trimethadione

medtigo

trimethadione

Brand Name :

Tridione

Synonyms :

trimethadione

Class :

Oxazolidinedione Anticonvulsants

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum:

trimethadione is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat certain types of seizures, particularly absence seizures (petit mal seizures).

Inhibition of T-type Calcium Channels: trimethadione is thought to exert its anticonvulsant effects by inhibiting T-type calcium channels. These channels play a role in controlling neuronal excitability, and by inhibiting them, trimethadione may help stabilize neuronal activity and reduce the occurrence of seizures.
Modulation of GABAergic System: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and its activity helps to regulate the excitability of neurons. trimethadione may enhance GABAergic transmission, increasing inhibitory effects on neuronal activity, which can reduce the likelihood of seizures.

The spectrum of activity of trimethadione is primarily focused on treating absence seizures. Absence seizures are characterized by brief lapses of consciousness, sometimes with subtle body movements or blinking.

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined

Vomiting

Gastric distress

Fatigue

Sleeplessness

Epistaxis

Skin rash

Redness

Nausea

Abdominal pain

Drowsiness

Uneasiness

Bleeding gums

Retinal and petechial bleeding

Skin inflammation

Black Box Warning

Black box warning:

None

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/caution:

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity: trimethadione should not be used in individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to the drug or its components.
History of Blood Dyscrasias: trimethadione has been associated with rare but severe blood disorders, including aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis. Therefore, it is contraindicated in individuals with a history of blood dyscrasias.
Liver Dysfunction: trimethadione is metabolized in the liver, and its excretion occurs through the kidneys. It should be used cautiously or avoided in individuals with severe liver dysfunction, as it may lead to drug accumulation and potential toxicity.
Porphyria: trimethadione is contraindicated in individuals with porphyria, a group of rare inherited disorders that affect heme production, a hemoglobin component.

Caution:

Blood Dyscrasias: trimethadione has been associated with rare but severe blood disorders, including aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis.
Liver Function: trimethadione is metabolized in the liver, and its excretion occurs through the kidneys.
Skin Reactions: trimethadione may cause skin reactions, including rash and photosensitivity.
Bone Marrow Suppression: trimethadione may suppress bone marrow function, reducing blood cell production.

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: trimethadione may pose risks to the developing fetus and should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is known.

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   

Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:

trimethadione is an anticonvulsant medication used primarily to treat absence seizures (petit mal seizures) in patients with epilepsy. Its pharmacological properties involve interactions with various neural pathways and neurotransmitter systems in the brain.

T-type Calcium Channel Blockade: trimethadione is thought to exert its anticonvulsant effects by blocking T-type calcium channels in neurons. T-type calcium channels play a role in regulating neuronal excitability, and their blockade may help stabilize neuronal activity and reduce the occurrence of absence seizures.
Modulation of GABAergic System: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. trimethadione may enhance the effects of GABA by increasing its release or inhibiting its reuptake, leading to increased inhibitory effects on neuronal activity. This enhancement of GABAergic transmission contributes to the anticonvulsant properties of trimethadione.
Inhibition of Glutamate Release: Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. trimethadione may also reduce glutamate release, further contributing to its anticonvulsant effects by dampening excessive neuronal excitability.
Sodium Channel Inhibition: trimethadione may also have some inhibitory effects on voltage-gated sodium channels in neurons, contributing to its anticonvulsant properties.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption

trimethadione is administered orally in the form of tablets or capsules. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream.

Distribution

trimethadione, including the central nervous system (CNS), is distributed throughout the body. It can cross the blood-brain barrier, crucial for its anticonvulsant effects.

Metabolism

trimethadione undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism in the liver. The primary metabolic pathway involves the formation of metabolites, including dimethadione and mono-hydroxy trimethadione. These metabolites are thought to contribute to the drug’s anticonvulsant activity.

Elimination and Excretion

The metabolites of trimethadione are primarily excreted in the urine. Only a tiny portion of the drug and its metabolites are excreted in the feces.

Adminstartion

Administration:

Oral administration

trimethadione is taken orally with or without food.

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: trimethadione

Why do we use trimethadione?

trimethadione is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat certain types of seizures, particularly absence seizures (petit mal seizures), in patients with epilepsy.

The primary use of trimethadione is to help manage and control these specific seizure types. Absence seizures are characterized by brief episodes of unconsciousness or “spacing out,” often lasting only a few seconds.

trimethadione helps reduce the frequency and severity of absence seizures by stabilizing neural activity in the brain, particularly in areas responsible for generating these specific seizure types.

trimethadione

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

trimethadione

&

trimethadione +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

trimethadione

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

trimethadione

&

trimethadione +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

medtigo

trimethadione

Brand Name :

Synonyms :

Class :

Action and Spectrum

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet

CONTACT INFORMATION

ADDRESS

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