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Brand Name :
Inbrija
Synonyms :
levodopa inhaled
Class :
Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine Agonists
Brand Name :
Inbrija
Synonyms :
levodopa inhaled
Class :
Antiparkinson Agents, Dopamine Agonists
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Capsule- inhalation
42mg/capsule
Capsule only for oral inhalation with the Inbrija inhaler
84
mg
Orally inhaled as needed using the supplied inhaler
Do not exceed > 5 doses per day
Note:
Indicated for the treatment of OFF episodes in Parkinson's disease patients receiving carbidopa/levodopa
Begin when symptoms of the OFF period reappear
Safety and efficacy not established
Refer adult dosing
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
anti-Parkinson Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-psychotic Agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may diminish the serum concentration of iron preparations
may decrease the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
It may increase the arrhythmogenic effect when combined with epinephrine (Systemic)
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with bupivacaine
it increases the toxicity of bupivacaine
they increase the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
they increase the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
they increase the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
they increase the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
they increase the effect of neuromuscular blockage of neuromuscular-blocking agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may diminish the therapeutic effect of antipsychotic agents
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with levodopa-containing products
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with levodopa-containing products
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with levodopa-containing products
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with levodopa-containing products
may have an increased hypotensive effect when combined with levodopa-containing products
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
inhalational anesthetics increase the effect of hypotension of calcium channel blockers
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
dried ferrous sulfate / sodium ascorbate
this leads to decreased serum levels of levodopa
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of hypotension and orthostatic hypotension
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-Prolonging Anesthetics
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-Prolonging Anesthetics
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-Prolonging Anesthetics
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-Prolonging Anesthetics
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-Prolonging Anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
methemoglobinemia associated agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of local anesthetics
May enhance the effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism
May enhances the effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism
may reduce the therapeutic effect of anti-parkinson agents
may increase the hypotensive effect of antihypertensives
may increase the toxic effect
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of inhalational anesthetics
may increase the toxic effect of methemoglobinemia associated agents
may increase the hypotensive effect of calcium channel blockers
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increased neuromuscular-blocking effect when combined with neuromuscular-blocking agents
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may have an increasingly adverse effect when combined with local anesthetics
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of Inhalational Anaesthetics
may increase the adverse effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may increase the adverse effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may increase the hypotensive effect of QT-Prolonging Inhalational Anesthetics
may increase the adverse effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may increase the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may increase the adverse effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
acetaminophen/doxylamine/dextromethorphan
may enhance the toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
may decrease the therapeutic effect of anesthetics
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
dried ferrous sulfate/folic acid
this leads to decreased serum levels of levodopa
scopolamine increases the effect of levodopa
Actions and Spectrum:
levodopa is a medication used to treat symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). It works by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain, which is a neurotransmitter that is deficient in people with Parkinson’s disease.
levodopa is usually taken orally in the form of a pill, but some recent studies have investigated the use of levodopa inhalation as a potential alternative delivery method. Inhaled levodopa has the advantage of reaching the brain more quickly than oral levodopa, potentially leading to a faster and more consistent response.
Frequency Defined
>10%
Cough (15%)
1-10%
Discolored sputum (5%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (6%)
Nausea (5%)
Fall (3%)
Dyskinesia (4%)
Vomiting (3%)
Chest discomfort (2%)
Nasopharyngitis (3%)
Increased bilirubin (2%)
Headache (2%)
Decreased RBC count (2%)
Black Box Warning
The black box warning for levodopa inhaled states that the drug may cause serious and life-threatening side effects, including sudden onset of sleep, sleep-related eating disorder, and impulse control disorders.
Contraindication/Caution:
levodopa inhaled may cause the following contraindications and cautions:
Pregnancy and lactation: levodopa inhaled is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation as the safety of this medication in these populations is not well-established.
Pregnancy warnings:
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: Excreted into human milk is known
Pregnancy Categories:
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.
Category B: There were lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the foetus in animal experiments.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:
levodopa inhaled is a medication used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It is a form of levodopa that is delivered directly to the lungs through inhalation, providing a faster onset of action compared to oral levodopa. Pharmacodynamics:
levodopa is a pro-drug of dopamine, which is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. When levodopa is inhaled, it is rapidly absorbed through the lungs and quickly reaches the bloodstream. The conversion of levodopa to dopamine takes place in the peripheral tissues, including the liver and the small intestine, as well as the brain.
The dopamine produced from the conversion of levodopa acts on the dopamine receptors in the brain to increase their activation, which helps to improve motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. This increased activation of dopamine receptors can lead to improved mobility, reduced tremors, and improved coordination.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
When levodopa is inhaled, it is absorbed quickly into the bloodstream through the lungs, bypassing the digestive system. This allows for faster onset of action compared to oral levodopa.
Distribution
Once absorbed into the bloodstream, levodopa is distributed throughout the body and is taken up by the brain where it acts on dopamine receptors to improve symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
Metabolism
levodopa is metabolized in the liver by the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) into its inactive form, 3-O-methyldopa.
Elimination and Excretion
The inactive form of levodopa is eliminated from the body mainly through urine
Administration:
Orally inhaled administration
levodopa inhaled (also known as Inhalable Levodopa) is a form of treatment for Parkinson’s disease and is delivered through an inhaler device. The administration of levodopa inhaled involves the following steps:
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: levodopa inhaled
Why do we use levodopa inhaled?
levodopa inhaled is used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, which is a progressive disorder that affects movement. It is believed to work by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain, which helps to improve muscle function and reduce tremors, stiffness, and other motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
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