molindone

medtigo

molindone

Brand Name :

Moban

Synonyms :

molindone

Class :

Antipsychotic Agents (First Generation [Typical]), Neurotoxic agents, Psychotropic Drugs

Action and Spectrum

Actions and Spectrum:

molindone is an antipsychotic medication that blocks dopamine receptors in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, motivation, and movement, among other things. By blocking dopamine receptors, molindone helps to reduce the activity of dopamine in the brain, which can help to alleviate symptoms of psychosis, such as delusions and hallucinations.
molindone has a broad spectrum of activity against various symptoms of psychosis, including positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations and delusions) and negative symptoms (e.g., lack of motivation and social withdrawal). It is also effective in treating mood disorders such as depression and mania.

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Frequency not defined

Depression

Euphoria

Akathisia

Dystonia

Tachycardia

Dry mouth

Drowsiness

Hyperactivity

Extrapyramidal symptoms

Parkinson syndrome

Tardive dyskineisa

Nausea

Salivation

Constipation

Amenorrhea

Galactorrhea

Leukopenia

Lens opacities and pigmentary retinopathy

Urinary retention

Priapism

Gynecomastia

Libido increased

Alteration in liver function tests

T-wave changes (transient, rare)

Rash

Black Box Warning

Black box warning:

molindone carries a black box warning for increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis. Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs like molindone are at an increased risk of death compared to placebo

Contraindication / Caution

Contraindications/caution:

Contraindications:

molindone has several contraindications, which are as follows:

Hypersensitivity: molindone is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug.
Central Nervous System Depression: molindone may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression, such as sedation or respiratory depression. Therefore, it is contraindicated in patients with CNS depression or coma.
Blood Dyscrasias: molindone may cause blood dyscrasias, such as agranulocytosis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Therefore, it is contraindicated in patients with a history of blood dyscrasias.
Severe Hepatic or Renal Impairment: molindone is metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, it is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment.
Parkinson’s Disease: molindone may worsen Parkinson’s disease symptoms. Therefore, it is contraindicated in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Breastfeeding: molindone is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore, it is contraindicated in women who are breastfeeding.

Caution:

molindone should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions or specific populations, such as:

Cardiovascular disease: molindone may cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to falls and other cardiovascular events. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Seizure Disorders: molindone may lower the seizure threshold and cause seizures in patients with a history of seizure disorders. Therefore, it should be used with caution in these patients.

Pregnancy: molindone should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus. It is recommended that the lowest effective dose be used during pregnancy.

Elderly Patients: Elderly patients may be more susceptible to the anticholinergic effects of molindone, which can lead to confusion, constipation, and other adverse effects. Therefore, it should be used with caution in elderly patients.

Pediatric Patients: The safety and efficacy of molindone in pediatric patients have not been established. Therefore, it should be used with caution in this population.

Alcohol and Other CNS Depressants: molindone may potentiate the CNS depressant effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants, such as benzodiazepines and opioids. Therefore, concomitant use should be avoided or used with caution.

Endocrine Disorders: molindone may interfere with endocrine function, causing galactorrhea or gynecomastia. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients with endocrine disorders.

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data available

Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknown

Pregnancy category:

Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.

Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.

Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.

Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.

Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.

Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category

Pharmacology

Pharmacology:

molindone is an antipsychotic medication that works primarily by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. Specifically, molindone acts as a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist, which means it binds to and inhibits the activity of these receptors. This leads to a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission in the brain, which can help alleviate symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations and delusions.
molindone also has some affinity for other receptors, including serotonin (5-HT2) and alpha-adrenergic receptors, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects.

Pharmacodynamics:

The pharmacodynamics of molindone is related to its mechanism of action as a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist in the brain. By blocking the activity of these receptors, molindone reduces the levels of dopamine neurotransmission, which is believed to be involved in the pathophysiology of psychosis.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption

molindone is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations reached within 2-3 hours.

Distribution

molindone is highly protein-bound, with approximately 76% bound to plasma proteins.

Metabolism

molindone is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 enzyme.

Elimination and Excretion

The half-life of molindone is approximately 15 hours. The metabolites of molindone are excreted primarily in the urine, with approximately 2-3% excreted unchanged in the urine and feces.

Adminstartion

Administration:

molindone is typically administered orally in tablet form. The recommended starting dose is 5 to 10 mg twice daily, gradually increasing as needed and tolerated. The maximum recommended daily dose is 225 mg/day.
molindone should be taken with food or milk to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects. The tablets should be swallowed whole, not crushed, chewed, or broken.
The dosage and duration of treatment with molindone depend on the specific condition being treated and the patient’s response to the medication.

Patient Information Leaflet

Patient information leaflet

Generic Name: molindone

Why do we use molindone?

molindone is an antipsychotic medication that is primarily used for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It may also be used to manage severe behavioral disturbances in patients with dementia, such as aggression and agitation, as well as to control tics and vocalizations associated with Tourette’s syndrome

molindone

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

molindone

&

molindone +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

molindone

No data available for drug.

DRUG INTERACTION

molindone

&

molindone +

Contraindicated

Serious Use Alternative

Monitor Closely

Minor

medtigo

molindone

Brand Name :

Synonyms :

Class :

Action and Spectrum

Dosing & Uses

Drug Interaction

Adverse Reaction

Black Box Warning

Contraindication / Caution

Pregnancy / Lactation

Pharmacology

Adminstartion

Patient Information Leaflet