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Brand Name :
Oxaydo, Oxyneo
Synonyms :
Dihydrohydroxycodeinone, Dihydroxycodeinone, Oxicodona, Oxycodone, Oxycodonum
Class :
Neuropsychiatric agent, Opiod receptor agonist, Analgesic (narcotic)
Brand Name :
Oxaydo, Oxyneo
Synonyms :
Dihydrohydroxycodeinone, Dihydroxycodeinone, Oxicodona, Oxycodone, Oxycodonum
Class :
Neuropsychiatric agent, Opiod receptor agonist, Analgesic (narcotic)
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Tablet (Immediate-release)
5 mg
15 mg
20 mg
30 mg
Tablet (Extended-release)
10 mg
15 mg
20 mg
30 mg
40 mg
60 mg
80 mg
Tablet (Abuse-Deterrent)
9 mg
13.5 mg
18 mg
27 mg
36 mg
Solution (oral)
100 mg/5 mL
This is indicated for the treatment of pain (moderate to severe)
Acute pain: For sufficient analgesia of acute pain, starting dosages are advised to be in the range between 5–15 mg, 4 or 6 times per day
In order to reduce pain, additional dosage should be titrated upward while keeping an eye out for any possible negative effects
Chronic pain: For patients with chronic pain, it is advised to titrate the dosage gradually upward, beginning at the lowest analgesic dose (2.5 to 10 mg every between four and six hours)
Instead of treating pain after it has begun, the medicine for chronic pain management should be administered at regularly scheduled intervals to prevent pain from returning
Dose Adjustments
Renal dose adjustment
There is no need to change the dosage if CrCl is greater than 60 ml/minute
75% to 50% of the regular dose is advised if CrCl is less than 30 mL/minute
Safety and efficacy is not observed in children below 12
This is indicated for the treatment of pain (moderate to severe)
Acute pain: For sufficient analgesia of acute pain, dosages of 0.05 to 0.15 mg per kg should be administered 4 or 6 times per day with equal intervals of six or four hours
In order to reduce pain, additional dosage should be titrated upward while keeping an eye out for any possible negative effects
Chronic pain: Patients with chronic pain should start at the lowest dose of analgesic medication and titrate it gently upwards
Instead of treating pain after it has begun, the medicine for chronic pain management should be administered at regularly scheduled intervals to prevent pain from returning
Dosage Forms & Strengths
Tablet (Immediate-release)
5 mg
15 mg
20 mg
30 mg
Tablet (Extended-release)
10 mg
15 mg
20 mg
30 mg
40 mg
60 mg
80 mg
Tablet (Abuse-Deterrent)
9 mg
13.5 mg
18 mg
27 mg
36 mg
Solution (oral)
100 mg/5 mL
Refer to the adult dosing
may have an increased CNS depressive effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressive effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressive effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressive effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressive effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressant effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressant effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased CNS depressant effect when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased Effect of a CNS depressant when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased Effect of a CNS depressant when combined with oxycodone
may have an increased Effect of a CNS depressant when combined with oxycodone
oxycodone: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
oxycodone: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
oxycodone: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
oxycodone: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
oxycodone: they may enhance the serum concentration of CYP2D6 Inhibitors
may increase the CNS depressant effect
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressants effects of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS depressants
may increase the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance the sedation when combined with tasimelteon
CYP3A strong enhancers of the small intestine may reduce the bioavailability of oxycodone
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
CNS depressants increase the CNS depressing effect of paraldehyde
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance when combined with oxycodone by affecting CYP3A4 metabolism
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with a shepherd's purse
oxycodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
oxycodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
oxycodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
oxycodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
oxycodone: they may diminish the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Inducers
When encainide is used together with oxycodone, this leads to a reduction in the encainide’s metabolism
the metabolism of oxycodone can be decreased when combined with adagrasib
the risk or extent of adverse effects can be increased when amantadine is combined with oxycodone
the metabolism of ambrisentan can be decreased when combined with oxycodone
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect
it may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
it may increase the levels of serum concentration
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased effect of oxycodone by affecting hepatic enzyme cyp2d6 metabolism
the effect of oxycodone is decreased by lorlatinib, by altering intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
when used with dronabinol increases the CNS suppression
CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of thalidomide
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
it increases the effect of CNS depressants
may increase the toxic effects
may enhance the serum concentration of CYP3A4 inhibitors
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
It may enhance sedation when combined with oxycodone
the metabolism of oxycodone can be decreased when combined with acebutolol
the risk or extent of CNS depression can be raised when oxycodone is combined with acetazolamide
the risk or extent of hypotension and CNS depression can be raised when acetophenazine is combined with oxycodone
the risk or extent of adverse effects can be increased when aclidinium is combined with oxycodone
the risk or extent of adverse effects can be raised when oxycodone is combined with alvimopan
the therapeutic efficacy of amiloride can be decreased when used in combination with oxycodone
the metabolism of aminophenazone can be decreased when combined with oxycodone
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
may enhance the CNS depressant effect
may enhance the CNS depressant effect
may enhance the CNS depressant effect
may enhance the CNS depressant effect
it may decrease the levels of serum concentration
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
CNS depressants increase the effect of oxycodone
Actions and Spectrum:
Actions:
A depressant of the central nervous system is oxycodone. The mechanism of action of oxycodone seems to be based on activating the central nervous system’s opioid receptors, which trigger a variety of reactions, including analgesia, respiratory depression, and euphoria.
Spectrum:
Strong opioid agonist oxycodone, also known as 14-hydroxy-7,8-dihydrocodeinone, can be purchased either by itself or in combination with other moderate analgesics. Because of its high bioavailability, it can be administered orally; moreover, it can be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, and rectally.
Nonetheless, administering oxycodone via the spine is not advised. Oxycodone is about the same as morphine in terms of analgesic potency. Regretfully, oxycodone has the same potential for abuse as morphine. The same safety measures as with morphine or other agonist opioids should be followed while administering oxycodone.
Frequency defined
>5%
Dry mouth
Asthenia
Vomiting
Nausea
Dizziness
Sweating
Somnolence
Headache
Pruritis
Frequency Undefined
Hypotension
Rash
Bradycardia
Respiratory depression
Diaphoresis
Photosensivity
Anorexia
Seizures
Cough
Confusion
Diarrhea
Hallucinations
Drowsiness
Abdominal Pain
Irritability
Sedation
Raised CSF
Glossitis
Black Box Warning:
Opioid analgesic risk assessment and strategy for mitigation.
Misuse, abuse, and addiction.
Consecutive use of benzodiazepines, other CNS depressants, and inducers/inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 may pose risks. Keep an eye on patients taking any of these groups of medications along with oxycodone.
Unintentional consumption.
Respiratory depression that is potentially fatal.
While there is no absolute rule against using oxycodone medication during pregnancy, the FDA has issued a US Boxed Warning about the withdrawal of newborn opioids.
Contraindication/Caution:
Contraindications
Cautions
Pregnancy consideration:
No data is available regarding the administration of the drug during pregnancy.
Breastfeeding warnings:
No data is available regarding the excretion of drug in breast milk.
Pregnancy category:
Category A: well-controlled and satisfactory studies show no risk to the fetus in the first or later trimester.
Category B: there was no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal studies, and there were not enough studies on pregnant women.
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.
Category N: No data is available for the drug under this category.
Pharmacology:
Oxycodone’s primary therapeutic effect is analgesia; it is a complete opioid agonist without any antagonistic characteristics.
Pharmacodynamics:
Oxycodone’s pharmacodynamics involve complex interactions with the body’s biological systems to elicit therapeutic effects. As a semi-synthetic opioid, oxycodone predominantly exerts its pharmacodynamic actions by binding to specific receptors located in various regions, including the central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal tract, and other tissues.
Crucial elements of oxycodone’s pharmacodynamics include its function as an agonist, binding to mu-opioid receptors, kappa-opioid receptors, and delta-opioid receptors in the CNS, exhibiting a distinct preference for mu-opioid receptors. This binding initiates a G-protein coupled receptor activation process, leading to the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) on the G-alpha subunit of G-proteins.
Moreover, oxycodone’s pharmacodynamic effects involve the inhibition of adenylate cyclase, resulting in a reduction of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. This intricate signaling cascade extends to the inhibition of nociceptive neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, and substance P. Oxycodone’s impact also extends to hormonal regulation, inhibiting hormones such as glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and vasopressin.
In the context of the central nervous system (CNS), oxycodone, similar to other opioids, induces hyperpolarization and reduces the excitability of neurons. This overall CNS depression is attributed to the agonistic effect on kappa-opioid receptors, resulting in the closure of N-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Conversely, stimulation of mu-opioid receptors opens calcium-dependent inward-rectifying potassium channels. These diverse pharmacodynamic actions collectively contribute to the analgesic, sedative, and other therapeutic effects associated with oxycodone use.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption
The bioavailability is 87%
Time to reah peak plasma concentrations: 3 hours
Distribution
Protein binding: 45%
The volume of distribution: 2.6 L/kg
Metabolism
The hepatic enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 break down oxycodone to produce oxymorphone and noroxycodone, respectively. The kidneys are the organs that remove these compounds from the body.
Elimination and Excretion
The half-life is 3-5 hours
Unbound noroxycodone 23% in urine and <1% oxymorphone in urine
Administration:
Oxycodone is generally administered orally, with the medication taken in the form of tablets or capsules. The degree of pain, the patient’s response to the drug, and the advice of medical professionals all influence the suggested dosage and frequency of administration. Typically employed as needed for pain relief, oxycodone usage is directed by specific instructions given by healthcare professionals.
Patient information leaflet
Generic Name: oxycodone
Pronounced: ok-si-KOH-dohn
Why do we use oxycodone?
Oxycodone serves as a potent pain-relieving medication within the class of drugs known as opioid analgesics. The primary utilization of oxycodone is centered around various aspects of pain management. This includes its prescription to alleviate moderate to severe pain, particularly in situations where other less potent pain medications have proven inadequate. Additionally, oxycodone finds common use in post-surgical scenarios, where it effectively controls pain for patients in the process of recovering from different types of surgical procedures.
Moreover, oxycodone may be prescribed for the management of chronic pain conditions, offering relief for individuals dealing with persistent pain associated with ailments like cancer or certain chronic illnesses. In cases of injury-related pain resulting from accidents, injuries, or trauma, oxycodone may be recommended for its efficacy in providing acute pain relief.
Furthermore, for individuals facing terminal illness, where effective pain management is paramount for enhancing the quality of life, oxycodone may be employed to deliver potent analgesia. It is crucial for individuals using oxycodone to do so under the guidance and prescription of qualified healthcare professionals, given its potency and the potential for associated risks.
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