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Brand Name :
Taxol
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Paclitaxel
Class :
Taxanes
Brand Name :
Taxol
(United States) [Available]Synonyms :
Paclitaxel
Class :
Taxanes
Dosage Forms & Strengths:Â
Injectable solution:Â
6mg per ml Â
untreated patients:
175
mg/m^2
Intravenous (IV)
Over 3 hr
given over 3hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV for every three weeks or else 135 mg per m2 IV given 24hrs followed by cisplatin 75 mg per m2 IV every three weeks.
patients previously treated: 135 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks or else 175 mg per m2 IV over 3hrs for every three weeks
adjuvant treatment: 175 mg/m2 IV over 3hrs 3 weeks for four courses administered sequentially to doxorubicin containing chemotherapy :
175
mg
Intravenous (IV)
over 3 hr
3
weeks
135
mg/m^2
iv
over 24hrs followed by cisplatin IV for every three weeks
135
mg/m^2
iv
over 3 hr
3
weeks
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of baricitinib increases   
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with boceprevir  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases when compared with certolizumab pegol  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects   
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of neutropenia   
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with delavirdine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases when compared with etanercept  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased immunosuppressive effect of fingolimod by paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with fosamprenavir  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases when compared with golimumab  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with indinavir  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel increases when compared with infliximab  
influenza virus vaccine h n live
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
influenza virus vaccine live trivalent
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of disease from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects   
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic efficacy of the measles virus vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic efficacy of the mumps virus vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with nelfinavir  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with ozanimod  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with ponesimod  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased level of serum concentration of paclitaxel   
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic efficacy of the rotavirus vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of paclitaxel decreases when compared with saquinavir  
when both drugs are combined, the metabolism of siponimod increases  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased therapeutic efficacy of the smallpox vaccine 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of peripheral neuropathy  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased immunosuppressive activity of tofacitinib  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of disease from the vaccine  
may increase serum concentrations of doxorubicin
sorafenib increases the toxic/adverse effects of paclitaxel
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased the serum concentration of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of infection from the vaccine  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of ado-trastuzumab emtansine 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased the serum concentration of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased the serum concentration of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased the serum concentration of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased the serum concentration of bexarotene 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of bicalutamide 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of bortezomib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of brentuximab  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of brigatinib  
butabarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of cabazitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased level of serum concentration of capmatinib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased level of serum concentration of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of ceritinib  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of dabrafenib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of erdafitinib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of etoposide  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased rate of excretion of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of hypotension and orthostatic hypotension  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of neratinib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced level of serum concentration of nitrofurantoin by a decreased rate of excretion 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased immunosuppressive activity of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased immunosuppressive activity of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced level of serum concentration of tinidazole by a reduced rate of excretion 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of tolvaptan 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of trabectedin 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased level of serum concentration of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of ulipristal 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of vemurafenib 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a high metabolism of vincristine 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased neurotoxic activity of vinorelbine 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be a reduced metabolism of paclitaxel 
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
it may increase the levels of serum concentration of OATP1B1/1B3 (SLCO1B1/1B3) Substrates
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of paclitaxel by p-glycoprotein (mdr1) efflux transporter  
the effect of paclitaxel is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
fedratinib increases the effect of paclitaxel by altering the intestinal/ hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
may decrease the level of each other
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
may increase the levels of serum concentration
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased metabolism of paclitaxel 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased level of serum of moxifloxacin 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria 
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased level of serum of ofloxacin 
Actions and spectrum:Â
The regular process of microtubule growth is disrupted by paclitaxel. Paclitaxel specifically binds to tubulin’s β subunit. The “building block” of microtubules is tubulin, which is locked in place by paclitaxel binding. The resulting microtubule-paclitaxel complex cannot disassemble. As a result, there is a negative impact on cell function because microtubules’ role as the cell’s transportation network—which is dependent on their dynamic instability—is negatively impacted. During mitosis, for instance, chromosomes depend on this characteristic of microtubules. According to additional research, paclitaxel causes cancer cells to go through processes like apoptosis or programmed cell death by inhibiting the activity of the      apoptosis-inducing protein Bcl-2 (B-cell leukemia 2).Â
Adverse drug reactions:  Â
Frequency definedÂ
>10%  Â
Alopecia   Â
Anemia  Â
Arthralgia  Â
Diarrhea   Â
Hypersensitivity  Â
Hypotension  Â
Leukopenia   Â
Mucositis  Â
Nausea  Â
Neutropenia  Â
Opportunistic infections   Â
Peripheral neuropathy  Â
Renal impairment  Â
Thrombocytopenia   Â
vomiting  Â
1-10%  Â
Bradycardia  Â
<1%  Â
Cardiac conduction abnormalities  Â
Grand mal seizures  Â
Frequency Not Defined  Â
Congestive heart failure  Â
Dehydration  Â
Extravasation  Â
Left ventricular dysfunction  Â
Pancytopenia  Â
Pyrexia  Â
Stevens Johnson Syndrome  Â
toxic epidermal necrolysis 
Black Box WarningÂ
A very important caution comeÂs with paclitaxel, a medication that must neveÂr be used during pregnancy.Â
Contraindication/Caution:Â
Contraindication:Â
Liver diseaseÂ
PregnancyÂ
LactationÂ
Pregnancy warnings:  Â
Breastfeeding warnings:  Â
Pregnancy Categories:     Â
Pharmacology:Â
Paclitaxel is a meÂdicine that stops cancer cells from dividing. It treÂats breast, lung, ovarian, and other cancers. PaclitaxeÂl disrupts the normal division of cells, preveÂnting cancer growth and spread. Cancer ceÂlls divide rapidly, so this medicine targeÂts them. Doctors use paclitaxel in  cheÂmo regimens for these cancer types.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Paclitaxel treÂats several kinds of cancer. It’s a drug useÂd for therapy. This chemical interfeÂres with microtubules. It stabilizes theÂse structures inside ceÂlls. That disrupts normal function and cell division. Paclitaxel preveÂnts microtubules from breaking down. It also makes eÂxtra microtubules form incorrectly. The reÂsulting abnormal microtubule arrays stop cells working normally. This happens during inteÂrphase and mitosis. The cycles ceÂlls go through to grow and divide. Other malignancies use paclitaxel as a treatment too. TheÂse include advanced ovarian and breÂast cancers specifically.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
DistributionÂ
A lot of paclitaxel, around 89-98%, binds to proteÂins in the body. Its volume spans 227 to 688 L/sq.mt.Â
MetabolismÂ
The liveÂr enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 break it down. The main byproduct is 6-alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel.Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
As for getting rid of it, around 20% leaveÂs through feces. Roughly 4% exits via urine. Its         half-life is about 27 hours. This drug takes a while to fully clear from the system.Â
Administration:Â
People receive paclitaxeÂl through an IV. Doctors decide the dosage based on the patient’s heÂalth, treatment results, and body sizeÂ.Â
Patient Information Leaflet:Â
Paclitaxel is a meÂdicine used to treat canceÂr. Doctors give it through injections. While heÂlpful for various cancers, it may cause shortness of breÂath or dizziness and muscle aches. BeÂfore starting treatment, leÂt your doctor know if you have any allergies. MeÂn shouldn’t father children while taking this drug. PreÂgnant women must inform their doctors. Don’t breastfeÂed during treatment. An oveÂrdose is dangerous – call poison control right away. If you miss a dose, reÂschedule with your doctor immediateÂly. Keep this medicine away from kids and pets, stored safely.Â
Pronunciation: PAK-li-TAK-selÂ
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