Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
Free CME credits
Both our subscription plans include Free CME/CPD AMA PRA Category 1 credits.
Brand Name :
Vaxchora
Synonyms :
cholera vaccine
Class :
Vaccines, Bacterial, Live
Dosage forms & StrengthsÂ
Oral suspension form-following reconstitutionÂ
100 ml-after reconstitutionsÂ
It is supplied as two separate foil packets – one containing a buffer and the other, active component (Lyophilised Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR).Â
Indicated for Cholera Prevention:
100
ml
Orally 
as a single dose
10
days
before the potential exposure to cholera
This vaccine is recommended for active immunization against the disease caused by species, Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 in individuals of age (2-64 years), who are travellers to active cholera transmission areas
Note:
It is recommended for adults of age (18-64 years), who are travellers from American states to active cholera transmission areas
Dosage forms & StrengthsÂ
oral suspension form-following reconstitutionÂ
50 ml/100 ml-after reconstitutionsÂ
It is supplied as two separate foil packets – one containing a buffer and the other, active component (Lyophilised Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR).Â
Indicated for Cholera Prevention
This vaccine is recommended for active immunization against the disease caused by species, Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 in individuals of age (2-64 years), who are travellers to active cholera transmission areas
Age >6 years:
100
ml
Suspension
Orally 
as a single dose,
10
days
before the potential exposure to cholera
Age 2-6 years: 50 ml orally as a single dose, atleast 10 days before the potential exposure to cholera
Age <2 years: safety and efficacy not established
Refer to adult dosing.Â
when cholera vaccine is combined with melphalan the therapeutic efficacy of the vaccine decreases
Interaction with mechlorethamine can diminish the therapeutic effect of the vaccine. Live-attenuated Vaccines should be avoided for 3 months after ending immunosuppressive therapy
Interaction with busulfan can diminish the therapeutic effect of the vaccine. Live-attenuated Vaccines should be avoided for 3 months after ending immunosuppressive therapy.
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
it may diminish the therapeutic effect of cholera Vaccine
lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin
it may diminish the therapeutic effect of cholera Vaccine
bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline
it may diminish the therapeutic effect of cholera Vaccine
it may diminish the therapeutic effect of cholera Vaccine
it may diminish the therapeutic effect of cholera Vaccine
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of cholera vaccine
lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of cholera vaccine
bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of cholera vaccine
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of cholera vaccine
antibiotics decrease the efficacy of cholera vaccine
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with cholera vaccine
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with cholera vaccine
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with cholera vaccine
nafcillin will decrease the effect of action of cholera vaccine by antagonism.
piperacillin decreases the effectiveness of cholera vaccine by antagonism.
Avoid or use an alternative. Do not administer to patients who received parenteral antibiotics within 14 days of vaccination.
When bacampicillin combines with cholera vaccine, the effect and action of vaccine decreases.
When penicillin G benzathine combines with cholera vaccine, the activity and effectiveness of the vaccine decreases.
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic effect of the vaccine 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
the interaction decreases the therapeutic effects of the vaccine
the interaction decreases the therapeutic effects of the vaccine
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
the interaction decreases the therapeutic effects of the vaccine
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced effect of the vaccine  
the interaction decreases the therapeutic effects of the vaccine
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the vaccine Â
demeclocycline may reduce the therapeutic effects of cholera vaccine
doxycycline may reduce the therapeutic effects of cholera vaccine
antibiotics reduce the efficacy of the cholera vaccine
antibiotics reduce the effect of the cholera vaccine
rifaximin shows pharmacodynamic antagonism with the cholera vaccine
antibiotics reduce the effect of the cholera vaccine
lansoprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin
when amoxicillin combines with cholera vaccine it decreases the effects of action of vaccine by antagonism effect
amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium
when amoxicillin combines with cholera vaccine it decreases the effects of action of vaccine by antagonism effect
omeprazole amoxicillin and clarithromycin
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action on the vaccine by antagonism effect
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of the drug's action on the vaccine by antagonism effect
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
may decrease the therapeutic effect of antibiotics
neomycin/polymyxin B/gramicidin ophthalmicÂ
may decrease the therapeutic effect of Antibiotics
By immunosuppressive effects, the effect of vaccine activity decreases and results in risk of infection.
when both the drugs combine the effect of vaccine decreases by immunosuppressive effects and increase the risk of infection.
when thiotepa and cholera vaccine combines, thiotepa decreases the effects of the vaccine by antagonism     
when both the drugs are combined, the therapeutic efficacy of the cholera vaccine decreases    
live vaccines are not recommended, oncological agents may diminish the therapeutic effects of live vaccines
brentuximab vedotin has reduced impact on the efficacy of cholera vaccine, caused due to immunosuppression. Risk of infection persists.
may diminish therapeutic effects of the vaccine
may diminish immune response to cholera vaccine
when both drugs are combined, vorinostat reduces the effects of the cholera vaccine by immunosuppressive effects   
when used in combination, both the drugs increase immunosuppression/risk of infection
may diminish immune response to cholera vaccine c
may diminish immune response to cholera vaccine
the effect of the cholera vaccine is decreased by fluorouracil through immunosuppression/risk of infection
may reduce therapeutic effects of the vaccine
may diminish the therapeutic effects of the cholera vaccine
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
When both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic effect of the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection  
dibekacin may reduce the therapeutic effects of cholera vaccine
kanamycin may reduce the therapeutic effects of the cholera vaccine
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk of infection 
antibiotics may reduce the therapeutic efficacy of the cholera vaccine
may diminish therapeutic effects of the vaccine
capreomycin may reduce the therapeutic effects of the cholera vaccine
Actions and Spectrum:Â
cholera vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent cholera, a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. There are two types of cholera vaccines available: the oral cholera vaccine and the injectable cholera vaccine.Â
The oral cholera vaccine contains live attenuated strains of Vibrio cholerae that have been weakened so that they can no longer cause disease. The vaccine is taken orally in two doses, given at least two weeks apart. The vaccine works by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against the bacterium, which can help protect against infection.Â
The injectable cholera vaccine contains killed whole bacteria of Vibrio cholerae. The vaccine is given as a single injection in the arm, at least one week before potential exposure to cholera. The vaccine works by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against the bacterium, which can help protect against infection.Â
Both types of cholera vaccines are effective in preventing cholera, although the oral vaccine has been shown to provide longer-lasting protection. The vaccines can reduce the risk of contracting cholera by up to 90%, but they do not provide complete protection. It is key to practice good hygiene and sanitation measures to prevent the spread of cholera.Â
Frequency definedÂ
>10%Â
Children of Age 2-6 yearsÂ
Mild abdominal pain (14.4%)Â
Decreased appetite, mild (12.3%)Â
Moderate tiredness (11.6%)Â
Mild tiredness (19.2%)Â
Children of Age 6-12 yearsÂ
Mild tiredness (22.3%)Â
Mild abdominal pain (23.6%)Â
Mild headache (19.1%)Â
Mild nausea (12.1%)Â
Moderate tiredness (12.1%)Â
Decreased appetite, mild (12.7%)Â
Children of Age 12-18 yearsÂ
Mild nausea (17%)Â
Loose stools (11.5%)Â
Decreased appetite, mild (23.6%)Â
Mild tiredness (31.5%)Â
Mild abdominal pain (28.5%)Â
Mild headache (34.5%)Â
Adults of age 18-45 yearsÂ
Mild abdominal pain (12.1%)Â
Mild tiredness (18.7%)Â
Mild headache (18.9%)Â
Moderate tiredness (12%)Â
Mild nausea/vomiting (13.3%)Â
Decreased appetite, mild (11.7%)Â
Loose stools (13.9%)Â
1-10%Â
Children of Age 2-6 yearsÂ
Moderate abdominal pain (2.7%)Â
Mild nausea (6.2%)Â
Mild vomiting (1.4%)Â
Mild headache (6.8%)Â
Moderate headache (2.1%)Â
Decreased appetite, moderate (6.8%)Â
Children of Age 6-12 yearsÂ
Moderate abdominal pain (3.8%)Â
Mild vomiting (2.5%)Â
Moderate headache (5.7%)Â
Mild nausea (1.9%)Â
Mild decreased appetite (1.9%)Â
Moderate vomiting (1.9%)Â
Loose stools (5.5%)Â
Severe fever (2.5%)Â
Children of Age 12-18 yearsÂ
Moderate tiredness (8.5%)Â
Moderate vomiting (1.2%)Â
Moderate abdominal pain (8.5%)Â
Moderate headache (9.7%)Â
Decreased appetite, moderate (5.5%)Â
Moderate nausea (4.8%)Â
Mild vomiting (3.6%)Â
Adults of age 18-45 yearsÂ
Moderate abdominal pain (6.2%)Â
Moderate nausea/vomiting (4.7%)Â
Decreased appetite, moderate (4.4%)Â
Moderate headache (9.6%)Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
ContraindicationÂ
CautionÂ
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
US FDA pregnancy category: Not assignedÂ
Lactation:  Â
Excreted into human milk is known. Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
The cholera vaccine works by inducing an immune response in the body against the bacteria that causes cholera, called Vibrio cholerae. The vaccine contains inactivated or attenuated (weakened) strains of the bacteria, or parts of the bacteria, which stimulate the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against Vibrio cholerae.Â
The antibodies produced against to the response for vaccine can then recognize and destroy the bacteria if the individual is exposed to cholera. This helps to prevent or reduce the severity of cholera infection and its associated symptoms, such as severe diarrhea and dehydration.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Mechanism of action: The cholera vaccine consists of live attenuated bacteria that replicate in the recipient’s gastrointestinal tract, triggering an immune response that leads to immunity against the disease.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
The pharmacokinetics of the oral cholera vaccine, which is a live attenuated vaccine, involve the interaction between the vaccine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the gastrointestinal tract.Â
After ingestion, the live attenuated bacteria in the vaccine replicate in the small intestine, stimulating an immune response in the GALT. The vaccine induces both local and systemic immunity, with the majority of the immune response occurring in the GALT.Â
The vaccine virus is not absorbed into the bloodstream and does not circulate throughout the body. Instead, the vaccine stimulates a localized immune response in the GALT, which is responsible for producing mucosal antibodies that can recognize and neutralize Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera.Â
The peak immune response occurs approximately 7 to 14 days after second dose of the vaccine. The duration of immunity after vaccination varies but is generally believed to be at least two years.Â
In terms of metabolism and excretion, since the oral cholera vaccine is not absorbed into the bloodstream, it is not metabolized or excreted by the liver or kidneys. Any unused vaccine is excreted in the feces.Â
Pharmacology:Â
The cholera vaccine works by inducing an immune response in the body against the bacteria that causes cholera, called Vibrio cholerae. The vaccine contains inactivated or attenuated (weakened) strains of the bacteria, or parts of the bacteria, which stimulate the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against Vibrio cholerae.Â
The antibodies produced against to the response for vaccine can then recognize and destroy the bacteria if the individual is exposed to cholera. This helps to prevent or reduce the severity of cholera infection and its associated symptoms, such as severe diarrhea and dehydration.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Mechanism of action: The cholera vaccine consists of live attenuated bacteria that replicate in the recipient’s gastrointestinal tract, triggering an immune response that leads to immunity against the disease.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
The pharmacokinetics of the oral cholera vaccine, which is a live attenuated vaccine, involve the interaction between the vaccine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the gastrointestinal tract.Â
After ingestion, the live attenuated bacteria in the vaccine replicate in the small intestine, stimulating an immune response in the GALT. The vaccine induces both local and systemic immunity, with the majority of the immune response occurring in the GALT.Â
The vaccine virus is not absorbed into the bloodstream and does not circulate throughout the body. Instead, the vaccine stimulates a localized immune response in the GALT, which is responsible for producing mucosal antibodies that can recognize and neutralize Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera.Â
The peak immune response occurs approximately 7 to 14 days after second dose of the vaccine. The duration of immunity after vaccination varies but is generally believed to be at least two years.Â
In terms of metabolism and excretion, since the oral cholera vaccine is not absorbed into the bloodstream, it is not metabolized or excreted by the liver or kidneys. Any unused vaccine is excreted in the feces.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name: cholera vaccineÂ
Pronounced: [ KOL-er-a-vak-SEEN ]Â
Why do we use cholera vaccine?Â
The cholera vaccine is used to protect individuals against cholera, which is a potentially life-threatening bacterial infection that can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration. The vaccine is generally recommended for individuals who are traveling to areas with a high risk of cholera, such as parts of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, as well as for individuals who are involved in relief or humanitarian efforts in areas affected by cholera outbreaks.Â
In addition to protecting individuals against cholera, the cholera vaccine can also help to prevent the spread of cholera outbreaks by reducing the number of carriers who can spread the disease. The vaccine can be especially crucial in circumstances where clean water and sanitation facilities are not readily available, underscoring its importance in such contexts.Â
It is key to note that the cholera vaccine is not 100% effective and should be used in conjunction with other preventive measures, such as practicing good hygiene and avoiding contaminated food and water. The vaccine is also not recommended for certain individuals, such as children under the age of 2 years, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and individuals who are immunocompromised. It is important to discuss any questions or concerns about the use of the cholera vaccine with a healthcare provider.Â
Both our subscription plans include Free CME/CPD AMA PRA Category 1 credits.
On course completion, you will receive a full-sized presentation quality digital certificate.
A dynamic medical simulation platform designed to train healthcare professionals and students to effectively run code situations through an immersive hands-on experience in a live, interactive 3D environment.
When you have your licenses, certificates and CMEs in one place, it's easier to track your career growth. You can easily share these with hospitals as well, using your medtigo app.
