Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Ayvakit
Synonyms :
avapritinib
Class :
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antineoplastics
Brand Name :
Ayvakit
Synonyms :
avapritinib
Class :
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antineoplastics
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
25mgÂ
50mgÂ
100mgÂ
200mgÂ
300mgÂ
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)Â
300
mg
Tablet
Orally 
every day
200
mg
Tablet
Orally 
every day
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Safety and efficacy not establishedÂ
Refer adult dosingÂ
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium oxybateÂ
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the concentration of serum when combined with avapritinib
may enhance the concentration of serum when combined with avapritinib
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
may enhance the serum concentration
CYP3A4 Inducers: they may diminish the serum concentration of avapritinib
CYP3A4 Inducers: they may diminish the serum concentration of avapritinib
It may enhance sedation when combined with codeine
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
nafcillin will decrease the effect of action of avapritinib by affecting enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism.
the effect of avapritinib is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of avapritinib by affecting hepatic or intestinal enzyme cyp3a4 metabolism  
avapritinib increases the effect of lapatinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
When both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk of bleeding and sometimes fatal hemorrhage  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk of adverse effect 
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of avapritinib in serum
metronidazole enhances the effect of avapritinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
may decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
metronidazole/tetracycline/bismuth subsalicylateÂ
the activity of avapritinib can be increased both by metronidazole and tetracycline by altering the intestinal/hepatic CYP3A4 metabolism
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the toxic effects
may increase the toxic effects
may increase the toxic effects
may increase the toxic effects
may increase the toxic effects
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect
Combining avapritinib with pranlukast may cause a reduction in the avapritinib's metabolism
When avapritinib is used together with fluconazole, this leads to reduction in the avapritinib metabolism
When acetohexamide is used together with avapritinib, this lead to reduction in acetohexamide’s metabolism
cyclophosphamide effect of action increased by affecting enzyme CYP3A4 metabolism.
Docetaxel may increase the serum level of avapritinib by affecting the enzyme CYP3A4
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when combined with danoprevir, the metabolism of avapritinib can be diminished
by altering intestinal/hepatic CYP 3A4 metabolism, the activity of avapritinib can be reduced by butabarbital
It is also approved for treating adult patients with indolent or smoldering systemic mastocytosis, aggressive systemic mastocytosis, or mast cell leukemia. These rare disorders cause too many mast cells (a type of white blood cell) to build up in the body and can lead to various symptoms, including skin rash, abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing.Â
Frequency defined:Â Â
>10%Â
All gradesÂ
AdvSMÂ
Decreased plateletsÂ
Decreased neutrophilsÂ
Increased bilirubinÂ
Decreased lymphocytesÂ
Increased alkaline phosphataseÂ
Increased creatinineÂ
Increased ALTÂ
HeadacheÂ
EdemaÂ
Decreased hemoglobinÂ
Decreased calciumÂ
Increased ASTÂ
DiarrheaÂ
NauseaÂ
Fatigue Â
VomitingÂ
Decreased sodiumÂ
GISTÂ
Decreased hemoglobinÂ
Increased bilirubinÂ
Decreased leukocytesÂ
Increased ASTÂ
Cognitive impairmentÂ
VomitingÂ
DiarrheaÂ
Increased lacrimationÂ
Decreased albuminÂ
EdemaÂ
 NauseaÂ
FatigueÂ
Decreased phosphateÂ
Decreased neutrophilsÂ
Decreased appetite Â
decreased potassiumÂ
1-10%Â
All gradesÂ
GistÂ
Thyroid disorders (hyperthyroid, hypothyroid)Â Â
Hypertension (8%)Â
Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesiaÂ
AdvSMÂ
Increased lymphocytesÂ
AlopeciaÂ
Rash Â
AnemiaÂ
PruritisÂ
Subdural hematomaÂ
HypertensionÂ
PyrexiaÂ
Acute kidney injuryÂ
Large intestine perforationÂ
CoughÂ
Herpes zosterÂ
Grade>3Â
EdemaÂ
VomitingÂ
Increased bilirubinÂ
Increased ASTÂ
Decreased sodiumÂ
Cognitive effectsÂ
Decreased potassiumÂ
Decreased magnesiumÂ
Increased ALTÂ
FatigueÂ
DiarrheaÂ
<1%Â
PyrexiaÂ
HeadacheÂ
Decreased plateletsÂ
Increased INRÂ
DizzinessÂ
Hair color changesÂ
There may be certain precautions that should be taken when using avapritinib. Some of the possible precautions associated with it include:Â
Pregnancy consideration: Insufficient data availableÂ
Lactation: Excretion of the drug in human breast milk is unknownÂ
Pregnancy category:Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.  Â
<b>Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data available with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.   Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this categoryÂ
Avapritinib is a small molecule designed to inhibit the activity of a protein called KIT. KIT is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which means that it is a type of protein that is activated when it binds to specific signaling molecules. KIT is overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells and mast cells, and its activation can contribute to the growth and proliferation of these cells.
Pharmacodynamics
The pharmacodynamics of avapritinib have yet to be fully understood, but it is thought to work by inhibiting the activity of a protein called KIT. KIT is a receptor tyrosine kinase, a type of protein activated when it binds to specific signaling molecules.
Avapritinib is a selective inhibitor of KIT, which specifically targets and blocks the activity of KIT without affecting the activity of other receptor tyrosine kinases. By inhibiting KIT, avapritinib can help to slow or stop the growth and spread of cancer cells and mast cells.In clinical studies, avapritinib effectively reduces tumor size and improves symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and mastocytosis.Â
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Avapritinib has a peak plasma time of 2-4 hours and reaches steady state by day 15. This means that the concentration of the drug in the bloodstream will reach its highest level within 2-4 hours after taking it, and it will take about 15 days of regular dosing for the concentration of the drug in the body to reach a stable level.
The peak plasma concentration and the area under the curve (AUC) of avapritinib differ depending on the condition it is being used to treat (GIST or AdvSM). The peak plasma concentration is the highest concentration of the drug in the bloodstream, while the AUC is a measure of the total amount of drug that is absorbed into the body over time.
It is also worth noting that the absorption of avapritinib can be affected by food. The peak plasma concentration and AUC of the drug increase when it is taken with a high-calorie, high-fat meal compared to when it is taken in a fasted state
Distribution
The blood-to-plasma ratio of 0.95 suggests that avapritinib is distributed throughout the body and is present in both blood and plasma in similar concentrations.The protein binding of 98.8% suggests that a high proportion of avapritinib is bound to proteins in the blood. Protein binding can affect the distribution and clearance of a drug, as it can influence the drug’s ability to enter cells and tissues.The Vd of avapritinib in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is 1,200 L, while in patients with advanced smooth muscle tumors (AdvSM), the Vd is 1,900 L. This suggests that avapritinib is widely distributed throughout the body in these patient populations
Metabolism
Avapritinib is primarily metabolized by the enzymes CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by CYP2C9. These enzymes are responsible for converting avapritinib into its active and inactive metabolites. The primary active metabolite of avapritinib is M499, which is formed through oxidative deamination. M499 has a steady-state area under the curve (AUC) of approximately 80% of the AUC of avapritinib following oral administration of a 300 mg dose. This suggests that M499 is present in the body at similar concentrations as avapritinib.
Excretion/Elimination
The half-life of avapritinib in patients with advanced smooth muscle tumors (AdvSM) is 20-39 hours, while in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), the half-life is 32-57 hours. This suggests that avapritinib is eliminated from the body at a slower rate in patients with GIST compared to those with AdvSM.
Clearance is a measure of the rate at which a drug is eliminated from the body. In patients with AdvSM, the clearance of avapritinib is 40.3 L/hr, while in patients with GIST, the clearance is 21.8 L/hr. This suggests that avapritinib is eliminated from the body at a faster rate in patients with AdvSM compared to those with GIST.
Avapritinib is primarily eliminated from the body through the feces and urine. Approximately 18% of the dose is excreted in the urine, with 0.23% being unchanged drug. Approximately 70% of the dose is excreted in the feces, with 11% being unchanged drug. This suggests that the majority of avapritinib is metabolized and eliminated as inactive metabolites in the feces and urine
Administration
Avapritinib is taken orally as a tablet and is typically administered once daily. It should be taken at approximately the same time each day and can be taken with or without food. It is important to swallow the tablets whole and not crush or chew them, as this may affect the absorption of the medication.Â
Avapritinib is usually taken under the supervision of a healthcare provider. The dosage will be individualized based on factors such as the type and severity of the condition being treated, the patient’s age and weight, and response to the medication. It is essential to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider and to take only what is prescribed.Â
If you miss a dose of avapritinib, you should take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, you should skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.Â
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: avapritinib
Pronounced: [ A-va-PRI-ti-nib ]
Why do we use avapritinib?
avapritinib is a medication used to treat certain types of cancer, specifically gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), that cannot be treated with other medications or returned after treatment. It is also used to treat certain types of mastocytosis, a rare disorder that causes too many mast cells (a type of white blood cell) to build up in the body. Avapritinib works by inhibiting a protein called KIT, which is overexpressed in specific cancer cells and mast cells. By inhibiting KIT, avapritinib can help slow or stop these cells’ growth and spread.
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