Microplastics and Misinformation: What Science Really Says
November 12, 2025
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Brand Name :
Ethinorm E, Estogen, Cyclenorm E, Secam E, Lynoral, Ncnorm E, Evomid
Synonyms :
ethinyl estradiol
Class :
Estrogens
Brand Name :
Ethinorm E, Estogen, Cyclenorm E, Secam E, Lynoral, Ncnorm E, Evomid
Synonyms :
ethinyl estradiol
Class :
Estrogens
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
Tablet Â
0.05 gÂ
0.02 mgÂ
Take a dose of 10 to 50 mcg orally one time daily
Take a dose of 0.15 to 1.5 mg orally one time daily
Safety and efficacy is not determined Â
Refer to adult dosingÂ
They may increase the thrombogenic effect when combined with asparaginase Products
may diminish the concentration of serum when combined with hormonal contraceptives
may diminish the concentration of serum when combined with hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may diminish the serum concentration
may reduce the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
aprepitant: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
asunaprevir: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
atazanavir: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
brigatinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
carfilzomib: they may increase the thrombogenic effect of hormonal contraceptives
cladribine: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of hormonal contraceptives
cobicistat: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
efavirenz: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
elagolix: they may diminish the therapeutic effect of hormonal contraceptives
exenatide: they may diminish the therapeutic effect of hormonal contraceptives
felbamate: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
fosaprepitant: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
griseofulvin: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
ivosidenib: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
ixazomib: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
lixisenatide: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of hormonal contraceptives
mavacamten: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
mifepristone: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of hormonal contraceptives
mycophenolate mofetil: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
nirmatrelvir and ritonavir: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
oxcarbazepine: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
pitolisant: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
protease inhibitors: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
tazemetostat: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
cannabidiol: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
may diminish the serum concentration of each other when combined
etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiolÂ
may diminish the serum concentration of each other when combined
may decrease the therapeutic effect of each other when combined
may diminish the concentration of serum when combined with hormonal contraceptives
octreotide: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
topiramate: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
exemestane: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
anastrozole: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
encorafenib: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
mobocertinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
omaveloxolone: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
pexidartinib: they may diminish the serum cocentration of hormonal contraceptives
tranexamic acid: they may increase the thrombogenic effect of hormonal contraceptives
fezolinetant: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
by altering intestinal/hepatic CYP 3A4 metabolism, the activity of ethinylestradiol can be reduced by butabarbital
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the serum concentration of Vitamin K Antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of vitamin K antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of vitamin K antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of vitamin K antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of vitamin K antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration of vitamin K antagonists
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
When bacampicillin combines with ethinyl estradiol the effect and action of ethinyl estradiol decreases.
When penicillin G benzathine combines with ethinyl estradiol, the effect and activity of ethinyl estradiol decreases.
cefprozil will reduce the therapeutic effects of oral forms of hormones by altering gut microflora
cefaclor will reduce the therapeutic effects of oral forms of hormones by altering gut microflora
cefepime will reduce the therapeutic effects of oral forms of hormones by altering gut microflora
cefuroxime will reduce the therapeutic effects of oral forms of hormones by altering gut microflora
protease inhibitors may reduce the level of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
protease inhibitors may reduce the level of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
protease inhibitors may reduce the level of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
protease inhibitors may reduce the level of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
protease inhibitors may reduce the level of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
CYP3A4 Inducers may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may increase the levels of serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
etravirine: they may diminish the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptive
flibanserin: they may enhance the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
thalidomide: they may increase the thrombogenic effect of hormonal contraceptives
voriconazole: they may enhance the serum concentration of hormonal contraceptives
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ergot alkaloids
It may enhance the risk of adverse reactions when combined with Ergot alkaloids
tovorafenib cannot be taken with hormonal contraceptives
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
CYP3A4 inducers decrease the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
may lower the concentration serum of products containing ethinyl estradiol
topiramate decreases the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
perampanel decreases the concentration of hormonal contraceptives in the serum
mycophenolate could potentially lead to a reduction in the concentration serum of hormonal contraceptives
Actions and SpectrumÂ
Ethinyl estradiol affects by binding to estrogen receptors in various tissues in the body.Â
Ethinyl estradiol is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female sex hormone, estradiol.  Â
It provides a stable hormonal environment, reducing the variability in hormone levels that occurs during a natural menstrual cycle.Â
Frequency not defined Â
Hypertension Â
ThromboembolismÂ
DizzinessÂ
Endometrial neoplasia Â
Endometrial cancer Â
Myocardial infarction Â
StrokeÂ
Erythema nodosumÂ
Erythema multiformeÂ
ChloasmaÂ
NauseaÂ
ThrombosisÂ
ThrombophlebitisÂ
VomitingÂ
Vascular purpuraÂ
RashÂ
Headache Â
MigraineÂ
Breast cancerÂ
Mood changes
Black Box WarningÂ
NoneÂ
Contraindication/Caution:Â
Contraindication:Â
Caution:Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â
Pregnancy category: N/AÂ
Lactation: Excretion into human milk is unknown Â
Pregnancy Categories:        Â
Category A: well-controlled and Satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.Â
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women. Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category.Â
Pharmacology Â
Ethinyl estradiol acts primarily by binding to estrogen receptors, particularly estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ).Â
Ethinyl estradiol complexes undergo nuclear translocation, influencing gene transcription and cellular responses.Â
PharmacodynamicsÂ
Ethinyl estradiol promotes the proliferation of the endometrial lining, creating a receptive environment for a potential fertilized egg.Â
Ethinyl estradiol alters the quality and quantity of cervical mucus, making it thicker and less conducive to sperm penetration. Â
PharmacokineticsÂ
Absorption  Â
Ethinyl estradiol is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Â
DistributionÂ
Ethinyl estradiol is distributed throughout the body.Â
MetabolismÂ
Ethinyl estradiol is mainly metabolized in the liver.Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
Metabolites of ethinyl estradiol are excreted in urine and feces.Â
AdministrationÂ
Ethinyl estradiol is a combined oral contraceptive (COCs) available in form of pills and it is taken orally.
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: ethinyl estradiolÂ
Why do we use ethinyl estradiol?Â
Ethyl estradiol is indicated as a COC to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation and thickening cervical mucus.  Â
Ethinyl estradiol is used to regulate menstrual cycles and manage irregular periods.Â
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