Performance Comparison of Microfluidic and Immunomagnetic Platforms for Pancreatic CTC Enrichment
November 15, 2025
Brand Name :
Zokinvy
Synonyms :
lonafarnib 
Class :
Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors, Miscellaneous metabolic agents
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
CapsuleÂ
50mgÂ
75mgÂ
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria SyndromeÂ
Indicated for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome
Initial dose: 115 mg/ m2 orally two times a day in the morning, evening with meals
After four months: enhance the dose to 150 mg/ m2 orally two times a day
Adjust the total daily dose to the nearest 25 mg increments
Progeroid Laminopathies
Initial dose: 115 mg/ m2 orally two times a day in the morning, evening with meals
After four months: enhance the dose to 150 mg/ m2 orally two times a day
Adjust the total daily dose to the nearest 25 mg increments
Note:
This drug is generally indicated for the treatment of processing-deficient progeroid laminopathies typically characterized by the accumulation of progerin-like protein due to heterozygous LMNA mutation, as well as for homozygous/compound heterozygous ZMPSTE24 mutations
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
CapsuleÂ
50mgÂ
75mgÂ
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria SyndromeÂ
Indicated for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome
Age >12 months, BSA >0.39 m2
Initial dose: 115 mg/ m2 orally two times a day in the morning, evening with meals
After four months: enhance the dose to 150 mg/ m2 orally two times a day
Adjust the total daily dose to the nearest 25 mg increments
Progeroid Laminopathies
Age >12 months, BSA >0.39 m2
Initial dose: 115 mg/ m2 orally two times a day in the morning, evening with meals
After four months: enhance the dose to 150 mg/ m2 orally two times a day
Adjust the total daily dose to the nearest 25 mg increments
Note:
This drug is generally indicated for the treatment of processing-deficient progeroid laminopathies typically characterized by the accumulation of progerin-like protein due to heterozygous LMNA mutation, as well as for homozygous/compound heterozygous ZMPSTE24 mutations
Refer to adult dosingÂ
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
It may enhance the effect when combined with grapefruit by CYP3A4 metabolism
may enhance the concentration of serum when combined with lonafarnib
lonafarnib: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
lonafarnib: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
lonafarnib: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
lonafarnib: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
lonafarnib: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
When naficillin combines with lonafarnib, nafcillin will decrease the effect of action of lonafarnib by affecting enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism.
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of lonafarnib by affecting hepatic or intestinal enzyme cyp3a4 metabolism  
lapatinib increases the effect of lonafarnib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of Lonafarnib by affecting hepatic or intestinal enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism 
pexidartinib decreases the effect or level of lonafarnib by altering the intestinal/hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may diminish the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may diminish the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may diminish the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may diminish the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may diminish the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inhibitors
when both drugs combine lonafarnib will increase effect of ifosfamide by affecting the enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism.
cyclophosphamide effect of action increased by affecting enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism.
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased level of serum concentration of lonafarnib   
the lonafarnib, interacting with brentuximab, shows increased effect by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism.
the effect of lonafarnib is increased by lenvatinib by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism. Avoid or take an alternate drug.
CYP3A strong enhancers of the small intestine may reduce the bioavailability of lonafarnib
it will increase the impact or level of regorafenib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
it increases the concentration of lonafarnib in serum
it increases the effect or level of ruxolitinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
methimazole increases the effect of lonafarnib by altering intestinal or hepatic metabolism
danazol increases the effect or level of lonafarnib by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
may increase the level of zonisamide by affecting hepatic enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism
OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increase the concentration of elagolix in the serum
OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increase the concentration of elbasvir and grazoprevir in the serum
OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increase the concentration of voxilaprevir in the serum
may enhance the serum concentration of elbasvir/grazoprevir
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) inhibitors increase the concentration of asunaprevir in the serum
OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) inhibitors increase the concentration of elbasvir and grazoprevir in the serum
BCRP/ABCG2 inhibitors increase the concentration of pazobanib in the serum
OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) inhibitors increase the concentration of taurursodiol in the serum
it increases the concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 substrates in the serum
it may diminish the metabolism when combined with zuclopenthixol
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
When dexrabeprazole and lonafarnib is used together, this leads to reduction in the dexrabeprazole’s metabolism
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Metabolic agents
lonafarnib: it may enhance the serum concentration of simvastatin
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced excretion rate of topotecan and result in an elevated level of serum concentration  
increase the therapeutic effect of daunorubicin by P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
increase the therapeutic effect of idarubicin by P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
may increase the levels serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) substrates
OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increase the concentration of brincidofovir in the serum
OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increase the concentration of eluxadoline in the serum
may increase the serum concentration of OAT1/3 substrates
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
It may enhance the effect when combined with lonafarnib by affecting the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
Actions and Spectrum:Â
lonafarnib is a drug that belongs to a class of medications called farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs). It acts by generally inhibiting the activity of an enzyme called farnesyltransferase, which is involved in a process called protein prenylation. This process is necessary to activate specific proteins involved in the growth, proliferation of cells, including cancer cells.Â
By inhibiting farnesyltransferase, lonafarnib can block the activation of these proteins, leading to decreased cell growth and proliferation. lonafarnib has been studied as a potential treatment for several conditions, including cancer, progeria, and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection.Â
In cancer, lonafarnib has been shown to inhibit the growth, proliferation of various cancer cells, including those in pancreatic, lung, and breast cancers. It has also been researched with promising results with other cancer treatments, like chemotherapy, radiation therapy.Â
In progeria, a rare genetic disorder that causes premature aging, lonafarnib has been shown to improve survival and reduce the incidence of certain complications associated with the disease.Â
In HDV infection, lonafarnib has been shown to inhibit the replication of the virus, which can lead to improved results for patients with this difficult-to-treat condition.Â
Overall, the action of lonafarnib is to inhibit the activity of farnesyltransferase, leading to decreased activation of specific proteins involved in the cell growth and proliferation. Its spectrum of activity includes cancer, progeria, and hepatitis delta virus infection.Â
Frequency definedÂ
>10%Â
Infection (78%)Â
Abdominal pain (48%)Â
Electrolyte abnormalities (43%)Â
Nausea (56%)Â
Headache (37%)Â
Musculoskeletal pain (48%)Â
Constipation (22%)Â
Decreased weight (37%)Â
Myelosuppression (35%)Â
Increased ALT (27%)Â
Diarrhea (81%)Â
Increased AST (35%)Â
Cerebral ischemia (11%)Â
Decreased appetite/anorexia (53%)Â
Ocular changes (24%)Â
Pyrexia (14%)Â
Hypertension (29%)Â
Rash (11%)Â
Rhinitis (19%)Â
Epistaxis (21%)Â
Fatigue (51%)Â
Upper respiratory tract infection (51%)Â
Cough (33%)Â
Vomiting (90%)Â
Decreased blood bicarbonate (33%)Â
1-10%Â
Dehydration (5%)Â
Flatulence (6%)Â
Pruritus (8%)Â
Mucositis (8%)Â
Depressed mood (5%)Â
Black Box Warning:Â
lonafarnib has a black box warning for the potential risk of severe or fatal liver toxicity. This warning is based on reports of liver toxicity in clinical trials, including hepatic failure and death.Â
Patients taking lonafarnib should have regular liver function tests to monitor for any signs of liver damage, such as elevated liver enzymes. The drug should be discontinued if liver function test abnormalities persist or worsen or there are clinical signs of liver damage.Â
lonafarnib should not be used in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment, and caution should be exercised in patients with mild hepatic impairment. The drug should also be used cautiously in patients taking other medications that cause liver damage.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationÂ
lonafarnib has several contraindications, which means the drug should not be used on specific individuals. These include:Â
It is essential to discuss all current medications and medical conditions with a healthcare provider before taking lonafarnib to determine whether it is appropriate and safe for use.Â
CautionÂ
Several cautions should be considered before taking lonafarnib. These include:Â
As with all drugs, it is essential to discuss any current medications and medical conditions with a healthcare provider before taking lonafarnib to determine if the drug is appropriate and safe for use.Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
US FDA pregnancy category: Not assignedÂ
Lactation:  Â
Excreted into human milk is Not known.Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
lonafarnib is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as farnesyltransferase inhibitors. Farnesyltransferase is an enzyme involved in modifying certain proteins in cells, including the protein called lamin A. Mutations in the gene that encodes lamin A can cause several rare genetic disorders, including progeria and progeroid laminopathies.Â
lonafarnib works by inhibiting the activity of farnesyltransferase, which can prevent the abnormal modification of lamin A in cells. This can improve cellular function and slow disease progression in individuals with these rare genetic disorders.Â
lonafarnib is also being studied as a potential treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow. The drug acts by targeting a protein called RAS, which is often mutated in AML and can contribute to the growth, spread of cancer cells.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Mechanism of action: The method by which it works is through an FTI taken orally. The inhibitor targets Farnesyltransferase, an enzyme that modifies proteins through prenylation.Â
A mutation in the LMNA gene results in the excessive production of progerin, an aberrantly farnesylated protein. The build-up of progerin in the inner nuclear membrane is caused by persistent farnesylation and is at least partly responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS).Â
The accumulation of faulty lamin A protein renders the nucleus unstable, resulting in premature aging in children with progeria.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
lonafarnib is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 2-4 hours after dosing. The drug is administered orally as capsules and should be generally taken with food, as this improves its absorption.Â
DistributionÂ
lonafarnib is extensively distributed throughout the body, with a volume of distribution of approximately 0.5-1.5 L/kg. The drug is highly protein-bound, approximately 99% bound to plasma proteins.Â
MetabolismÂ
The liver primarily metabolizes lonafarnib through oxidative metabolism, mediated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system. The primary metabolite of lonafarnib is called lonafarnib M, which is pharmacologically active and contributes to the drug’s effects.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
lonafarnib and its metabolites are primarily eliminated in the feces, with only a tiny amount in the urine. The elimination half-life of lonafarnib is approximately 3-5 hours.Â
Administration:Â
Oral administrationÂ
lonafarnib is available as a capsule for oral administration. The capsules should be generally swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.Â
The recommended dose of lonafarnib varies depending on the indication and the patient’s medical history. The drug should be taken under the close monitoring of a physician who is experienced in the use of the drug.Â
lonafarnib should be taken with food, as this may help to improve absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) side effects such as nausea and vomiting. The drug should be taken simultaneously each day to maintain consistent blood levels.Â
If a dose is missed, taking it as soon as possible is generally recommended. However, if the next scheduled dose is missed, it should be skipped and the following dose should be taken at the appropriate time. It is important to avoid taking a double dose of the medication to compensate for the missed dose.
If a patient experiences any side effects while taking lonafarnib, they should contact their healthcare provider for advice. If a patient experiences a severe or life-threatening side effect, they should seek emergency medical attention immediately.Â
It is key to follow all instructions provided by the healthcare provider regarding the administration of lonafarnib and to not adjust the dose or frequency of the drug without first consulting with the provider.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: lonafarnib Â
Pronounced: [ LOE-na-FAR-nib ]Â
Why do we use lonafarnib?Â
lonafarnib is a medication that is used for the treatment of several rare genetic disorders. These disorders are caused by gene mutations that regulate the function of a farnesyltransferase protein. lonafarnib works by inhibiting the activity of farnesyltransferase, which can improve symptoms and slow disease progression in affected individuals.Â
The specific uses of lonafarnib include:Â
It is important to note that lonafarnib is only approved for use in specific indications and should only be used under the close monitor of a physician who is experienced in drug use.Â