aspirin/dipyridamole

medtigo

aspirin/dipyridamole

Brand Name :

Aggrenox

Synonyms :

aspirin/dipyridamole

Class :

Platelet aggregation inhibitors

Action and Spectrum

Mechanism of action

aspirin also has an antiplatelet effect due to its ability to inhibit the production of thromboxane A2, a substance that promotes platelet aggregation. This makes it helpful in preventing blood clots and reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

dipyridamole is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. It enhances the effects of adenosine by inhibiting the reuptake of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells, resulting in increased levels of adenosine at the site of platelet aggregation. dipyridamole also potentiates the action of intracellular messengers that inhibit platelet aggregation, such as cyclic AMP. This effect also prevents blood clots and reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

aspirin and dipyridamole are commonly used in combination therapy because they have different mechanisms of action, which enhances the antiplatelet effect. This combination is instrumental in preventing recurrent stroke

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency defined:

>10%

Dyspepsia

Nausea

Headache

Abdominal pain

diarrhea

1-10%

Pain

Arthralgia

Hemorrhage

Epistaxis

Arthritis

Asthenia

Neoplasm

Rectal hemorrhage

Cardiac failure

Purpura

Anorexia

Myalgia

Confusion

Syncope

Vomiting

Fatigue

Back pain

Accidental injury

Amnesia

Melena

Convulsions

Anemia

Malaise

Post marketing reports

Angina pectoris

Cerebral edema

Hyperkalemia

Respiratory alkalosis

Confusion

Hearing loss

Anorexia

Metabolic acidosis

Agitation

Jaundice

Hypersensitivity

Rhabdomyolysis

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to aspirin, dipyridamole, or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a contraindication for using these medications. People with allergic reactions to these substances should not take them.

Individuals with a syndrome of asthma, rhinitis, and nasal polyps also have an increased risk of experiencing allergic reactions to aspirin and other NSAIDs. These individuals may have an aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) condition, which can cause severe and life-threatening reactions when taking aspirin and other NSAIDs.

Caution

aspirin and dipyridamole should be used cautiously in patients with cardiovascular or gastrointestinal diseases or bleeding disorders. These patients may have an increased risk of bleeding or other complications when taking these drugs
Patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease should avoid using these drugs as they can cause stomach irritation and bleeding.
aspirin and dipyridamole may cause chest pain in patients with underlying coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, it is essential to use these drugs with caution in patients with a history of CAD.
aspirin and dipyridamole may not be adequate for patients with a history of stroke or TIA.

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data available

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics

aspirin works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to thromboxane A2, a substance that promotes platelet aggregation. This inhibition leads to reduced production of thromboxane A2, which results in the abrogation of platelet aggregation, thus making it helpful in preventing blood clots and reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

On the other hand, dipyridamole works by inhibiting adenosine uptake into platelets, endothelial cells, and erythrocytes. Adenosine is a natural substance that inhibits platelet aggregation. By inhibiting adenosine uptake, dipyridamole increases adenosine levels at the site of platelet aggregation, enhancing the inhibition of platelet aggregation.

When used in combination, aspirin and dipyridamole produce additive antiplatelet effects. Aspirin inhibits the production of thromboxane A2, while dipyridamole increases adenosine levels at the site of platelet aggregation. Together, these two drugs produce a more potent inhibition of platelet aggregation than either drug alone, which makes them helpful in preventing recurrent strokes.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption:

dipyridamole is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma levels occurring 2 hours after ingestion. Aspirin is rapidly and completely absorbed from the stomach and small intestine.

Distribution:

dipyridamole is highly protein bound, with 99% of the drug bound to plasma proteins. The volume of distribution (Vd) of dipyridamole is 92 L, indicating that the drug is widely distributed in the body

Metabolism:

dipyridamole is highly protein bound, with 99% of the drug bound to plasma proteins

Elimination/excretion:

The metabolites are eliminated primarily through the feces (95%) and, to a lesser extent, through the urine (5%). The elimination half-life of dipyridamole is 4-6 hours.

Adminstartion

Administration

The recommended dose for aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole capsules is one capsule twice daily, one in the morning and one in the evening. The capsules should be swallowed whole and taken with or without food

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: aspirin/dipyridamole

Pronounced: [ AS-pi-rin-and-dye-peer-ID-a-mole]

Why do we use aspirin/dipyridamole?

aspirin and dipyridamole are a combination medicine used to reduce the risk of stroke in individuals with a history of blood clots or a mini stroke (also known as a transient ischemic attack or TIA). The medicine works by preventing blood clots from forming in the blood vessels, which can lead to a stroke. It is usually prescribed as a preventive measure for individuals at high risk of having another stroke.

aspirin/dipyridamole

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

aspirin/dipyridamole

&

aspirin/dipyridamole +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

aspirin/dipyridamole

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

aspirin/dipyridamole

&

aspirin/dipyridamole +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

medtigo

aspirin/dipyridamole

Brand Name :

Synonyms :

Class :

Action and Spectrum

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet

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