Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
BACiiM
Synonyms :
Fortracin, Baciguent, Bacitracinum, bacitracin A
Class :
Polypeptides
Brand Name :
BACiiM
Synonyms :
Fortracin, Baciguent, Bacitracinum, bacitracin A
Class :
Polypeptides
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Not indicatedÂ
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Injectable SolutionÂ
50,000 units/vialÂ
If the child's weight falls below 2.5 kg, give 900/units/kg/day Intramuscular injection twice daily
If the weight falls above 2.5 kg, give 1000 units/kg/day Intramuscular injection twice daily
For children, administer 800-1200 units/kg/day three times a day
Not indicatedÂ
clofarabine and bacitracin are both known to elevate the risk of nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity
may have a decrease in excretion rate when combined with tetradecyl sulfuric acid
dihydrostreptomycin Sulfate may intensify the nephrotoxic effects of bacitracin (systemic)
when both drugs combine the risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity increases.
avoid the combination as it may increase nephrotoxicity
avoid the combination as it may increase nephrotoxicity
may increase the toxic effect of aminoglycosides
may have an increased nephrotoxic effect when combined with bacitracin
it increases the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
it increases the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
it increases the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
it increases the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
it increases the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
bacitracin has the potential to reduce the rate of excretion of idebenone, leading to an elevation in levels of serum
When loracarbef is used together with bacitracin, the risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity is enhanced
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with polypeptide antibiotic
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with polypeptide antibiotic
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with polypeptide antibiotic
When bacitracin is used together with capsaicin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of methemoglobinemia
When bacitracin is used together with cephaloglycin, this leads to increased risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
bacitracin, when combined with aceclofenac, is serious and risky, leading to nephrotoxicity
bacitracin, when combined with acyclovir, is serious and risky, leading to nephrotoxicity
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of alprazolam will increase, leading to decreased output of alprazolam from the body
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of warfarin will increase, leading to decreased output of warfarin from the body
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of tolbutamide will increase, leading to decreased output of tolbutamide from the body
bacitracin, when combined with sulfasalazine, is serious and risky, leading to nephrotoxicity
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of streptomycin will increase, leading to decreased output of streptomycin from the body
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of sitagliptin will increase, leading to decreased output of sitagliptin from the body
when combined with bacitracin, the serum level of salbutamol will increase, leading to decreased output of salbutamol from the body
When cefmenoxime is used together with bacitracin, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
When bacitracin is used together with droxicam, this leads to enhanced risk or seriousness of nephrotoxicity
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of eucalyptus oil which leads to increased level of serum
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of chromous sulfate, which leads to an increased level of serum
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of pentaerythritol tetranitrate, which leads to an increased level of serum
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of potassium acetate, which leads to an increased level of serum
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of potassium perchlorate, which leads to an increased level of serum
gadopentetic acid may decrease the excretion rate of bacitracin, potentially resulting in a higher serum level
bacitracin leads to a reduction in the rate of excretion of nitric oxide, which leads to an increased level of serum
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of iothalamic acid
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of abacavir CNS depressant
bacitracin: it may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding with risedronic acid
bacitracin: it may increase the risk of methemoglobinemia with ambroxol
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of thiabendazole
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
bacitracin: it may decrease the excretion rate of metheglobinemia associated agents
bacitracin may decrease the excretion rate of almasilate, leading to higher serum levels
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
may diminish the therapeutic effect of drug
May increase the nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics
May increase the nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics
choline magnesium trisalicylate
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Salicylates
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Glycosurics
the rate of excretion of aurothioglucose may be reduced with bacitracin
the risk of methemoglobinemia may be increased
the risk of nephrotoxicity may be increased
the risk of nephrotoxicity may be increased
bacitracin might lead to a reduction in the rate of excretion of telavancin, potentially leading to elevated levels of serum
Actions and Spectrum:Â
Actions:Â
The bacterial cell wall synthesis outside the inner membrane is facilitated by membrane carrier molecules such as bactoprenol and dephosphorylation of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate which is interfered by bacitracin which leads to inhibition of the cell wall synthesis of bacteria that reduces infection.Â
Spectrum:Â
bacitracin shows narrow range of spectrum of activity that is limited to the data of susceptibility. For staphylococcus aureus it is between 0.03 ÎĽg/mL and 700 ÎĽg/mL, for Staphylococcus epidermis it is between 0.25 ÎĽg/mL and more than 16 ÎĽg/mL, and for streptococcus pyogenes it is between 0.5 ÎĽg/mL and more than 16 ÎĽg/mL.Â
Frequency Not DefinedÂ
RashÂ
ItchingÂ
PainÂ
Hypersensitivity reactionÂ
NauseaÂ
VomitingÂ
Black Box Warning:Â
If there is no confirmation of bacterial infection of suspected bacteria for which bacitracin is prescribed will not give benefit to the patient but results in the resistant of bacteria to this drug.
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationsÂ
CautionsÂ
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy.Â
Breastfeeding warnings:Â Â
No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk.Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the foetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the foetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human foetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology:Â
The bacterial cell wall synthesis outside the inner membrane is facilitated by membrane carrier molecules such as bactoprenol and dephosphorylation of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate which is interfered by bacitracin which leads to inhibition of the cell wall synthesis of bacteria that reduces infection. But among systemic diseases, bacitracin is active against only staphylococcal infections and few streptococci infections.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Here are the key pharmacodynamic aspects of bacitracin:Â
Cyclic polypeptide antibiotic mixture in which bacitracin will interfere with the bacterial cell wall synthesis where dephosphorylation Is stopped and DNA split occurs. It is said that nephrotoxicity of bacitracin occurs when given IM which results in the renal failure.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
bacitracin is absorbed completely and rapid when given IM. Whereas other formulations are poorly absorbed systemically.Â
DistributionÂ
Serum levels in the range of 0.2 and 2 mcg/mL is established with dose of 200 or 300 units/kg when given quarterly in individuals who has normal kidney function. Widely distributed in all body organs.Â
MetabolismÂ
bacitracin is a protein which is to be metabolised into smaller forms such s amino acids and smaller poly peptides but the outfit of bacitracin has some cover to avoid the action of proteases.Â
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
Glomerular filtration helps in the excretion of this bacitracin slowly which is 87%.Â
Administration:Â
Use of this drug bacitracin should be topical as it is slowly absorbed into the systemic circulation whereas IM administration of this will lead to renal failure due to nephrotoxicity. Monitoring of renal function with confirmed lab reports during the therapy with bacitracin is highly recommended.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: bacitracinÂ
Pronounced: BAS-i-TRAY-sinÂ
Why do we use bacitracin?Â
Bacitracin is an antibiotic used to treat several bacterial infections like skin infections, pneumonia in infants and also treats the pus which is caused due to infection between lungs and outside the membrane, so bacitracin is given IM that is effective against only staphylococci infection. Also, it is available as topical ointment for external application. Â
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