Microplastics and Misinformation: What Science Really Says
November 12, 2025
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Brand Name :
Trazodone D, Oleptro, Desyrel Dividose, Desyrel
Synonyms :
Trazodonum, Trazodona
Class :
Antidepressants and antianxiety drugs; Atypical antidepressants
Brand Name :
Trazodone D, Oleptro, Desyrel Dividose, Desyrel
Synonyms :
Trazodonum, Trazodona
Class :
Antidepressants and antianxiety drugs; Atypical antidepressants
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
50mgÂ
100mgÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
Extended-release tabletÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
50mgÂ
100mgÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
Extended-release tabletÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
Dosage Forms & StrengthsÂ
TabletÂ
50mgÂ
100mgÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
Extended-release tabletÂ
150mgÂ
300mgÂ
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with NSAIDs
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with NSAIDs
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with NSAIDs
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with NSAIDs
may have an increased antiplatelet effect when combined with NSAIDs
gilteritinib may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Agents
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect
may increase the QTc prolonging effect
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with amisulpride (oral)
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QT-prolonging agents
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with amiodarone
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with delamanid
acetaminophen/doxylamine/dextromethorphanÂ
may increase the serotonergic effect when combined
dasatinib: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
encorafenib: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging agents
etelcalcetide: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging agents
flecainide: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
fluconazole: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging agents
methadone: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc -prolonging agents
sunitinib: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of each other when combined
dapagliflozin: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation
It may enhance the QTc interval when combined with efavirenz
CYP3A strong enhancers of the small intestine may reduce the bioavailability of trazodone 
when used together, entrectinib and trazodone both increase the QTc interval
when used together, encorafenib and trazodone both increase the QTc interval
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of terfenadine
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging agents
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging agents
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with pazopanib
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging agents
clarithromycin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
levoketoconazole: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
probucol: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
sparfloxacin: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QTc-prolonging Agents
the QTc-prolonging effect of citalopram can be increased with QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Miscellaneous Agents
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Agents with Blood Glucose Lowering Effects
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Agents with Blood Glucose Lowering Effects
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Agents with Blood Glucose Lowering Effects
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Agents with Blood Glucose Lowering Effects
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of Agents with Blood Glucose Lowering Effects
may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K antagonists
may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K antagonists
may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K antagonists
may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K antagonists
may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K antagonists
may enhance the antiplatelet effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the antiplatelet effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the antiplatelet effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the antiplatelet effect of NSAIDs
may enhance the antiplatelet effect of NSAIDs
may increase the hypoglycemic effect
may increase the hypoglycemic effect
may increase the hypoglycemic effect
may increase the hypoglycemic effect
may increase the hypoglycemic effect
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of amphetamines
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of amphetamines
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of amphetamines
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of amphetamines
may enhance the risk of adverse effect of amphetamines
may increase the vasopressor effect
may enhance the tachycardic effect
may enhance the tachycardic effect
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
trazodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
trazodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
trazodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
trazodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
trazodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: they may increase the hypoglycemic effect of blood viscosity reducing agents
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: they may increase the hypoglycemic effect of blood viscosity reducing agents
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Atypical Antidepressants
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Atypical Antidepressants
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Atypical Antidepressants
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Atypical Antidepressants
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Atypical Antidepressants
combining butobarbital and trazodone can raise the likelihood or intensity of side effects
may have an increased QTc-prolonged effect when combined with chloroquine
may have an increased QTc-prolonged effect when combined with chloroquine
increase the therapeutic effect of daunorubicin by P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
the effect of trazodone is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
decrease level of docetaxel
it increases the effect or level of ruxolitinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
increase the therapeutic effect of idarubicin by P-glycoprotein efflux transporter
may enhance the Qtc prolonging effect
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
they increase the QTc prolongation effect of other QT-prolonging agents
may increase the QTc prolonging effect of QTc prolonging agents
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with haloperidol
may increase the antiplatelet effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
may increase the serotonergic effect of Serotonin 5-HT1D Receptor Agonists
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the serotonergic effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may increase the risk of adverse effects
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with chloroquine
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with gadobenate dimeglumine
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
may have an increased QTc-prolonging effect when combined with QT-prolonging antipsychotics
fingolimod: they may increase the QTc-prolonging effect of QT-prolonging Agents
dexchlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and phenylephrine
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Antihistamines
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Antihistamines
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Antihistamines
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Antihistamines
It may enhance the risk of adverse effects when combined with Antihistamines
the : QTc-prolonging effect of hydroxyzine can be increased with QT-prolonging agents
the risk of adverse effects may be increased
cetirizine: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation
atropine: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation
the rate of metabolism may be altered
benorilate: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation agents
cabergoline: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation agents
canagliflozin: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation agents
candesartan cilexetil: it may increase the risk or severity of QTc prolongation agents
trazodone and dicyclomine decrease the cholinergic transmission
may increase the level of each other by unknown mechanism
QT-prolonging Agents (Moderate Risk) may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of domperidone
Actions and Spectrum:Â
trazodone is an antidepressant medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs). It is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). Still, it is also used off-label to treat other conditions, such as anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and insomnia.Â
trazodone acts as a serotonin receptor antagonist and reuptake inhibitor, which means that it enhances the effects of serotonin in the brain by blocking its reuptake and increasing its release. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, anxiety, and sleep, and enhancing its effects is believed to be the mechanism by which trazodone produces its therapeutic effects.Â
In addition to its effects on serotonin, trazodone has sedative and hypnotic effects due to its antagonism of histamine H1 receptors, contributing to its use in treating insomnia.Â
Trazodone also acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT2A receptor and a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor, which may contribute to its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects.Â
Frequency DefinedÂ
>10%Â
Blurred vision Â
Dizziness Â
Fatigue Â
Headache Â
Drowsiness Â
Dry mouth Â
Nausea/vomitingÂ
1-10%Â
Constipation Â
Edema Â
Incoordination Â
Nasal congestion Â
Confusion Â
Disorientation Â
Orthostatic hypotension Â
Syncope Â
Ejaculation disorder Â
Tremor Â
Weight change Â
Decreased libidoÂ
<1%Â
PriapismÂ
SedationÂ
AcneÂ
AnemiaÂ
AlopeciaÂ
AnxietyÂ
Increased appetiteÂ
DiplopiaÂ
VertigoÂ
InsomniaÂ
Urinary retentionÂ
Black Box Warning:Â
trazodone increases the risk of suicidal thoughts and alters behavior in young adults. The drug is not meant for pediatrics.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
Contraindications:Â
Cautions:Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
trazodone should be used during pregnancy only when very much required.Â
Breastfeeding warnings:Â Â
Use the drug cautiously during lactation.Â
Pregnancy category:Â
Pharmacology:Â
trazodone is an antidepressant medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs). It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, anxiety, and sleep.Â
The primary mechanism of action of trazodone is the inhibition of serotonin reuptake. This increases the concentration of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, which enhances the transmission of serotonin-mediated signals. Additionally, trazodone acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT2A receptor and a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor. These actions contribute to the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of trazodone.Â
trazodone also has sedative and hypnotic effects due to its antagonism of histamine H1 receptors, which is responsible for its use in the treatment of insomnia.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
The pharmacodynamics of trazodone refers to how the drug interacts with the body and produces its therapeutic effects. trazodone is primarily used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.Â
trazodone acts as a serotonin receptor antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI), which means that it enhances the effects of serotonin in the brain by blocking its reuptake and increasing its release. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, anxiety, and sleep, and enhancing its effects is believed to be the mechanism by which trazodone produces its therapeutic effects.Â
In addition to its effects on serotonin, trazodone has sedative and hypnotic effects due to its antagonism of histamine H1 receptors, contributing to its use in treating insomnia.Â
trazodone also acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT2A receptor and a partial agonist at the 5-HT1A receptor, which may contribute to its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects.Â
The therapeutic effects of trazodone are believed to result from a combination of these mechanisms of action. By enhancing the effects of serotonin and modulating its effects on various receptor subtypes, trazodone helps to regulate mood, reduce anxiety, and improve sleep quality.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
The drug is completely absorbed (absorption increases by food)Â
The onset of the action takes in 6 weeks (antidepressant); 1-3 hours help in sleep Â
A peak serum concentration is achieved in 30-100 min (up to 2.5 hours with food); and 9 hours (for extended-release)Â
480-1620 ng/mL of concentration is dose-dependentÂ
DistributionÂ
Protein-bound is 85-95%Â
MetabolismÂ
Metabolism occurs via hepatic P450 enzyme and CYP3A4 (major) and CYP2D6 (minor)Â
Metabolites formed are l-m-chlorophenyl piperazineÂ
Elimination and ExcretionÂ
The half-life is achieved in 7-10 hoursÂ
75% is excreted in urine, and 25% is excreted in feces Â
The drug is not dialyzableÂ
Administration:Â
trazodone is typically administered orally in tablet form. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water and may be taken with or without food.Â
The recommended starting dose of trazodone for depression is usually 150 mg daily, divided into two or three doses. Dose may gradually increase to a maximum daily dose of 400 mg over time. For the treatment of insomnia, lower doses of trazodone, typically 25-50 mg, may be used at bedtime.Â
trazodone should be taken at the same time(s) each day to maintain a steady level in the body. It is essential to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider and stay within the recommended dose.Â
trazodone may take several weeks to reach its full therapeutic effect, and it is essential to continue taking the medication as directed even if you feel better.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name:Â trazodoneÂ
Pronounced: tra-zo-doneÂ
Why do we use trazodone?Â
trazodone is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). Still, it is also used off-label to treat other conditions, such as anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and insomnia.Â
trazodone is an antidepressant medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs). It increases serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, anxiety, and sleep. By enhancing serotonin’s effects, trazodone helps regulate mood, reduce anxiety, and improve sleep quality.Â
In addition to its effects on serotonin, trazodone has sedative and hypnotic effects due to its antagonism of histamine H1 receptors, contributing to its use in treating insomnia.Â
trazodone is generally well-tolerated, and it may be a good choice for patients who do not respond to other antidepressant medications or who experience intolerable side effects from other medications. It is also sometimes used with other medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), to augment their effects.Â
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