Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Novocain, Mericaine
Synonyms :
procaine
Class :
Local injectable anesthetics
Brand Name :
Novocain, Mericaine
Synonyms :
procaine
Class :
Local injectable anesthetics
Dosage forms& StrengthsÂ
Injectable solution, Compounding powderÂ
may increase the risk or severity of methemoglobinemia when miltefosine is combined
bupivacaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
benzyl alcohol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
capecitabine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
capsaicin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
diphenhydramine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
dyclonine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
estetrol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
furosemide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
levobupivacaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
lidocaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
mepivacaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
nedaplatin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
acemetacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
acetazolamide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
acetylsalicyclic acid: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
amiloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
amitriptyline: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ammonium chloride: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
benorilate: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
benserazide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
benzatropine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bepotastine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bismuth subgallate: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bisoxatin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
pheneticillin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinchocaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
doxycycline: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
enoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
eravacycline: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
moricizine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
oxybuprocaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
piperazine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
promazine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
spirapril: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
carvedilol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
ambroxol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
amikacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
aminophenazone: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
alteplase: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
ceforanide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bicisate: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bleomycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bivalirudin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
alogliptin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
alvimopan: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
balsalazide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents: they may increase the toxic effect when combined with local anesthetics
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with protein kinase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with protein kinase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with protein kinase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with protein kinase inhibitors
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with protein kinase inhibitors
When cyclacillin is used together with procaine, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of methemoglobinemia
when aclarubicin is combined with procaine, there is an increased risk of methemoglobinemia
pramoxine /hydrocortisone topicalÂ
may increase the adverse effect
may increase the toxic effect
may increase the toxic effects of local anaesthetics
may increase the toxic effect of local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may increases the adverse effect of Local Anesthetics
may increase the adverse effect of Local Anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with methemoglobinemia agents
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with methemoglobinemia agents
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with prilocaine
sodium thiosulfate & sodium nitriteÂ
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with sodium nitrite
may increase the toxic effect of Local Anesthetics
may increase the adverse effects when combined
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with methemoglobinemia agents
may increase the adverse effect of local anesthetics
may enhance the toxic effect of each other when combined
may enhance the toxic effect of each other when combined
may enhance the toxic effect of each other when combined
may enhance the toxic effect of each other when combined
may enhance the toxic effect of each other when combined
dichlorphenamide : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
cimetidine : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
bupropion : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
amphetamine : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
guanethidine : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
labetalol : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
tramadol : it may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
the risk of methemoglobinemia may be increased
azithromycin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
betaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bevacizumab: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
abiraterone: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
acetohexamide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
bedaquiline: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
benazepril: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
calfactant: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
cannabidiol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
penfluridol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
pentoxyverine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
acenocoumarol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia agents
the risk of methemoglobinemia may be increased
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
baclofen: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
baricitinib: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
capreomycin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
carbamazepine: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
carbidopa: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
diclofenac: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
diclofenamide: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
dicyclomine: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
diflunisal: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
diflucortolone: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
chloroprocaine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
cinoxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
ciprofloxacin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
doxacurim: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
estradiol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
pyronaridine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
perphenazine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
celiprolol: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
chlorothiazide: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
chlorpromazine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
ergometrine: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia associated agents
Actions and spectrum:Â
This drug exerts it action primarily by blocking the influx of sodium through the voltage-gated channels in neuronal cell membranes of peripheral nerves and stops the generation of action potentials by inhibiting sodium entry leading to the blockage of transmission of impulses. It is believed that the receptor site is situated on the inner part of the sodium channel, and in addition, procaine has been found to bind or oppose the activities of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and serotonin receptor-channel complexes.Â
Adverse reactionsÂ
Pain in chestÂ
NauseaÂ
TremblingÂ
DizzinessÂ
Difficulty breathingÂ
Swelling of the lipsÂ
HivesÂ
SeizuresÂ
Pain at the site of injectionÂ
Black box warningÂ
Should be used with caution to avoid injury during injection Â
Contraindications/CautionÂ
Myasthenia gravisÂ
Pseudocholinesterase deficiencyÂ
PregnancyÂ
LactationÂ
Systemic lupus erythematosusÂ
Pregnancy & breastfeeding:Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â
It is not safe to use this drug in pregnancyÂ
Breastfeeding warnings:Â
Data about the excretion of the drug into human milk is not knownÂ
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
Procaine is a prototype of ester containing local anesthetic property with shorter duration and slow onset of action. As it is poorly lipid soluble, topical effects are lowered.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
It is widely used to generate a local or regional anesthesia. Procaine, just like cocaine, has the additional use of contracting blood vessels, which stops the flow of blood, as opposed to other local anesthetics like lidocaine. Procaine is one of the ester anesthetics that are metabolized in the blood plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase through hydrolyzing it into para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) which is then excreted in the urine by the kidneys.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
Metabolism:Â Â
It undergoes hydrolysis to form p-aminobenzoic acid by the action of plasma esterase.Â
Elimination:Â
It is eliminated rapidly via tubular excretion when the kidney functions normally.Â
Half-life:Â Â
7.7 minutesÂ
Administration:Â
It should be administered as an injection as advised by the physician.
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: procaineÂ
Pronounced: Pro-ka-ainÂ
Why do we use procaine?Â
It is a local anesthetic that is primarily used for spinal block, infiltration anesthesia and peripheral nerve block. It is also studied to be used as an oral entry inhibitor in case of HIV patients those are treatment- experienced.Â
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