leads to reduction in the aminophylline metabolism
When aminophylline is used together with somatotropin, this leads to a rise in aminophylline’s metabolism
When aminophylline is used together with promazine, this leads to a reduction in aminophylline metabolism
When aminophylline is used together with allylestrenol, this leads to a reduction in the aminophylline metabolism
When aminophylline is used together with oleandomycin, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of aminophylline
When aminophylline is used together with patupilone, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of aminophylline
When aminophylline is used together with ridaforolimus, this leads to enhanced concentration serum of aminophylline
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with antihypertensive agents
when coupled with fosnetupitant, the metabolism of aminophylline can be slowed down
sapropterin may increase the hypotensive effect of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
may increase the risk or severity of adverse effects when combined
may increase the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
may increase the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with general anesthesia
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with general anesthesia
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with general anesthesia
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with general anesthesia
the risk of hypokalemia may be increased
the rate of metabolism of aminophylline may be reduced
the rate of metabolism of aminophylline may be reduced
the metabolism of aminophylline can be raised when combined with insulin pork
Actions and spectrum:Â
Frequency not definedÂ
DiuresisÂ
insomniaÂ
RestlessnessÂ
TremorÂ
HeadacheÂ
irritabilityÂ
seizureÂ
DiarrheaÂ
vomitingÂ
Nausea Â
Post marketing reportsÂ
erythema multiformeÂ
skin photosensitivityÂ
Allergic skin reactionÂ
exfoliative dermatitisÂ
angioedemaÂ
Hypersensitivity reactionsÂ
Black Box Warning:Â
aminophylline does not have a black box warning.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
Contraindication:Â
Caution:Â
Comorbidities:Â
Pregnancy consideration: US FDA pregnancy category: Not assignedÂ
Lactation: Excreted into human milk: Yes Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
aminophylline is a bronchodilator medication that is primarily used to treat of asthma and COPD. It is a combination of theophylline and ethylenediamine, which work together to produce its pharmacological effects.Â
Theophylline acts as a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, which results in the relaxation of smooth muscles in the airways. It also has adenosine receptor antagonistic properties, which further contributes to bronchodilation. By dilating the bronchial smooth muscles, aminophylline improves airflow and eases breathing in individuals with respiratory conditions.Â
Ethylenediamine, a metabolite of theophylline, enhances the solubility and absorption of theophylline in the body. This allows for better bioavailability and more consistent therapeutic effects.Â
The pharmacological effects of aminophylline include bronchodilation, increased airflow, improved lung function, and relief of bronchospasm. It helps to reduce symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing associated with asthma and COPD. Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
aminophylline can be administered orally or intravenously. When taken orally, it is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The rate and extent of absorption can vary among individuals, and factors such as food intake and gastrointestinal motility can affect absorption.Â
DistributionÂ
aminophylline is widely distributed throughout the body. It can cross the blood-brain barrier and placental barrier, and it is also present in breast milk. The drug has a large volume of distribution, indicating that it distributes extensively into tissues.Â
MetabolismÂ
aminophylline is extensively metabolized in the liver. The primary metabolic pathway involves the conversion of aminophylline to its active component, theophylline, by hepatic enzymes. Theophylline is further metabolized by various cytochrome P450 enzymes, mainly CYP1A2, into multiple metabolites. The metabolism of aminophylline can be influenced by factors such as age, liver function, and concurrent use of other medications that interact with the hepatic enzymes.Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
Both aminophylline and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. The elimination half-life of aminophylline varies among individuals and can be affected by factors such as age and liver function. In individuals with normal renal function, the half-life ranges from 4 to 10 hours. In individuals with impaired renal function, the elimination half-life can be prolonged.Â
Administration:Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: aminophyllineÂ
Pronounced: (uh-min-uh-FIL-een)Â Â
Why do we use aminophylline?Â
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