Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Low Birth Weight Among Tanzanian Neonates: A Hospital-Based Study
November 7, 2025
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Brand Name :
Tums Extra, Tums Regular, Tums Ultra, Oysco 500
Synonyms :
Class :
Antacids, Calcium salts
Brand Name :
Tums Extra, Tums Regular, Tums Ultra, Oysco 500
Synonyms :
Class :
Antacids, Calcium salts
Dosage forms & Strengths:Â
Tablet:Â
1250 mgÂ
1500 mgÂ
Chewable tablet:Â
400 mgÂ
500 mgÂ
750 mgÂ
1000 mgÂ
1177 mgÂ
Oral suspension:Â
1250 mgÂ
2 - 3
units
Tablets
Orally 
as needed
500 - 1500
mg
Tablet
Orally 
twice a day
Dosage forms & Strengths:Â
750 mg orally thrice dailyÂ
750
mg
ta
Orally 
3 times a day
antacids May decrease the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids May decrease the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids May decrease the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids May decrease the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids May decrease the bioavailability of corticosteroids
bismuth subcitrate, metronidazole and tetracycline
antacids may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines
antacids may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines
antacids may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines
antacids may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines
antacids may decrease the absorption of tetracyclines
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
calcium salts: they may diminish the absorption of quinolones
calcium salts: they may diminish the absorption of quinolones
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with quinolones
may diminish the absorption when combined with quinolones
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with vitamin D analogs
may diminish the effect of each other when combined
may diminish the effect of each other when combined
may diminish the effect of each other when combined
may diminish the effect of each other when combined
may diminish the effect of each other when combined
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk or severity of adverse effects  
it may reduce the therapeutic effect of bisacodyl
may reduce the level of serum concentration of acalabrutinib
may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may diminish the serum concentration
may diminish the quinolones absorption
may diminish the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may diminish the absorption of quinolones
may diminish the absorption of quinolones
may diminish the therapeutic effect when combined with lanthanum
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the rate of bioavailability of corticosteroids
may diminish the serum concentration when combined with fosinopril
may diminish the serum concentration when combined
may diminish the absorption when combined with quinolones
may diminish the absorption when combined with quinolones
atazanavir: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
belumosudil: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
bisacodyl: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
bismuth subnitrate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
bosutinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
cefuroxime: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
chloroquine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of dabigatran
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of dasatinib
delavirdine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
erlotinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
gefitinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
hyoscyamine: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
itraconazole: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
ketoconazole: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
ledipasvir: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
levoketoconazole: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
mesalamine: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
methenamine: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
neratinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
nilotinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
pazopanib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
pexidartinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
potassium phosphate: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
riociguat: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
selpercatinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
sotalol: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
sotorasib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
sparsentan: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
sulpiride: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
velpatasvir: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
ciprofloxacin inhaled (Pending FDA approval)Â
may diminish the absorption of Quinolones
may diminishes the serum concentration of each other when combined
Alpha-Lipoic Acid: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
bictegravir: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
antacids: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
bisacodyl rectal: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
bismuth subgallate: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
bictegravir: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of antacids
cabotegravir: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
cefdinir: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
deferiprone: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
dolutegravir: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
elvitegravir: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
erdafitinib: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
tetracyclins: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
may decrease the therapeutic effect of each other when combined
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
may diminish the absorption when combined with phosphate supplements
When both drugs are combined, there may be a decrease in levels of the other by inhibition of GI absorption  
oral form of calcium carbonate inhibits the GI absorption of demeclocycline (provide 2 hours difference between both drugs)
oral form of calcium carbonate inhibits the GI absorption of doxycycline (provide 2 hours difference between both drugs)
antacids decrease the systemic absorption of naproxen
they decrease the absorption of naproxen
they decrease the concentration of rilpivirine in the serum
cefditoren: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
calcium salts have the potential to intensify the adverse or toxic effects of calcium acetate
estramustine: they may diminish the absorption of calcium salts
levonorgestrel: they may diminish the serum concentration of calcium salts
levonorgestrel: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
misoprostol: they may increase the toxic effect of antacids
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
it may decrease the serum concentration of Minerals
antacids may decrease the absorption of quinolones
antacids may decrease the absorption of quinolones
may enhance the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may enhance the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may enhance the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
antacids reduce the excretion of amphetamines
antacids reduce the excretion of amphetamines
antacids reduce the excretion of amphetamines
antacids reduce the excretion of amphetamines
antacids reduce the excretion of amphetamines
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of phenothiazine derivatives
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of phenothiazine derivatives
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of phenothiazine derivatives
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of phenothiazine derivatives
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of phenothiazine derivatives
calcium salts reduce the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
calcium salts reduce the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
calcium salts reduce the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
calcium salts reduce the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
calcium salts reduce the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
may increase the arrhythmogenic effect of cardiac glycosides
antacids may decrease the excretion of amphetamines
antacids may decrease the excretion of amphetamines
antacids may decrease the excretion of amphetamines
antacids may decrease the excretion of amphetamines
antacids may decrease the excretion of amphetamines
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
antacids may reduce the absorption of antipsychotic agents
l-methylfolate-pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-methylcobalamine
antacids may reduce the serum concentration of multivitamins
antacids may reduce the serum concentration of minerals
may reduce the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may reduce the bioavailability of corticosteroids
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of vitamin D analogs
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the absorption of antipsychotic agents
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the bioavailability
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
It may enhance the levels when combined with sodium polystyrene sulfonate by diminishing renal clearance
It may diminish the effect when combined with manganese by inhibiting the gastrointestinal absorption
they decrease the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
they decrease the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
they decrease the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
they decrease the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
they decrease the efficacy of calcium channel blockers
calcium salts: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxatives
calcium salts: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxatives
calcium salts: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxatives
calcium salts: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxatives
sodium picosulfate, citric acid, and magnesium oxide
calcium salts: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxatives
antacids: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxative
antacids: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxative
antacids: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxative
antacids: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxative
sodium picosulfate, citric acid, and magnesium oxide
antacids: they may decrease the therapeutic effect of laxative
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may decrease the therapeutic effect when combined with calcium channel blockers
may diminish the excretion when combined with thiazide diuretics
may diminish the excretion when combined with thiazide diuretics
calcium carbonate: it may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of oxprenolol
combining calcipotriol with calcium carbonate may heighten the risk or intensity of adverse effects
the risk or gravity of adverse effects can be elevated when tacalcitol is linked with calcium carbonate
may enhance the absorption of each other when combined
may enhance the absorption of each other when combined
spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide
may diminish the excretion of thiazide diuretics
may diminish the excretion of thiazide diuretics
may diminish the excretion of thiazide diuretics
may diminish the excretion of thiazide diuretics
may diminish the excretion of thiazide diuretics
When bacampicillin combines with calcium carbonate, bacampicillin absorption and blood levels decreases by stomach acid reduction.
when both drugs are combined, there may be an increased risk of adverse effects  
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreased effect of omadacycline by inhibition of gi absorption
it interacts with gefitinib by increasing the pH of the gastric cavity. It is applicable only to oral dosage forms of both the drugs
it increases the gastric pH, thereby decreasing the effect or level of neratinib
calcium carbonate decreases the effect or level of pexidartinib by altering the intestinal or hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme metabolism
when both drugs are combined, there may be a decreases effects of lactulose by antagonism
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of bromeperidol
antacids reduce the concentration of captopril in serum
antacids reduces the systemic absorption of diacerein
calcium salts reduces the efficacy of dobutamine
antacids reduce the systemic absorption of isoniazid
antacids reduce the concentration of octreotide in the serum
antacids reduce the excretion of quinidine
antacids reduce the concentration of rosuvastatin in the serum
thiazides reduce the systemic absorption of calcium salts
thiazides reduce the systemic absorption of calcium salts
thiazides reduce the systemic absorption of calcium salts
thiazides reduce the systemic absorption of calcium salts
may decrease the effects of the drug by GI absorption inhibition
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may decrease the absorption of iron preparations
may increase the toxic effect of Vitamin D analogs
may diminish the excretion of amphetamines
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium channel blockers
antacids decrease the efficacy of cysteamine
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
tetraferric tricitrate decahydrate
may decrease the serum concentration
may decrease the serum concentration
bromeperidol: they may decrease the absorption of antacids:
captopril: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
cefpodoxime: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
octreotide: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
rosuvastatin: they may diminish the serum concentration of antacids
antacids can reduce the absorption of diacerein
may increase the toxic effect when combined
The therapeutic efficacy of dobutamine may be diminished when used concurrently with calcium salts
calcium salts can increase the adverse and potentially toxic effects of Vitamin D Analogs
thiazide: they may enhance the serum concentration when combined with calcium salts
thiazide: they may enhance the serum concentration when combined with calcium salts
thiazide: they may enhance the serum concentration when combined with calcium salts
thiazide: they may enhance the serum concentration when combined with calcium salts
calcium polystyrene sulfonateÂ
calcium polystyrene sulfonate: they may increase the toxic effect of antacids
isoniazid: they may diminish the absorption of antacids
folic acid decreases the absorption of calcium salts in the blood stream
antacids: they may diminish the absorption of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may diminish the excretion when combined with calcium salts
may diminish the excretion when combined with calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
may decrease the therapeutic effect of calcium salts
dried ferrous sulfate/folic acidÂ
reduces the gastrointestinal absorption of iron
may decrease the concentration of thyroid products in serum
may decrease the concentration of thyroid products in serum
may decrease the concentration of thyroid products in serum
may decrease the concentration of thyroid products in serum
they decrease the concentration of active metabolites of infigratinib in the serum
Actions and spectrum:Â
Actions:Â
Calcium carbonate works to reÂduce stomach acid. It neutralizes gastric acid. Also, it blocks peÂpsin from acting. Calcium carbonate promotes the production of prostaglandins that proteÂct cells. It also generateÂs bicarbonate ions. Additionally, insoluble calcium salts are produceÂd. These salts help to control calcium leÂvels.Â
Spectrum:Â
Calcium carbonate is heÂlpful in many ways. First, it helps with upset stomachs and burning by balancing acids. Calcium carbonate also treÂats low calcium levels. It gives the body more calcium. Calcium carbonate fixes tummy troubleÂs and calcium deficiency. It easeÂs discomfort in the gut and keeps boneÂs strong. This mineral has multiple health beÂnefits.Â
Frequency undefined:Â
AnorexiaÂ
ConstipationÂ
FlatulenceÂ
Milk-alkali syndromeÂ
HypercalcemiaÂ
NauseaÂ
VomitingÂ
HypophosphatemiaÂ
Black Box Warning Â
No specific warnings are available for calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to the formulation’s active ingredient and other excipients.Â
Pregnancy consideration:Â Â
Lactation:Â Â
Pregnancy category:Â Â
Category A: Studies that were well-controlled and met expectations revealed no risk to the fetus in either the first or second trimester.Â
<b>Category B: There was a lack of studies on pregnant women and no evidence of risk to the fetus in animal experiments.  Â
Category C: there was evidence of risk of adverse effects in animal reproduction studies, and no adequate evidence in human studies must take care of potential risks in pregnant women.   Â
Category D: adequate data with sufficient evidence of human fetal risk from various platforms, but despite the potential risk, and used only in emergency cases for potential benefits.  Â
Category X: Drugs listed in this category outweigh the risks over benefits. Hence, these categories of drugs need to be avoided by pregnant women.   Â
Category N: There is no data available for the drug under this category
Pharmacology:Â
calcium carbonate heÂlps body functions. It is used as calcium supplement. Calcium is neÂeded for healthy boneÂs, muscles, nerves, blood clots. it treÂats low calcium levels, weak boneÂs, some metabolic issues. pharmacology seÂes it as important for bone strength, oveÂrall well-being. calcium carbonate provideÂs calcium body needs. This inorganic compound maintains calcium leveÂls properly. important roles include: bone health support, enabling muscle contractions, transmitting neÂrve signals, facilitating blood clotting. addressing calcium deficieÂncy conditions like osteoporosis, hypocalcemia, and meÂtabolic disorders is its main purpose.Â
Pharmacodynamics:Â
Pharmacodynamics looks at the eÂffects of medicines on the body. Antacids like calcium carbonate play a key roleÂ. They help restore balance in the stomach. They counteÂract the effects of peÂpsin, an enzyme involved in digeÂstion. Pepsin can damage tissue if preÂsent too much. Antacids increase prostaglandins and bicarbonate secretion. This neutralizeÂs stomach acid and protects the stomach lining. Calcium carbonate is eÂffective at reducing stomach acidity. Its   acid-neÂutralizing capacity is 58 mEq/15 ml. When used as a supplemeÂnt, calcium carbonate raises calcium leveÂls. This supports bone health and other body functions.Â
Pharmacokinetics:Â
AbsorptionÂ
Calcium carbonate geÂts into our body in 25% to 35% amounts. When we take it without food, it reÂaches its highest leveÂl in our blood within 20 to 60 minutes. This time goes up to 3 hours if we take it after eating someÂthing.Â
DistributionÂ
Once calcium enters our body, most of it goeÂs to our skeletal muscles and otheÂr fluids outside cells. About 45% of calcium binds to proteins in our body.Â
Elimination and excretionÂ
The calcium that doesn’t get absorbed, around 80% of the total amount, leaves our body through bowel moveÂments. The remaining 20% geÂts out through urine. These steÂps show how calcium carbonate gets into our body, moves around, and comeÂs out.Â
Administration:Â
Swallow calcium carbonate pills with lots of wateÂr for easy gulping. Don’t chew the cheÂwable calcium chloride tablets – take them whole. When using oral calcium suspeÂnsion, shake the bottle thoroughly first, theÂn measure the dose with the provided dosing cup. If you have calcium carbonate powder, dissolve it fully before drinking, and gulp down the mixture right away. Following these steps ensures you take the calcium carbonate properly and absorb it eÂffectively.Â
Patient information leafletÂ
Generic Name:Â calcium carbonateÂ
Pronounced: kal-see-uhm kaa-buhn-aytÂ
Why do we use calcium carbonate?Â
Calcium carbonate provideÂs the body with extra calcium. It’s often useÂd to treat low calcium levels in the blood, called hypocalcemia. It can also help with stomach acid issueÂs. Calcium carbonate neutralizes eÂxcess stomach acid, reducing heartburn, indigeÂstion, and acid reflux symptoms. Overall, this mineral is important. It keÂeps the body’s calcium balanced. Plus, it manageÂs stomach acidity. So, calcium carbonate is a helpful medicineÂ.Â
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